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Woodland Creation: Geoff Garrett, Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority
Citation preview
Woodland Creation in the
Yorkshire Dales National Park.
What types of woodlands do we plant in the National Park?
What type of woodland do we have in the National Park?
Tie a yellow ribbon
What types of trees are found in the National Park?
Tie a yellow ribbon
Large trees Common AlderAshElm
Wild CherrySmall leaved limePendunculate Oak
Sessile OakCrack WillowWhite Willow
Used as a punishment
Small trees Downy birchSilver birchBird CherryCrab AppleField Maple
HollyRowan
WhitebeamGoat Willow
Hazel
Light green colour
ShrubsBlackthorn, Broom,
Dogwood, Elder,Gorse, Guelder Rose
Hawthorn, HoneysuckleOsier, Wild privet
Grey Willow, Purple willowJuniper
Non native trees that are important
Sycamore
Beech
Sitka Spruce
Larch
Scots Pine
Endless list of exotic species
A nutty girl
These species make up the majority of the tree cover within the Dales.
Where do you find these trees and how are they grouped together?
Ancient Semi Natural Woodland
There are 25 categorised woodland communities (NVC) in the UK.
18 are found in the Dales along with the majority of sub communities.
7 are absent (2 are confined to Scotland, 2 are lowland willow carr, 3 are scrub communities)
Upland mixed (ash) woodland
AshDowny birchRowanSessile oakWych elmAlderHollyaspen
Bird cherryHazelHawthornElderGrey sallow
Avoid an ash, for it courts a flash
Wet WoodlandAlderAsh
Downy birchOak
RowanHolly
Willow Hazel
hawthorn
Light green colour
Upland oak woodland
Sessile oakDowny birch
RowanHolly
AspenHazel
Hawthornjuniper
“Nibble a hawthorn leaf to stop your tummy rumbling”
Scrub
Juniper
Downy birch
Rowan
(scots pine)
Two species that have had an impact on new woodland planting.
Black Grouse
Red Squirrel
Amend the existing planting mix to benefit these species.
A nutty girl
Many different plants and animals are associated with these three
types of woodland.
The most important woodland type that we have is the upland ash woodland
Nationally recognised as important for the assemblage of plants associated with the woodland
Total woodland cover• ASNW – 0.84%
• PAWS sites – 0.23%
• Other types of broadleaved woodland – 1.06%
• Conifer plantations – 1.94%
At the seaside
How much Ancient Semi Natural Woodland have we got in the YDNP?
Not a lot
0.84% or 1480ha
Hay Meadows – 1.6%
Limestone pavements – 0.8%
Ancient Semi natural woodland • Our oldest woodlands • Been modified in the past • Strong historical link to the landscape• Immensely important, being a direct descendant
from the once extensive and complex post-glacial woodland
WOODLAND CREATION
After the fire
Progress so far• 1995 – 2006 = 660ha• 2006 – 2008 = approx 166ha• 2009/10 = 127ha• Total planted to date = 953ha 2065 acres
2000 good sized football pitches 8.26 sq km 3.2 sq miles
• Present target = 100ha/yr until 2020
Where have we been planting these trees?
Hawthorn leaves make a refreshing tea.
• Where will we be planting new woodlands in the future?
“Alder flowers dye clothes green” – Robin Hood’s house keeping tip to Maid Marion
Existing special qualities
What needs to be taken into consideration when planting a new woodland.
• Archaeology• Landscape (Woodland Design Guide)• Access• Nature conservation value.
Forest Habitat Networks
Linking The Dales’ Woodlands
Druids use hazel to invoke invisibility
Forest Habitat Network
Aim:
• To identify areas which if planted with an appropriate New Native Woodland would provide significant woodland conservation benefits.
Rowan berries have been ground and used instead of flour
• “A habitat network is a configuration of habitat that allows species to move and disperse through a landscape. Networks can be produced for a particular type of habitat. For example, a forest habitat network focuses on how woodland species utilise woodland habitat and disperse through this and other habitat types in the wider landscape.” (Forestry Commission, 2007)
What is a habitat network?
The result is:
• Increased connectivity;• Less fragmentation;• More continuous woodland cover;• Improved corridors for the movement of species;• More robust and sustainable habitats;• Lower risk of species extinctions.
Priorities
• Filling in gaps to join pockets of woodland;• Increasing the width of narrow bands of
woodland;• Increasing the overall area of woodlands;• Planting on sites that were wooded historically
but no longer retain tree cover.
• Also need to consider what might eat new trees.
• Deer, Sheep, rabbits, voles all destroy woodlands
• Hence the use of plastic tree shelters
• Plastic tree shelters are many and varied
• Want protection for the tree but
• Not so that it grows so well that it bends over when it grows too tall
Current favoured guard is A***n shelter guard. Biodegradable. Tree Environment
Where does the money come from for planting new woodlands?
•National Park Authority
•Forestry Commission
•Yorkshire Dales Millennium Trust
•Agri-environment Schemes
•Woodland Trust
•Land owner