Maritime Development in Bangladesh Port and Terminals

Ahamedul Karim ChowdhuryChittagong Port Authority

Ahamedul Karim ChowdhuryTerminal Manager, Chittagong Port Authority

akccpa@gmail.com

COLOMBO INTERNATIONAL MARITIME CONFERENCE - CIMC 2015

Content• Introduction• Development of Chittagong Port• Major Import & Export of Bangladesh• Trade Pattern (Origin & Destination of Import & Export)• Existing Situation of Chittagong Port including container terminals

– Container ships– Break bulk or General cargo vessels– Ro-Ro or Vehicle Carriers– Dry Bulk ships– Tankers

• Forecasting Container traffic in future• Plan and implementation progress to cope with future demand• Development of rail based ICD• Development of Waterway based Inland Container Terminal• Development of Mongla Port• Development of Payra Deep Sea Port

Geographical location of Ports in the region

Development of Chittagong Port

• Chittagong is the principal sea port of Bangladesh, situated in the south of Bangladesh, handling more than 92% of the sea-born trade.

• The port is basically a river port situated 16 km upstream from the Bay of Bengal.

• About 70 percent of freight movements at Chittagong Port originate and are destined for customers within the Greater Dhaka Region and;

• A significant portion of trade (about 30 percent) originates or is destined for Chittagong region.

Major Imports of Bangladesh

• Textiles• Raw cotton• Food stuff• Chemicals• Paper, Waste paper, Wood pulp, Timber, • Machinery• Steel/Iron products• Electrical & Electronic products• Building materials &• others.

Major Export of Bangladesh

• Readymade Garments• Jute & Jute products• Leather products• Tea• Frozen foods• Urea• Ammonia• Naphtha and • others.

Bangladesh Imports and Export by Country (%-share in total)

Import Export

Chittagong Port has the following berthing facilities at present

• General Cargo Berths (GCB): 13 consecutive berths (total length 2,100 m approx.) constructed during 1954-1979 and used for handling of general and container cargo. The marine structures are not in a very good condition.

• Chittagong Container Terminal (CCT): Dedicated 450 m quay wall for container traffic with STS gantry cranes. The facilities are in a good condition.

• New mooring Container Terminal (NCT): Recently built 1,000 m long quay wall (5 berths á 200 m) for container cargo operations. The structure is in good condition.

Containers handled in Chittagong Port during last five Years (FY)

FY Import (in TEU)

Export(In TEU)

Total(In TEU)

2010-11 729693 739221 1468914

2011-12 675796 667612 1343408

2012-13 743547 725166 1468713

2013-14 812918 812591 1625509

2014-15 940827 926115 1866942

Forecasting Container traffic in Chittagong Port

• Chittagong Port has projected the container traffic to 2.7, 4.4, 5.1 and 5.4 million TEUs for the year 2020, 2025, 2030 and 2040 respectively.

• Dhaka’s expectation to and from container traffic may be 1.89, 3.08, 3.57 and 3.78 in million TEUs in the year 2020, 2025, 2030 and 2040.

Existing Situation of ships calling in Chittagong port

• Container ships : The average ship size of the calling Container ship is 1400TEU, ranging 500TEU to 1600 TEU. After further dredging it is not expected that ship size will increase to a significant level. Maximum ship size assumed to be 1800TEU.

• Break bulk or General cargo vessels: Handy Size or even smaller bulk carriers of 10,000-15,000 dwt size. Ship with an average size of 12,975 dwt is expected and in future assumed maximum 15,000 dwt per call.

• Ro-Ro or Vehicle Carriers: At present 32 Ro-Ro and dedicated vehicle carriers are calling Chittagong Port. Typical capacity of a vehicle carrier like the “Asian Leader” is calling Chittagong port regularly with 1500 cars, in general only a fraction of her capacity.

• Dry Bulk ships: An average ship size of dry bulk ship is 35,000 dwt. The average ship load in 2012 was 34,000 tons and 496 dry bulk carriers called Chittagong Port. Dry bulk handling consists only of import.

• Tankers: Average tanker size calling at Chittagong Port is 25,000 dwt but the edible oils are delivered in charge of maximum 10,000 tons therefore assumed that average volume of liquid cargo was 20,000 tons in 2012 and 347 total.

Vessels Call Potentials at Chittagong port up to 2033

Number of vessels 2012 2018 2023 2028 2033

Container ships 845 1154 1502 1629 1605

Dry bulk carrier 496 661 834 1017 1202

Tanker 347 402 397 387 367Break-bulk/ General Cargo 356 332 330 335 348Ro/Ro or Vehicle Carrier 32 32 38 48 62

Total 2076 2581 3101 3416 3584

CPA’s plan to cope with a large volume of container

• Develop GCB (10-13 No berth) area into a full independent container terminal by 2020 ; in capacity to handle 770,000TEU per annum and licensed to a private operator.

• Planning to build a new Bay Container Terminal (BCT) to meet the volumes with a capacity of 2.8 million TEUs.

• Bay Terminal located at the seaside approx. 8-10 miles north of the estuary.

• Bay Container Terminal could handle larger vessels of the panamax and post-panamax type i.e. up to 5000TEU.

• Due to its location the Bay Container Terminal would technically be more feasible than the other sites that's why considered as favorite alternatives of KCT.

Location of proposed Bay Container Terminal

Development of Rail based ICD

• Established in 1987

• Distance from Chittagong port: 320 KM Railway path;

• Full pledged Customs house has been established in Kamalapur, Dhaka in 2011

• Two MG and One DG rail track • Length of rail tracks : 1097m• Yard area : 1,36,954 sq. meter• Static capacity : 4067 TEU• CFS : 8,182 sq. meter• Yearly handling capacity: 90,000TEU• Handled 66,847 TEUs in 2014-2015 FY

• A feasibility study for construction of a new ICD near Dhirassram Railway Station (Dhaka) was conducted by CPA in 2007 financed by the World Bank.

• Study suggested to implement first phase with a capacity of 354,000 TEUs with a gradual expansion up to 860,000TEUs.

• The study also suggested the necessity of converting existing Chittagong Port Railway Yard (CGPY) into an off-dock terminal.

• According to BR the construction of Dhirassram ICD would be important because of the current physical limitation of Dhaka ICD would then be about 450,000TEUs.

Inland Waterways in Bangladesh

• The waterway in Bangladesh is classified into four hierarchical classes.

• The classification is made principally according to the Least Available Draft (LAD).

• The waterways Class I and II are major transport corridors where LAD of 2.1m to 3.6m.

IWT IWT ClassificationClassification

Length Length (km)(km)

Depth Depth (m)(m)

Class-IClass-I 683683 3.66-3.96

Class-IIClass-II 10001000 2.1-2.44

Class-IIIClass-III 18851885 1.52-1.83

Class-IVClass-IV 24002400 Less than 1.52

Source: Department of Hydrography BIWTA

Pangaon Inland Container Terminal• To reduce the container vehicles’ share on

the Dhaka-Chittagong Highway, Chittagong Port Authority (CPA) and Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Authority (BIWTA) jointly constructed Pangaon Inland Container Terminal on the bank of Buriganga river near Dhaka.

• Honorable Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina Inaugurated on 07 November 2013.

• A full pledged Customs House and a branch of Sonali Bank Limited established in Terminal Building.

• The terminal’s yearly handling capacity is now 116,000 TEUs. The capacity could gradually be increased up to 160,000TEUs.

• Pangaon ICT at a glance• Yard : 55000 sq. meter• Length of Jetty : 180 meter (W26 M)• Container Capacity: 3500 TEU• CFS: 5815 sq. meter• Reefer point : 48 (4X12) plug point• Equipment: MHC :1, SC:2, FLT: 4, TM:3,

Cargo Cranes: 2• Power supply: 1250 KVA/1MW (2)

generator, another 2.5MW under construction.

• Vessel/barge: 3 (120 TEU Capacity)• Another 3 private vessels are in sea trial

and coming shortly.

Development of Mongla Port

Cargo handled in last five years in MT

FYNo. of ships called

Import (MT)

Export (MT)

Total (MT)

2010-2011 272 2529853 166418 2696271

2011-2012 234 2482432 137465 2619897

2012-2013 282 2946222 201352 3147574

2013-2014 345 3402402 141547 3543949

2014-2015 416 4429449 100830 4530279

Facilities:

• Container Yard (3) 35754 Sq. meter• Static Capacity 2180TEUs (Single stack)• Transit Shed (4), 19,628 Sq. meter &

storage capacity : 7500 MT• Warehouse (2) : 19,630 Sq. meter &

storage capacity : 15,000 MT.• Car parking yard (1): Storage capacity:

2000 unit Car • Open dumps : 300,000 sq. meter

Container Handling in last five years in TEU

FYNo of ships

Called

Inbound

(TEU)

Outbound(TEU)

Total(TEU)

2010-2011 44 13699 13424 27123

2011-2012 35 15460 14585 30045

2012-2013 47 21994 21879 43873

2013-2014 72 21947 21060 43007

2014-2015 67 21036 21101 42137

Development of Payra Deep Sea PortPayra Port is located in the Meghna Estuary at Rabnabad Channel in the Patuakhali district. It is about 154 NM far from Chittagong port and 125 NM from Mongla Port. Rabnabad Channel is a naturally suitable place to build a seaport. Port Limit is demarked which is about 504 square miles and outer anchorage will be 210 square miles for anchoring the vessel draught 10-20 m.

• Payra Sea Port will have following facilities.– Jetty area has depth of water 12-25 m where deep draught and bigger size vessel can be

accommodated.– 11 km long jetty/terminal facilities can be developed.– 4 km wide channel.– Plenty of hinterland to develop a seaport with modern infrastructure.– Planned Navy base and Coast Guard close to the proposed port area will provide

necessary safety and security. – Protected from natural disaster.– Located in regional and international shipping friendly position.– Can be used as a regional transshipment port.

Techno-economic feasibility study & future prospect

Techno Economic feasibility study and the main components of the tasks are:

• Approach Channel Design• River Bank Protection• Capital and Maintenance Dredging• Breakwater• Environmental Impact Assessment• Economic Viability• Conceptual Mater Plan

Project Implementation Plan• Plan I. Commence limited scale port operation

by Dec 2015 through lighter vessel bringing merchant ship at outer anchorage.

• Plan II. Complete major components of port infrastructure with 2.5 km terminal facilities including River Bank Protection, Capital Dredging and Breakwater by 2018.

• Plan III. Complete remaining Port facilities by 2023

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34.8441.18

44.8940.90

44.2648.6953.55

58.9164.80

71.2878.41

Fig in Mil M T

Cargo Handling Forecast

Actual Projected

Thank you

Any question ?