UNIT-5: UNIT-5: Process Process ParagraphParagraph

UNIT-5: UNIT-5: Process Process ParagraphParagraph

The “How to” ParagraphThe “How to” Paragraph

What is a process?

• A process is a series of steps that lead to a desired result.

• A process paragraph explains how to do, create, or understand something.

• For example: how to bake a cake or how to improve your grades. Is there a process

for getting rich?

Characteristics of Process Paragraph

• Pay attention to chronological order. • When the steps are repeated, the same result should be achieved.• Pay attention to transitions.• Modals or Imperatives are the language of the process paragraph.

Is there much detail?• You must know the

procedure down to the smallest detail.

• Unless you have performed the task successfully yourself, don't try to write instructions for it.

• Can you write how to make a model airplane if you haven’t done it?

What are the right steps?

• Good procedures divide the process into logical steps.

• They also guide readers through the steps in order, to reduce the likelihood of mistakes.

• For example, what are the steps to withdraw cash from ATM?

What is in the topic sentence?

The topic sentence:1. Names the process 2. Gives background

reasons one should be interested in knowing about the process

3. Explains technical terms.

Example: Every student should want to know how to get better grades.

What is in the body?• What parts are in

the body sentences?

1. Present the steps of the process in a clear manner and in sequential order

2. Transitions like first and last illustrate the sequence and to add interest so that the paragraph doesn't sound like a shopping list.

Sample Paragraph• Winter Driving

If you drive in winter conditions, knowing five steps possibly can save your life. First, be sure your car is ready. Check the tires’ tread and air pressure, the battery, and the antifreeze. Second, stock your car with emergency roadside supplies. Have a flashlight, jumper cables, and a shovel. Third, practice winter driving in an empty parking lot. When you skid, ease your foot off the gas and steer the car in the direction you want the front end to head. Next, know your route in advance so your hands do not leave the steering wheel and your eyes do not leave the road in an attempt to find directions on a map. The final step is to know what to do if you do get stuck, stalled, or stranded. Stay in your car where you will be warmer. Tie a bright piece of cloth or a marker on your antenna. Run your car long enough to remove the chill. Do not leave your car and attempt to walk long distances for help. Following these five steps will lead to safer winter driving and could save your life.

Can you break this process paragraph down into its three key parts?

Here are the key parts…• Winter Driving

If you drive in winter conditions, knowing five steps possibly can save your life. First, be sure your car is ready. Check the tires’ tread and air pressure, the battery, and the antifreeze. Second, stock your car with emergency roadside supplies. Have a flashlight, jumper cables, and a shovel. Third, practice winter driving in an empty parking lot. When you skid, ease your foot off the gas and steer the car in the direction you want the front end to head. Next, know your route in advance so your hands do not leave the steering wheel and your eyes do not leave the road in an attempt to find directions on a map. Last, know what to do if you do get stuck, stalled, or stranded. Stay in your car where you will be warmer. Tie a bright piece of cloth or a marker on your antenna. Run your car long enough to remove the chill. Do not leave your car and attempt to walk long distances for help. Following these five steps will lead to safer winter driving and just could save your life.

Every strong paragraph has its beginning, body, and conclusion!

The topic sentence tells

why it matters.

Can you find the five main details in the

body?

The final sentence

repeats why it matters.

What can the conclusion do?

• Summarize major steps in a complex procedure to help readers review.

• Describe the results of the process.

• Advise about what could be done next or refer reader to further sources. What advice would

Mom give?

Work in groups, find what is missing in this paragraph and correct it.

• Car Buying

Buying a good car is easy if you know these steps. You must decide on a new or used one. You must figure out your budget and know how much you want to spend. If you decide to buy a used car, check the values from the newspaper. For example, you can research new cars in consumer magazines and the Internet for price, safety, and value. Road test to see how the car handles on the freeway, city streets, and on curves. Check the brakes. Listen for sounds or squeaks inside the car from the engine or in the wheels. Ask family and friends about the car. These steps can help you select the right car for many years of reliable transportation.

• Buying a good car is easy if you know these steps. First, you must decide on a new or used one. You must also figure out your budget and know how much you want to spend. Then, if you decide to buy a used car, check the values from the newspaper. For example, you can research new cars in consumer magazines and the Internet for price, safety, and value. As a fourth step, road test to see how the car handles on the freeway, city streets, and on curves. Check the brakes. Listen for sounds or squeaks inside the car from the engine or in the wheels. Lastly, ask family and friends about the car. These steps can help you select the right car for many years of reliable transportation.

Every strong paragraph has its beginning, body, and conclusion!

The topic sentence tells

why it matters.

Can you find the five main details in the

body?

The final sentence

repeats why it matters.

SUMMARY• Write the process

paragraph to show someone how to do something.

• Make the directions complete so that the person can complete the process without confusion.

• Finish the process paragraph up with a suggestion.

Ways to make Breaking up Easier

Breaking up with a boyfriend or girlfriend can be easier said than done, but here are five steps that may help the breaking up process. First, try to distance yourself by suddenly becoming busier than usual. Whenever s/he calls, tell him/her that you are busy and you cannot talk. The next step is to calmly tell the other person how you are feeling. Then gently let him or her know that you do not want to be together anymore. Then make sure to be sensitive of his or her feelings and answer any questions that he or she may have. For example, if the person starts to cry, use kind words to help comfort him or her. After everything is said and done, take some alone time for yourself because everyone has feelings to sort out after a break up. Finally, go out with friends and meet new people. With these five steps it will make the breaking up process smooth for both parties.

SAMPLE PARAGRAPHS

How to Live on a Tight Budget

In order to keep a tight budget, you have to find a new job, keep a record of your money, and take care with your free time. The first step is to think of getting a second or third job because doing so has two advantages: you can make more money, and you have less time to spend the money! Secondly, you must record all the money that you receive and spend. The money you receive is called your salary, and it should be more than the money you spend. This is called budget. Don’tforget to include money you spend regularly, such as gas, rent, car insurance, and electricity; also, keep in mind any special checks you write, such as those you write for food, new shoes, and vacations. Finally, think about how you spend your free time; try to spend your free time without spending money! For example, you spend money on activities like movies, parties, and restaurants. You should cut down these unnecessary expenses. After you follow these steps, you will save money, time, and worry.