1

Mohit Negi

B120010238

Monika Mehta

B120010241

Mridul Singh

Rawat

B120010243

Naina

B120010246

Nakul Bhugra

B120010247

2

TOPIC SLIDE NUMBER

INTRODUCTION 4

HISTORY 5

NEED OF ELECTRIC CARS 8

PARTS AND WORKING OF ELECTRIC CARS 9

TYPES OF ELECTRIC CARS 11

ELECTRIC CARS IN INDIA 19

LIFE SPAN OF ELECTRIC CARS 24

COST EFFECTIVENESS 25

COMPARISON 26

ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES 28

POSITIVE OUTCOMES ON ENVIRONMENT 30

CONCLUSION 31

REFERENCES 32

3

“Electric cars” generallyrefers to road goingautomobiles poweredby electricity.

Propelled by oneelectric motor or moreusing batteries

Electric motors giveinstant torque, andsmooth acceleration

4

Electric cars enjoyed popularity between thelate 19th century and early 20th century

Early History

In 1890s, electric automobiles held manyspeed and distance records.

Before the 1920s, electric automobiles werecompeting with petroleum-fuelled cars forurban use of a quality service car.

5

GERMAN ELECTRIC CAR,19046

From 1990s to Present

Renewed interest in the perceivedindependence that electric cars had from thefluctuations of the hydrocarbon energymarket.

As on July 2012, other electric automobiles,city cars, and light trucks available in somemarkets for purchase include the REVAi,Tesla, Volt, etc.

7

Contributes to cleaner air.

To preserve the fossil fuels.

Less maintenance

More efficient

Cost Effective

8

• Consists of three parts

1. Battery

2. Controller

3. AC/DC motor

• Controller connected with the accelerator.

• 300v DC battery.

• AC or DC motor.

240V AC motor or 96-192 DC motor.

9

The driver presses theaccelerator which in turn sendsthe signals to the controller.

When fully accelerated,maximum voltage is supplied tothe motor.

On releasing the accelerator, novoltage is supplied.

Two potentiometers areconnected.

When both potentiometers showsame deviation, voltage issupplied further and car moves

10

PLUGIN HYBRIDHYBRID

BATTERY

11

12

• Both the electric motor and the internal

combustion engine needed to run the car.

• Combustion engine is used only to charge the

battery

• Rechargable batteries-Recharged by internal

combustion and regenerative braking.

• It has a larger battery pack that is plugged

into the electric grid for charging, increasing

the share of electric power used by the car.

13

14

• Uses a small electric battery to support theinternal combustion engine.

• Provides increased fuel efficiency.

• The battery is recharged by both the gasolineengine and regenerative braking.

• Regenerative braking captures kinetic energyto charge batteries when the driver pushesthe brakes

15

16

• Battery electric vehicles are all electric.

• No internal combustion engine

• Needs large recharge time (7-8 hours)

• Car halts when the battery dies.

• In order to run 80 plus miles, it requires a large battery i.e, 18kWH to 36 kWH.

17

18

• Companies like Mahindra, Chevrolet andToyota have launched electric cars in India.

• Mahindra launched the first model of EV Revaback in the late 1990s.

• However efforts have been made to improvethe power and luxury of the car.

• In November 2011, Reva NXR was launchedwhich could run 160 km when fully charged.

19

MAHINDRA REVA20

Other cars include

1. Hyundai i10 Electric

• Termed as zero-emission urban commuter

• Consists of a 16kWh battery and a 49kWh electrical motor .

• Can be driven upto 160km when fully charged.

21

2. Chevrolet E-Spark

• The Electric Spark will run on an all-electric drive train.

• Will save an estimated 1,892 liters of petrol every year if driven for 64kms every day.

22

3. Chevrolet Volt • It is an extended range/plug-in electric car.• When charged completely, it is ready to run

on electric charge for up to a range of 40miles i.e. 64.374 km.

• Can go 100 miles in a single tank of fuel.

4. Toyota Prius • The second hybrid car launched at Auto

Expo that will be available in Indian market.• The engine includes electric pump.• Requires no accessory belts improving fuel

economy.

23

Different type of electric cars have different life spans.

Battery EVs can run for 5 years or 1,00,000 miles before fully disintegrated.

The Plug-in hybrids and hybrids have a longer life span due to continuous recharging from the internal combustion engines and batteries.

24

ELECTRICCARS

COMBUSTIONCARS

From electricity produced by batteries

By combustion of fossil fuels and petroleum

Slightly higher due to expensive batteries

Cheaper than that of electric vehicles due to cheaper parts

Doesn’t produce harmful emissions and contributes in clean air.

Produces harmful carbon emissions therefore polluting the air.

Running cost is low due to lesser number of parts.

High due to more number of parts and replacement of oils, etc.

ENERGY

PRICE

POLLUTION

RUNNING COST

25

ELECTRIC CARS COMBUSTIONENGINE CARS

Expensive due to expensive batteries

Cheaper than electric cars.

Electricity rate may vary from place to place.

Fuel prices remains almost constant in every region across the world.

Most companies don’t have certified mechanics for servicing of electric cars.

A lot of mechanics know how to service a combustion cars

PRICE

FUEL RATE

SERVICING

26

ELECTRIC CARS COMBUSTION ENGINE CARS

Zero greenhouse gases from the cars.

Releases harmful greenhouse gases.

Less carbon emissions than combustion engine cars

27% more carbonemissions than that of electric cars.

But overall, particulate matter produced is 3.6 times more than gasoline cars(in countries relying on natural resources for electricity).

Particulate matter production is less.

27

• Cheaper to run because of low rates of electricity than petrol.

• Zero harmful emissions, better for environment.

• Nearly 100% recyclable batteries.

• Reduces noise pollution.

• Can be recharged almost anywhere in urban areas.

28

• Time required to recharge the batteries is more.

• Lesser charging stations.

• More expensive than the combustion engine cars.

• The batteries provided are quite heavy increasing the net weight of the car.

29

• Electric cars contribute to cleaner air.

• Reduced carbon emissions hence less air pollution.

• Produce 27% less carbon(monoxide and dioxide) than combustion engines.

30

• Been in market since 1990s and created a new era in field of automobiles.

• EV has reduced carbon emissions significantly in the area where it is used.

• It restores the balance of ecosystem to some extent.

• The future of EVs is bright as there is sufficient Lithium reserves to power 4 billion electric cars.

31

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1990-1126-500,_Kraftdroschke.jpg

http://www.tva.com/environment/technology/car_vehicles.htm

http://drivingthenortheast.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/What-Everyone-Should-Know-about-EVs.png

http://auto.howstuffworks.com/fuel-efficiency/vehicles/electric-car-battery3.htm

http://money.msn.com/saving-money-tips/post.aspx?post=e86c2726-7b2e-4e49-8538-63db582ec39d

http://healthland.time.com/2012/02/14/why-electric-cars-are-more-polluting-than-gas-guzzlers-at-least-in-china/

32

33