A unique opportunity to commercialize advanced patented technologies for the treatment of waste to produce energy

Mechanical Heat Treatment Linked through Gasification to

Renewable Energy.

Presented by Neil Roberts

• Find an alternative local solution to large scale waste problems

• Address high transport and rising disposal costs

• Maximise recovery/recycling of saleable products

• Convert biodegradable material into saleable fuel

• Minimise waste sent to landfill

• Linking waste to energy without mass burn

• Reduce emissions

• Provide sustainable energy to local consumers

Market Place Challenges

• Environmental matters are increasingly taking centre stage – and general awareness is growing

• Concerns over global warming and the level of greenhouse gas emissions are growing

• Interest in the concept of recovering energy from ‘wasted resources’ is growing

• Traditional waste treatment technologies i.e. incineration, landfilling , composting and MBT are losing public favour

• Unparalleled opportunities exist for those governments that embrace new process technologies / processes

Background

• In 30 years, 2/3 of the world’s population of 6 billion plus people, are expected to live in urban locations

• Relying solely on the goodwill of busy people to recycle at source is irresponsible.

• Cities are becoming increasingly high rise to accommodate mass urban migration.

• Transient workers = limited environmental awareness

• Energy consumption may increase 50% by 2035

• 70% of energy is consumed in buildings, mainly in AC

• By 2035 only 14% of global energy consumption will be from renewable sources.

ALARMING FACTS

• WM roads, energy, water are integral to the fabric of modern infrastructure its not somebody else’s problem

• Limited waste avoid legislation, cheap landfill and energy, put off high tech private sector investment.

• WM’s not a pot of gold. Private sector investors need a supporting legislative and policy frameworks.

• Sustainable energy technologies are imperative to our cities future success

• Consuming todays mineral resources for traditional power generation is cheaper but at what cost to tomorrow’s society?

• High value "exit outputs" from renewable gas and electricity are going to become increasingly important

Strategic and Legislative Context

• Recycling and energy recovery technologies that don’t solely rely on source segregation and comingled collections

• Traditional “MBT” technologies relying on a consistent flow of costly source segregated / comingled collections in GCC are struggling

• Coherent planning, cohesive thinking, joined-up policy. “otherwise WM will drift on an ad-hoc piecemeal basis.

• To stop building the wrong facilities in the wrong places, they will become disintegrated and stranded.

• Flexible recycling facilities that are not solely reliant on the fluctuation in supply and demand for recovered recylates that are heavily impacted by global economics

Gulf States Need

• New technologies promoting high value exits, i.e. energy-from-waste will replace traditional technologies

• "If Waste management companies don’t move into this space, energy and heating firms will

• The recyclables market is tiny compared to energy, bankers / investors want to see energy side figures

• Investors want 20yr + contracts. 10yrs is too short

• Gate fees must reflect savings to the community, transport, road repairs congestion, landfill.

• Tomorrows winners will be those Governments that encourage joined up thinking between planning depts, power, water companies and consumers.

Commercial drivers

• Waste to energy delivers best value fastest route to divert waste from landfill, minimize transport and reduce the demand on overburdened power stations.

• Waste to district cooling = big environmental win. • Automated solutions are needed that receive mixed

Municipal and Commercial Wastes, recovering sustainable high quality saleable commodities fuels.

• Clusters of pretreatment plants feeding a central co -located energy plant aligned with an end users.

• Sealed or underground collection facilities to prevent scavenging of valued metals, cardboard at source.

• Carbon credits

Key success factors

A unique integration of industrial technologies using unsorted municipal and commercial &

industrial waste

MHT waste treatment

plant

Gasification process

combustion chamber

and boiler or heat

exchanger

waste

Steam for

Heat

Exchanger

Hot air for existing power

stations

Integrated Solutions

Gas

Production

Power Generation

Energy Consumer

Waste Supply

Waste

Process

Fibre Fuel

Production

Steam Generation

Heat exchanger

District cooling chilling

Desalination

MHT processing

plant

Moisture

Recyclates

Biomass fuel

Inert landfill

Municipal solid waste

(MSW)

sort screen shred mix

wet preparation

homogeneous feedstock

hot steam processor sanitised waste stream (mixed)

separation of refined biomass, light plastics; ferrous & non-ferrous metals, mixed plastics, glass, rubble, aggregate and residues

1 2 3

Waste to recyclates and biomass fuel

MHT in enclosed industrial building

MHT chimney stack

Unsorted Municipal Biodegradable waste

Low moisture, high packaging and food waste particularly in highly developed tourism centers. • Paper 18 -25% • Plastic 24 -40% • Organic 22- 45% • Metals 3% • Glass 3- 4% • Textiles 3-8% • Moisture 6%

Typical variances in GULF State Waste Profiles:

Municipal Solid Waste

Bulky/Hazardous items

Textile

Remover Trommel

Shredder

Homogeneous Stockpile

Feed Preparation

On receipt materials are screened and oversize materials are then shredded and homogenized with undersize materials to expose the largest surface area to treatment.

Air

separator

Wet Preparation Drum Patented

Processor

Recirculation

Fans

Emissions Control

Heat source

Burner/Recovered

Processed Material

From

Homogeneous

Stockpile

Heart of the Patented Process

Homogenized waste is wet prepped lifted and fragmented to expose the greatest surface area for heat treatment. Hot air is applied to the moistened materials createsing a hot steamy atmosphere in which the commodities are sanitized and the organics are broken down into unrefined renewable fuels. (waste water can be used)

Mechanical Heat Treatment

THE PROCESS

Standard Post Treatment Separation

Screen Classifier

Ferrous Metals Non Ferrous Metals Optical Sorter

Eddy Current

Granulator

Unrefined

Biomass/fines

Landfill

Mixed

Plastics

Plastic Film/

large card

MHT Sanitized Recyclate and Refined Fuel Products

Patented Biomass Density Separator

Step 1 Step 2

Air

Unrefined Biomass

Glass,

Rubble-

Aggregate

Air

Biomass with

Plastic

Biomass 95 -98%

‘Pure’ Light Plastics

Exhaust

Variable

Control

Refined Products

MHT Refined Fuel Products

Product made to a specific end user specification Proven alternative to fossil fuels or expensive imports Huge source of currently un-used energy, non seasonal

Renewable Electricity - Boilers (Steam Generation) - Gasification (Steam Generation) Green Heat for Energy Intensive Industries - Cement Kilns - Boilers

Road Transport Fuels * - Synthetic Diesel - Bio Ethanol * Dependant upon emerging technologies

Refined Renewable Fuel Products

• Solutions that identify wastes as a valuable raw material resource rather than an unwanted commodity

• Innovative technologies based on proven engineering design, process, systems and equipment in industrial buildings

• Direct acceptance of municipal and commercial waste with no need for pre-sorting or source segregation

• Solution for high rise, transient societies with limited environmental awareness where urbanization is the trend.

• Avoids expensive specialist collection receivers and vehicles. (Massive inefficiencies exist in collection and treatment across municipalities)

• Maximises value added recovery of premium quality reusable, recyclate products and refined consistent, quality biomass fuel

• Overall operating costs lower than other systems

MHT Delivers

• Tailors renewable fuels to precise end user specifications, biomass calorific values of fuels can be varied

• Links the waste recycling and energy sectors • Energy produced by the process fuels is more than 4 times that

consumed – high overall efficiency and positive energy balance • Traditional MBT low value waste refuse derived fuels are

limited to heat generation i.e. cement markets that will be impacted by Carbon Reduction Commitment “CRC”).

• Sustainable markets in the power generation sector to meet growing demand for the renewable fuels

• Greenhouse gas mitigation that address global concerns about carbon emissions

• Recovery rates exceed 90% minimising landfill residues, extending the lifecycle of scarce landfill capacity

MHT Delivers

• Waste collection – conventional

• Waste preparation – conventional shredding plant

• Homogenisation – conventional mineral processing

• Attrition, sanitisation and separation – proven

• Outputs (clean metals and plastics, biomass fuel and

feed to power plant) – proven

• Power generation through gasification/pyrolysis and

steam generation – proven

Linked Proven Technologies

Biomass fuel Gasification process

Syngas

Refined fuel 13-18 MJ/kg

Gasifier Combustion

Chamber

Boiler or heat

exchanger

heat

power

cooling

Biomass fuel to syngas and power generation

Gasification plant

Power Generation – Gasification / Steam Generation

Heat Recovery

Electrical Generation

Refined Products

Gasifier

• Will deliver a sustainable energy economy

• A technically / economically convincing energy solution for a carbon neutral economy.

• Uses chemical reactions at high temperatures, distinguishing it from biological processes such as dry fermentation.

• Converts carbon materials into carbon monoxide / hydrogen.

• Reacts at high temperatures in controlled amount of oxygen.

• Resulting syngas mixture can be used to generate electricity, heat or transformed into a diesel-like synthetic fuel.

• Uses organic materials, neither emits nor traps greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.

• The secret is in refining the fuel and biomass content to within acceptable tolerance range for gasification.

Gasification

MHT Processing Plant

Landfill

Rec

ycla

tes

Gasifier boiler or power production Plant

Users of Biomass fuels e.g. Power Plants MHT & power

Plants co-located

Commercial & Industrial Solid Waste

Municipal Solid Waste

Modern Integrated Thinking on Best Practice in Waste Management System

Collection, Segregation & Transport

Feed

Preparation

Thermal

Processing

Recyclate

Recovery

Fuel Products

Buffer Store

Heat Generation

Gassifier

Gas Cleaning

Boiler &

Turbine

Heat Recovery

(Condensers)

Recovered Heat

District Cooling Desalination PlantOr

Simplified Process Flow sheet – Waste Processing and Heat Generation

Fuel production circa 63% of waste input If Fuel production 100,000 tonnes Calorific Value Net 14MJ/kg Total energy content 49MW Thermal conversion 68% efficiency Thermal energy potential 33.3 MWth Electrical Conversion 34% efficiency plus grid losses. Electrical energy 11.3 MWe

Thermal recovery of energy is 3* more efficient vis Electrical energy conversion potential

• Steam turbine driven chillers are inherently variable

• Steam designed to satisfy (1/3) of cooling demand = energy costs reduced 10-15% compared with electric chiller plants = 30% reduction in electric demand dedicated to cooling.

• Desalination plants use large amounts of energy and specialized, expensive infrastructure and struggle to deliver water for less than $0.60 per thousand litres.

• Kuwait was first to adopt seawater desalination, linking electricity generation to desalination. Co-generation, re-uses low pressure waste steam from generators to provide energy for the desalination process minimizing energy and costs.

• SO WHY NOT USE WASTES ENERGY TO RUN DESALINATION / AC

Heat exchange benefits compared with generating electricity to run district cooling / desalination