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Presentation includes graphs on the energy statistics of EU. Source: Eurostat.
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Energy statistics of EU
Source: Eurostat
Energy intensity of the economy 2007- Gross inland consumption of energy divided by GDP (kilogram of oil equivalent per 1000 Euro)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200B
ulga
riaR
oman
iaE
ston
iaC
zech
Slo
vaki
aLi
thua
nia
Hun
gary
Pol
and
Latv
iaS
love
nia
Fin
land
Cyp
rus
Bel
gium
Mal
taP
ortu
gal
Spa
inG
reec
eN
ethe
rland
sF
ranc
eE
U 2
7Lu
xem
bour
gS
wed
enG
erm
any
Ital
yA
ustr
iaU
nite
dD
enm
ark
Irel
and
Cro
atia
Tur
key
US
AN
orw
ayJa
pan
Sw
itzer
land
Energy intensity of the EU27 (Gross inland consumption of energy divided by GDP (kilogram of oil equivalent per 1000 Euro))
0
50
100
150
200
250
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Energy consumption 2007 (toe/capita)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12Lu
xem
bour
g
Fin
land
Sw
eden
Bel
gium
Net
herla
nds
Cze
ch R
epub
lic
Est
onia
Fra
nce
Ger
man
y
Aus
tria
Den
mar
k
Irel
and
Slo
veni
a
EU
27
Uni
ted
Kin
gdom
Cyp
rus
Slo
vaki
a
Spa
in
Ital
y
Gre
ece
Lith
uani
a
Hun
gary
Bul
garia
Pol
and
Por
tuga
l
Mal
ta
Latv
ia
Rom
ania
Energy consumption 2007 (toe/GDP M€)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Bul
garia
Est
onia
Fin
land
Cze
ch R
epub
lic
Slo
vaki
aP
olan
d
Bel
gium
Lith
uani
a
Sw
eden
Rom
ania
Hun
gary
Slo
veni
aN
ethe
rland
s
Fra
nce
Cyp
rus
Luxe
mbo
urg
EU
27
Latv
ia
Ger
man
yA
ustr
ia
Por
tuga
lG
reec
e
Spa
inD
enm
ark
Uni
ted
Kin
gdom Ital
yM
alta
Irel
and
Total production of primary energy – (1 000 toe)
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000U
nite
d K
ing
do
mG
erm
an
yF
ran
ceP
ola
nd
Ne
the
rla
nd
sC
zech
Re
pu
blic
Sw
ed
en
Sp
ain
Ro
ma
nia
De
nm
ark
Italy
Fin
lan
dB
elg
ium
Gre
ece
Au
stri
aH
un
ga
ryB
ulg
ari
aS
lova
kia
Po
rtu
ga
lE
sto
nia
Lith
ua
nia
Slo
ven
iaL
atv
iaIr
ela
nd
Lu
xem
bo
urg
Cyp
rus
Ma
ltaN
orw
ay
Tu
rke
yS
witz
erl
an
dC
roa
tiaIc
ela
nd
Primary production of energy in EU 27(1 000 toe)
0
200000
400000
600000
800000
1000000
1200000
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Coal and lignite Crude oil Natural gas Nuclear energy Renewable energy
Primary production of energy in EU 27 (1 000 toe)
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Coal and lignite Crude oil Natural gas Nuclear energy Renewable energy
Different energy sources in primary energy production (EU27 2007)
Coal + lignite22,0 %
Crude oil13,6 %
Natural gas19,7 %
Nuclear energy28 %
Renewable16 %
Nuclear energy = Heat production in nuclear reactor
Different energy sources in primary energy production (EU27 2007)
Coal + lignite22,0 %
Crude oil13,6 %
Natural gas19,7 %
Nuclear energy28,4 % Solar
0,1 %
Bio mass + waste11,3 %
Geothermal0,7 %
Hydro3,1 %
Wind1,1 %
Renewable16 %
Net imports of primary energy 2007 (Mtoe)
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
Au
stri
a
Be
lgiu
m
Bu
lga
ria
Cyp
rus
Cze
ch R
ep
ub
lic
De
nm
ark
Est
on
ia
Fin
lan
d
Fra
nce
Ge
rma
ny
Gre
ece
Hu
ng
ary
Ire
lan
d
Italy
La
tvia
Lith
ua
nia
Lu
xem
bo
urg
Ma
lta
Ne
the
rla
nd
s
Po
lan
d
Po
rtu
ga
l
Ro
ma
nia
Slo
vaki
a
Slo
ven
ia
Sp
ain
Sw
ed
en
Un
ited
Kin
gd
om
Net imports of primary energy per capita 2007 (toe/capita)
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Au
stri
a
Be
lgiu
m
Bu
lga
ria
Cyp
rus
Cze
ch R
ep
ub
lic
De
nm
ark
Est
on
ia
EU
27
Fin
lan
d
Fra
nce
Ge
rma
ny
Gre
ece
Hu
ng
ary
Ire
lan
d
Italy
La
tvia
Lith
ua
nia
Lu
xem
bo
urg
Ma
lta
Ne
the
rla
nd
s
Po
lan
d
Po
rtu
ga
l
Ro
ma
nia
Slo
vaki
a
Slo
ven
ia
Sp
ain
Sw
ed
en
Un
ited
Kin
gd
om
Net imports of primary energy to EU27 (Mtoe)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Crude oil and petroleum products Natural gas Total primary energy
Gross inland energy consumption in EU27, by fuel 2007
Solid fuels18 %
Natural gas24 %
Nuclear energy13 %
Renewables 8 %
Crude oil + Petroleum products
37 %
Gross inland consumption is calculated as follows: primary production + recovered products + total imports + variations of stocks - total exports - bunkers
Total 1806336 (1000toe)
Electricity production 2007 (TWh)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700G
erm
an
yF
ran
ceU
nite
d K
ing
do
mIta
lyS
pa
inP
ola
nd
Sw
ed
en
Ne
the
rla
nd
sB
elg
ium
Cze
ch R
ep
ub
licF
inla
nd
Gre
ece
Au
stri
aR
om
an
iaP
ort
ug
al
Bu
lga
ria
Hu
ng
ary
De
nm
ark
Ire
lan
dS
lova
kia
Slo
ven
iaL
ithu
an
iaE
sto
nia
Cyp
rus
La
tvia
Lu
xem
bo
urg
Ma
lta
Tu
rke
yN
orw
ay
Sw
itze
rla
nd
Cro
atia
Ice
lan
d
Electricity production 2007 (MWh/capita)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18S
we
de
n
Fin
lan
d
Est
on
ia
Fra
nce
Cze
ch R
ep
ub
lic
Lu
xem
bo
urg
Be
lgiu
m
Ge
rma
ny
Au
stri
a
Slo
ven
ia
De
nm
ark
Sp
ain
EU
27
Ire
lan
d
Un
ited
Kin
gd
om
Ne
the
rla
nd
s
Cyp
rus
Gre
ece
Bu
lga
ria
Ma
lta
Ita
ly
Slo
vaki
a
Po
rtu
ga
l
Po
lan
d
Lith
ua
nia
Hu
ng
ary
Ro
ma
nia
La
tvia
Market share of the largest generator in the electricity market -% of the total generation (2007)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120C
ypru
s
Ma
lta
Est
on
ia
Gre
ece
Fra
nce
La
tvia
Be
lgiu
m
Slo
ven
ia
Cze
ch R
ep
ub
lic
Slo
vaki
a
Lith
ua
nia
Po
rtu
ga
l
Ire
lan
d
De
nm
ark
Sw
ed
en
Hu
ng
ary
Italy
Sp
ain
Ro
ma
nia
Fin
lan
d
Un
ited
Kin
gd
om
Po
lan
d
Bu
lga
ria
*
Ge
rma
ny*
Lu
xem
bo
urg
*
Ne
the
rla
nd
s*
Au
stri
a*
* = not available
Electricity generated from renewable sources - % of gross electricity consumption
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90A
ustr
ia
Sw
eden
Latv
ia
Por
tuga
l
Den
mar
k
Rom
ania
Fin
land
Slo
veni
a
Spa
in
Slo
vaki
a
EU
27
Ger
man
y
Ital
y
Fra
nce
Irel
and
Net
herla
nds
Bul
garia
Gre
ece
Uni
ted
Kin
gdom
Cze
ch R
epub
lic
Lith
uani
a
Hun
gary
Bel
gium
Luxe
mbo
urg
Pol
and
Est
onia
Cyp
rus
Mal
ta
2007 2010
Electricity generated from renewable sources - % of gross electricity consumption (EU27)
0
5
10
15
20
25
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2010** = estimate
Different fuels in electricity production in EU27
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Hard coal Petroleum Natural gas Nuclear Hydro Wind Others
Share of different fuels in electricity prodouction in EU27 2007
Hard coal18,0 %
Petroleum3,3 %Natural gas
21,6 %
Nuclear27,8 %
Hydro10,2 %
Wind3,1 %
Others15,9 %
Total 3361 TWh
Electricity consumption 2007 EU27
Industry40,4 %
Transport2,5 %
Services54,6 %
Households2,4 %
Total 2843 TWh
Energy dependency - % (2007)
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120M
alta
Luxe
mbo
urg
Cyp
rus
Irel
and
Ital
y
Por
tuga
l
Spa
in
Bel
gium
Aus
tria
Slo
vaki
a
Gre
ece
Lith
uani
a
Latv
ia
Hun
gary
Ger
man
y
Fin
land
EU
27
Slo
veni
a
Bul
garia
Fra
nce
Net
herla
nds
Sw
eden
Rom
ania
Est
onia
Pol
and
Cze
ch R
epub
lic
Uni
ted
Kin
gdom
Den
mar
k
EU27 Energy Dependency - %
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Combined heat and power generation - Percentage of gross electricity generation (2007)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45D
enm
ark
Latv
ia
Fin
land
N
ethe
rland
s S
lova
kia
Hun
gary
P
olan
d A
ustr
ia
Lith
uani
a C
zech
Rep
ublic
B
elgi
um
Por
tuga
l G
erm
any
EU
27
Rom
ania
It
aly
Luxe
mbo
urg
Bul
garia
S
wed
en
Slo
veni
a E
ston
ia
Spa
in
Uni
ted
Kin
gdom
Ir
elan
d F
ranc
e G
reec
e C
ypru
s M
alta
Icel
and
Tur
key
Nor
way
Share of biofuels in fuel consumption of transport - % (2007)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Ger
man
yS
lova
kia
Sw
eden
Li
thua
nia
Fra
nce
Aus
tria
N
ethe
rland
s E
U 2
7P
ortu
gal
Luxe
mbo
urg
Gre
ece
Spa
in
Bel
gium
R
oman
ia
Uni
ted
Kin
gdom
P
olan
d S
love
nia
Hun
gary
C
zech
Rep
ublic
Ir
elan
d It
aly
Latv
ia
Cyp
rus
Den
mar
k B
ulga
ria
Fin
land
E
ston
ia*
Mal
ta*
Nor
way
S
witz
erla
nd
Cro
atia
T
urke
y
* = not available
Electricity prices without taxes for medium size households 2007 (€/kWh)
Average national price in Euro per kWh without taxes applicable for the first semester of each year for medium size household consumers (Consumption Band Dc with annual consumption between 2500 and 5000 kWh).
0
0,02
0,04
0,06
0,08
0,1
0,12
0,14
0,16
0,18It
aly
Luxe
mbo
urg
Irel
and
Ger
man
y
Por
tuga
l
Net
herla
nds
Slo
vaki
a
Uni
ted
Kin
gdom
Bel
gium
Cyp
rus
EU
27
Den
mar
k
Sw
eden
Aus
tria
Hun
gary
Spa
in
Pol
and
Mal
ta
Fra
nce
Cze
ch R
epub
lic
Slo
veni
a
Fin
land
Rom
ania
Gre
ece
Lith
uani
a
Est
onia
Latv
ia
Bul
garia
Electricity prices without taxes for medium size industry 2007 (€/kWh)
0
0,02
0,04
0,06
0,08
0,1
0,12Ir
elan
d
Cyp
rus
Ital
y
Luxe
mbo
urg
Uni
ted
Kin
gdom
Ger
man
y
Slo
vaki
a
Net
herla
nds
Mal
ta
Bel
gium
EU
27
Por
tuga
l
Rom
ania
Hun
gary
Spa
in
Aus
tria
Cze
ch R
epub
lic
Slo
veni
a
Gre
ece
Den
mar
k
Sw
eden
Lith
uani
a
Fin
land
Fra
nce
Pol
and
Est
onia
Bul
garia
Latv
ia
Average national price in Euro per kWh without taxes applicable for the first semester of each year for medium size industrial consumers (Consumption Band Ic with annual consumption between 500 and 2000 MWh).
Electricity prices without taxes by type of user (€/kWh)
0
0,02
0,04
0,06
0,08
0,1
0,12
0,14
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Households (EU27) Households (EU15)
Industry (EU27) Industry (EU15)
Average national price in Euro per kWh without taxes applicable for the first semester of each year for medium size industrial consumers (Consumption Band Ic with annual consumption between 500 and 2000 MWh). Average national price in Euro per kWh without taxes applicable for the first semester of each year for medium size household consumers (Consumption Band Dc with annual consumption between 2500 and 5000 kWh). Until 2007 the prices are referring to the status on 1st January of each year for medium size consumers
Final energy consumption in EU27, by sector
(1000 toe)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Industry Transport Households Agriculture Services Others
Final energy consumption in EU27, by sector
0 %
20 %
40 %
60 %
80 %
100 %
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Industry Transport Households Agriculture Services Others
Final energy consumption in EU27 2007, by sector
Industry27,9 %
Transportation32,6 %
Households24,6 %
Agriculture2,4 %
Services11,2 %
Other1,3 %
Total 1158 Mtoe
Prices of premium unleaded gasoline 95 RON (€/l tax incl.)
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
2004s02 2005s01 2005s02 2006s01 2006s02 2007s01 2007s02 2008s01
Unweighted average price among member states Lowest price among member states
Highest price among member states
Implicit tax rate on energy 2007 - Ratio of energy tax revenues to final energy consumption
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350D
enm
ark
Uni
ted
Kin
gdom
Ger
man
y
Ital
y
Mal
ta
Sw
eden
Net
herla
nds
Luxe
mbo
urg
EU
27
Fra
nce
Aus
tria
Por
tuga
l
Irel
and
Slo
veni
a
Cyp
rus
Spa
in
Bel
gium
Cze
ch R
epub
lic
Fin
land
Hun
gary
Gre
ece
Pol
and
Lith
uani
a
Slo
vaki
a
Est
onia
Bul
garia
Latv
ia
Rom
ania
Gas prices without taxes for medium size industry 2007 (€/GJ)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14S
wed
en
Luxe
mbo
urg
Ger
man
y
Irel
and
Hun
gary
Slo
veni
a
Fra
nce
Bel
gium
Slo
vaki
a
EU
27
Lith
uani
a
Ital
y
Por
tuga
l
Cze
ch R
epub
lic
Pol
and
Net
herla
nds
Latv
ia
Spa
in
Fin
land
Uni
ted
Kin
gdom
Est
onia
Rom
ania
Bul
garia
Den
mar
k*
Aus
tria
*
* = not available
Gas prices without taxes for medium size household 2007 (€/GJ)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18P
ortu
gal
Luxe
mbo
urg
Sw
eden
Spa
in
Ger
man
y
Irel
and
Bel
gium
Aus
tria
Fra
nce
Slo
veni
a
Ital
y
Net
herla
nds
EU
27
Uni
ted
Kin
gdom
Cze
ch R
epub
lic
Slo
vaki
a
Pol
and
Hun
gary
Latv
ia
Bul
garia
Lith
uani
a
Est
onia
Rom
ania
Den
mar
k*
Fin
land
*
* = not available
Gas prices without taxes by type of user in EU (€/GJ)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Industry (EU15) Industry (EU27) Households (EU15) Households (EU27)Average national price in Euro per Giga Joule (GJ) without taxes applicable for the first semester of each year for medium size industrial consumers (Consumption Band I3 with annual consumption between 10 000 and 100 000 GJ). Average national price in Euro per GJ without taxes applicable for the first semester of each year for medium size household consumers (Consumption Band D2 with annual consumption between 20 and 200 GJ). Until 2007 the prices are referring to the status on 1st January of each year for medium size consumers
