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Contents 1. Report Overview
1.1 Global Compressed Natural Gas Passenger Car Market Overview
1.2 Why You Should Read This Report
1.3 How This Report Delivers
1.4 Key Questions Answered By This Analytical Report Include:
1.5 Who is This Report For?
1.6 Methodology
1.7 Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1.8 Associated Visiongain Reports
1.9 About Visiongain
2. Introduction to the Compressed Natural Gas Vehicles Market 2.1 Key Facts About Compressed Natural Gas Vehicles in 2015
2.1.1 Natural Gas Vehicles (NVG) Sales Growth 2010-2013
2.1.2 Natural Gas Vehicles Population Growth 2010-2015
2.2 Learn Why the Penetration of NGV in the Automotive Sector is Low
2.2.1 The Low Penetration of Natural Gas in Transportation
2.2.2 The Penetration of Natural Gas in the Major Automotive Markets
2.2.3 NGV Refuelling Infrastructure – Investment Needed in CNG & LNG Stations
2.2.4 How Upfront Purchase Costs and Conversion Costs Have Impacted NGV Growth
Negatively
2.3 Why Use Natural Gas as a Fuel for Transportation?
2.4 Definition of the Passenger Car Natural Gas Vehicles (PC-NGV) Market
2.4.1 Passenger Car (PC) Vehicle Definition
2.4.2 Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFV)
2.4.3 Natural Gas (NG)
2.4.3.1 Natural Gas Supply
2.4.3.2 Natural Gas Demand - Consumption
2.4.3.3 Natural Gas Consumption in the Transportation Sector from 1973 to 2012
2.4.4 Definition of Natural Gas Vehicle
2.4.4.1 NGV Engines
2.4.4.2 NGV Fuelling Stations: Fast-Fill Vs. Slow-Fill Stations
2.4.5 Definition of the Passenger Car CNG Market
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Contents 3. Global Compressed Natural Gas Passenger Car Market Forecast
2015-2025 3.1 Compressed Natural Gas Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
3.1.1 What Will Drive Demand in the CNG Passenger Car Market Between 2015 and 2025
3.1.2 Visiongain’s Oil Price Analysis
3.1.2.1 Supply Side Factors – Tight Oil
3.1.2.2 Supply Side – Libya
3.1.2.3 Supply Side – OPEC
3.1.2.4 Demand Side Factors – Chinese and Indian Growth
3.1.2.5 Visiongain’s Oil Price Assumptions
3.1.2.6 The Effects of Oil Price on the Market for CNG Passenger Cars
3.2 Compressed Natural Gas Passenger Car Population Forecast 2015-2025
3.2.1 Drivers and Restraints of the CNG Passenger Car Market
3.3 Global Natural Gas Vehicles Population and Sales 2010-2015
3.4 Global Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
3.4.1 CNG Passenger Car Sales Penetration in Total Passenger Car Sales 2015-2025
3.5 Global Natural Gas Vehicles Population Forecast 2015-2025
3.6 Global Natural Gas Vehicles Sales Forecast 2015-2025
3.6.1 CNG Passenger Car Sales Penetration of NGV Sales 2015-2025
3.7 How Did the Passenger Car Market Change From 2005-2014?
3.7.1 How Will the Passenger Car Market Develop From 2015-2025?
3.8 Global CNG Passenger Cars Submarket Forecasts 2015-2025 by Fitment Type: OEM &
Aftermarket Fitment
3.8.1 OEM Fitment CNG Passenger Car Submarket Forecast 2015-2025
3.8.2 Aftermarket Fitment CNG Passenger Car Submarket Forecast 2015-2025
3.8.3 OEM & Aftermarket Submarket Population Forecast 2015-2025
4. Regional & National Compressed Natural Gas Passenger Car Market
Forecast 2015-2025 4.1 Regional CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.1.1 Regional and Leading National CNG Passenger Car Market Forecast 2015-25
4.1.2 Regional CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025 by Type of Connectivity
4.1.2.1 Regional CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025 for OEM Fitments
4.1.2.2 Regional CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025 for Aftermarket Fitments
4.2 Asia-Pacific & Middle East CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
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Contents 4.2.1 Iran CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.2.1.1 Why Iran is in a Strong Position to Develop its CNG Market
4.2.1.2 Iran Market Status in 2015
4.2.1.3 Drivers & Restraints of Iran’s CNG Passenger Car Market
4.2.2 Pakistan CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.2.2.1 Pakistani Government’s Plans to Revive the Nation’s CNG Market Through LNG
Supply
4.2.2.2 Pakistan CNG Market Overview
4.2.2.3 Drivers & Restraints of Pakistan’s CNG Passenger Car Market
4.2.3 China CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.2.3.1 China’s CNG Market Status in 2015
4.2.3.2 China’s Robust Development of its Natural Gas Infrastructure
4.2.3.3 How China’s Push for Alternative Fuel Cars Aids its CNG Market
4.2.3.4 Drivers & Restraints of China’s CNG Passenger Car Market
4.2.4 India CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.2.4.1 India CNG Passenger Car Market Overview
4.2.4.2 India’s Natural Gas Infrastructure
4.2.4.3 India’s Expansive OEM-fitted CNG Passenger Car Offering
4.2.4.4 Drivers & Restraints of India’s CNG Passenger Car Market
4.3 Americas CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.3.1 Argentina CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.3.1.1 Argentina CNG Passenger Car Market Status in 2015
4.3.1.2 Drivers & Restraints of Argentina’s CNG Passenger Car Market
4.3.2 Brazil CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.3.2.1 Brazil CNG Passenger Car Market Overview
4.3.2.2 Drivers & Restraints of Brazil’s CNG Passenger Car Market
4.3.3 Colombia CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.3.3.1 Colombia CNG Passenger Car Market Overview
4.3.3.2 Drivers & Restraints of Colombia’s CNG Passenger Car Market
4.3.4 Bolivia CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.3.4.1 Bolivia CNG Passenger Car Market Overview
4.3.4.2 Drivers & Restraints of Bolivia’s CNG Passenger Car Market
4.3.5 Venezuela CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.3.5.1 Venezuela CNG Passenger Car Market Overview
4.3.5.2 Drivers & Restraints of Venezuela’s CNG Passenger Car Market
4.3.6 Peru CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.3.6.1 Peru CNG Passenger Car Market Overview
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Contents 4.3.6.2 Peru CNG Passenger Car Market Key Developments in 2014
4.3.6.3 Drivers & Restraints of Peru’s CNG Passenger Car Market
4.3.7 USA CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.3.7.1 USA CNG Passenger Car Market Overview
4.3.7.2 Drivers & Restraints of the USA’s CNG Passenger Car Market
4.4 Europe CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.4.1 The Role of the European Commission in Supporting CNG Adoption
4.4.2 Italy CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.4.2.1 Italy CNG Passenger Car Market Overview
4.4.2.2 Drivers & Restraints of Italy’s CNG Passenger Car Market
4.4.3 Armenia CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.4.3.1 Armenia CNG Passenger Car Market Overview
4.4.3.2 Drivers & Restraints of Armenia’s CNG Passenger Car Market
4.4.4 Germany CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.4.4.1 Germany CNG Passenger Car Market Overview
4.4.4.2 Drivers & Restraints of Germany’s CNG Passenger Car Market
4.4.5 Russia CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
4.4.5.1 Russia CNG Passenger Car Market Overview
4.4.5.2 Russia Expected to Succumb to Recession in 2015
4.4.5.3 Drivers & Restraints of Russia’s CNG Passenger Car Market
4.5 Rest of the World CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
5. SWOT Analysis of the CNG Passenger Car Market 5.1 SWOT Analysis of CNG Passenger Cars By Fitment Type
5.1.1 SWOT Analysis of the CNG Passenger Car OEM-Fitment Submarket
5.1.2 SWOT Analysis of the CNG Passenger Car Aftermarket Fitment Submarket
6. Expert Opinion 6.1 Clean Fuels Consulting
6.1.1 Clean Fuels Consulting on the Market Status of CNG Cars in 2015
6.1.2 Clean Fuels Consulting on the Drivers & Constraints of the Use of CNG in
Transportation
6.1.3 Clean Fuels Consulting on the Effects of the Drop in Oil Price for CNG
6.1.4 Clean Fuels Consulting on the Potential for Future Adoption of NGV in Developed
Markets
6.1.5 Clean Fuels Consulting on Overcoming Infrastructural Concerns
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Contents 6.1.6 Clean Fuels Consulting on Key Developments for CNG in 2014
6.2 Trillium CNG
6.2.1 Trillium CNG on CNG Fuel Coverage Across the United States
6.2.2 Trillium CNG on the Market Status of CNG Fuel Use in the United States in 2015
6.2.3 Trillium CNG on the Impact of the Drop in Oil Price on Fuel Prices
6.2.4 Trillium CNG on Growth Within the Heavy-Duty and Light-Duty Vehicle Segments in the
United States
6.2.5 Trillium CNG on the Drivers & Restraints of CNG’s Use as a Transportation Fuel
6.2.6 Trillium CNG on Consumer Awareness Regarding CNG
6.2.7 Trillium CNG on the Threats Facing CNG Use in Transportation and its Opportunities for
Development
6.2.8 Trillium CNG on the Expected Future Developments for CNG Use in Transportation in
the US
6.2.9 Trillium CNG on Regulatory Mandates Influencing CNG Use
6.2.10 Trillium CNG on the Potential for Bio-CNG Adoption in the US
6.2.11 Trillium CNG on Key Developments for CNG in 2014
7. Leading Companies in the CNG Passenger Car Market 7.1 Audi AG Company Overview
7.1.1 Audi’s Role in the CNG Passenger Car Market
7.1.2 Audi A3 Sportback g-tron Profile
7.1.3 Audi AG Future Outlook
7.2 Chang’an Automobile Group Company Overview
7.2.1 Chang’an’s Role in the CNG Passenger Car Market
7.2.2 Chang’an Automobile Group Future Outlook
7.3 Fiat Chrysler Automobiles Company Overview
7.3.1 Fiat’s CNG Italian Market Offerings Overview
7.3.2 FCA’s CNG Offerings Overview Outside Italy
7.4 Ford Motor Company Overview
7.4.1 Ford’s CNG Offerings Overview
7.4.2 Ford Motor Company Future Outlook
7.5 Geely Company Overview
7.5.1 Geely’s and Volvo’s Roles in the CNG Passenger Car Market
7.5.2 Geely’s Future Outlook
7.6 General Motors Company Overview
7.6.1 Chevrolet CNG Offerings Overview
7.6.2 Opel CNG Offerings Overview
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Contents 7.7 Great Wall Motors Company Overview
7.7.1 Great Wall’s Role in the CNG Passenger Car Market
7.8 Honda Motor Company Overview
7.8.1 Honda’s Role in the CNG Passenger Car Market
7.8.2 Honda’s CNG Offering Overview
7.8.3 Honda’s Future Outlook
7.9 Hyundai Motor Company Overview
7.9.1 Hyundai’s Role in the CNG Passenger Car Market
7.10 Iran Khodro Industrial Group Overview
7.10.1 Iran Khodro’s Role in the CNG Passenger Car Market
7.10.2 Iran Khodro’s Future Outlook
7.11 Mercedes-Benz Company Overview
7.11.1 Mercedes-Benz CNG Offerings Overview
7.11.2 Mercedes-Benz’s Future Outlook
7.12 PSA Peugeot Citroen Company Overview
7.12.1 PSA Peugeot Citroen’s Role in the CNG Passenger Car Market
7.13 Suzuki Motor Corporation Overview
7.13.1 Suzuki’s Role in the CNG Passenger Car Market
7.13.2 Suzuki’s Future Outlook
7.14 Tata Motors Company Overview
7.14.1 Tata Motors’ Role in the CNG Passenger Car Market
7.14.2 Tata Motors’ Future Outlook
7.15 Volkswagen Group (VW) Overview
7.15.1 VW Group’s Role in the CNG Passenger Car Market
7.15.2 SEAT’s Role in the CNG Passenger Car Market
7.15.3 Skoda’s Role in the CNG Passenger Car Market
7.15.4 Volkswagen CNG Offerings Overview
7.16 Other Leading Companies in the CNG Passenger Car Market
8. Conclusions 8.1 Global CNG Passenger Car Market Forecast 2015-25
8.2 Key Findings Emerging From This Research
8.2.1. Global CNG Passenger Car Market Size Forecast 2015-2025 by Fitment Type
8.2.2. Global CNG Passenger Car Population Forecast 2015-2025
8.2.3. Global CNG Car Market Size Forecast 2015-2025 by Region
8.3 Global CNG Passenger Car Market Drivers & Restraints
8.4 Important Forces in the Global CNG Passenger Car Market
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Automotive Compressed Natural Gas Vehicles (NGV) Market 2015-2025: Growth Prospects for CNG Passenger Cars
World Consumption
by Fuel
1973
2012
% Change 1973-2012
Market Share 1973
Market Share 2012
Natural Gas
Electricity
Oil
Coal / Peat
Biofuels & Waste
Other
654
439
2252
640
612
75
1365
1625
3654
907
1113
314
108.7
270.1
62.3
41.7
81.9
320.4
14.0
9.4
48.2
13.7
13.1
1.6
15.2
18.1
40.7
10.1
12.4
3.5
Total (Mtoe) 4672 8979 92.2 4672 8979
2.4.3.3 Natural Gas Consumption in the Transportation Sector from 1973 to 2012 Data published by the IEA in 2014 show that worldwide consumption of Natural Gas has increased
by 108.7% during the period 1973-2012, from 654 Mtoe in 1973 to 1,365 Mtoe in 2011.
This is partly due to the fact the NG has been used as a fuel substitute of oil in many industries
including the transportation sector, driven by both the stricter environment regulations for lower
CO2 emissions and the efforts of many governments to reduce their dependency on oil imports. As
a result, Natural Gas has increased its market share in 2012, accounting for 15.2% of worldwide
energy consumption by fuel.
2.7%
54.8%
2.8%
39.7%
1973 Transport
Industry
Non-Energy Use
Other
6.6%
36.5%
13.5%
43.4%
2012 Transport
Industry
Non-Energy Use
Other
Table 2.16 World Consumption by Fuel: Natural Gas vs. Other Fuels 1973 & 2012 (Mtoe)
Source: Key Energy Statistics IEA 2014
Figure 2.11 Natural Gas Consumption in the Transportation Sector 1973 - 2012 (%)
Source: Key Energy Statistics IEA 2014
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Automotive Compressed Natural Gas Vehicles (NGV) Market 2015-2025: Growth Prospects for CNG Passenger Cars
4.4.2 Italy CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
AGR (
%)
CNG Cars (
ml)
CNG Passenger Car Sales AGR(%)
2015 2020 2025
Table 4.30 Italy CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025 (Millions, AGR%, CAGR%)
Million Units 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025Italy CNG Car Sales 0.051 0.055 0.060 0.068 0.076 0.083 0.092 0.100 0.105 0.111 0.112 0.113
AGR (%) 8.4 8.7 12.0 12.8 8.5 10.9 8.6 5.0 5.7 1.4 0.6CAGR (%) 2015-20 10.6 2020-25 4.2CAGR (%) 2015-25 7.3
Figure 4.48 Italy CNG Passenger Car Sales Forecast 2015-2025 (Millions, AGR%)
4.7% 3.9% 2.9%
Figure 4.49 Italy CNG Passenger Car Sales Market Share Forecast 2015, 2020, 2025 (%)
Source: Visiongain 2015
Source: Visiongain 2015
Source: Visiongain 2015
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Automotive Compressed Natural Gas Vehicles (NGV) Market 2015-2025: Growth Prospects for CNG Passenger Cars
6. Expert Opinion
6.1 Clean Fuels Consulting Clean Fuels Consulting is an environmental consulting firm based in Washington, D.C. and with a
European office in Brussels, Belgium. Clean Fuels Consulting engages in a wide range of activities
and provides professional services. These include: direct lobbying within the EU and UN, policy
development, strategic marketing, communications, technical and technology analysis, the
organisation of successful conferences and workshops, the development of trade delegations, and
the provision of curricula for company training sessions.
Clean Fuels Consulting President and CEO, Dr. Jeffrey Seisler, has over 30 years experience in
the areas of energy analysis, management consulting, clean fuels policy development and
strategic marketing. Since 1983 Dr. Seisler has been involved in new market development with a
focus on natural gas vehicles, first with the American Gas Association in Washington, D.C. and
then as the first Executive Director of the Natural Gas Vehicle Coalition (1988-1994) and starting in
July 1994 as the founding Executive Director of the European Natural Gas Vehicle Association.
Dr. Seisler was a founder of the International Association for Natural Gas Vehicles (IANGV)
starting in 1986 and has been on the Executive Committee since 1990. He was a two term
President of the IANGV (1998-2002) and today is the Vice President for Government Relations.
In December 2014, Visiongain spoke to Clean Fuels Consulting CEO, Dr. Jeffrey Seisler. We are
grateful for his contribution.
6.1.1 Clean Fuels Consulting on the Market Status of CNG Cars in 2015 Visiongain: How do you view the current market status of Compressed Natural Gas as a transportation fuel, as we approach 2015? Dr. Jeffrey Seisler: There are a lot of reasons to be optimistic about the transportation market
development prospects for natural gas – compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied natural gas
(LNG) and bio-methane, the renewable part of the ‘methane portfolio.’ Each (global) regional
NGV market will grow in different ways because of different market forces and influences –
economic and geopolitical – but the focus on the methane portfolio will be positive and improving.
Worldwide there are over 150 manufacturers making more than 270 different types of light and
medium duty vehicles. These should continue to grow. There also are natural gas marine engines
available and this sector will see strong growth into the future.
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Automotive Compressed Natural Gas Vehicles (NGV) Market 2015-2025: Growth Prospects for CNG Passenger Cars
7.2 Chang’an Automobile Group Company Overview
2013 Global Unit Sales 2.12 million, up 20.7% from 2012
Year of Establishment 1862
Headquarters Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
Ticker N/A – State Owned
IR Contact -
Website www.globalcangan.com
Changan Automobile Group, founded in 1862, is a pioneer of China's modern industry. It is
affiliated to China South Industries Group Corporation, among the leading companies of the
Chinese automotive industry. It has existing assets amounting to 68 billion Yuan, and nearly
50,000 employees.
Changan Automobile has six large bases in Chongqing, Beijing, Jiangsu, Hebei, Zhejiang
and Jiangxi and 15 vehicle and engine factories, making an annual capacity of 2 million vehicles
and 2 million engines. Over the years, Changan Automobile has been among the Top 500
industrial enterprises, Top 100 manufacturing companies and Top 20 listed companies in China,
and the Top 50 industrial enterprises in Chongqing Municipality.
7.2.1 Chang’an’s Role in the CNG Passenger Car Market
Chang’an’s contribution to the CNG Passenger Car market is through its Yuexiang (known
as Alsvin outside China) CNG model. Adopting the original CNG system imported from Germany,
the Yuexiang CNG can be fuelled by both the general gasoline and the natural gas with a
consumption loss of 3% to 5% only. The 80L gas container of the model enables a longer mileage
range.
The 1.6 litre CNG bi-fuel model has been available since 2010, and is fairly accessible pricewise
for the Chinese market, and facilitates fuel cost of around 3 dollars per 100 miles for bi-fuel
operation. Nonetheless, economic pressures in China since the car’s release have led to families
attempting dangerous and illegal alterations to their vehicles to allow them to run on natural gas. A
more in-depth profile of the car can be observed below:
Table 7.3 Chang’an Overview 2014 (Unit Sales, Year, HQ, Ticker, Contact, Website)
Source: Visiongain 2015
