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Chapter Five Sensation and Perception

Psyc 2301 chapter five powerpoint 1(1)(1)

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Page 1: Psyc 2301 chapter five powerpoint 1(1)(1)

Chapter Five

Sensation and Perception

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Sensation vs. Perception

Sensation –What comes into our body through our sensory organs

Perception –What our brain does with that information

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A Little Test

• Unscramble the words Activity

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The Expectancy Effect

• Our expectations (i.e., preconceptions about what we are supposed to perceive) can influence our perception.

• We just proved this through our experiment!

• (80-90% of students)

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How Do We Study Sensation?

Psychophysics• Study of the

relationship between a physical stimulus and your perception of it.

• Concerned mostly with physical attributes of the stimulus (e.g., amp & loudness).Gustav FechnerGustav Fechner

Father of Psychophysics

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In other words…

Psychophysics: The point• To learn about our senses by

pushing them to the limits

Example: the auditory system• – Play a sound very quietly• – Eventually it’ll be so quiet, you may not be

able to hear it• – Absolute threshold: the loudness that people

say they can hear the sound 50% of the time

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Sensory Adaptation

• Do you feel your clothes if they are still?

• How about hearing a sound that hums in

the background consistently?

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How do we know that we share the same reality?

• Color blindness• Blindness• Deafness• Schizophrenia

“There is no reality. There is only perception.”

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Sensory ProcessesSensory Processes

Visual information processingVisual information processing• Feature detectionFeature detection• Parallel processingParallel processing

Color visionColor vision• HueHue• SaturationSaturation• BrightnessBrightness• Color constancyColor constancy

p. 74p. 74

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Sensory ProcessesSensory Processes

Hearing (audition)Hearing (audition)• Sound wavesSound waves

AmplitudeAmplitude

O decibels – absolute thresholdO decibels – absolute threshold

85+ - produce hearing loss85+ - produce hearing loss

140+ - rock bands140+ - rock bands• Locating soundsLocating sounds

Sound shadowSound shadow EcholocationEcholocation

A demonstrationA demonstration

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Sensory ProcessesSensory Processes

Smell (olfaction)Smell (olfaction)• Age and sex differencesAge and sex differences

Taste (gustation)Taste (gustation)• Taste budsTaste buds• MicrovilliMicrovilli

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What’s that Smell Activity???

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Flavor Activity

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Attention and PerceptionAttention and Perception

**Unattended stimuli and pop-out stimuli**Unattended stimuli and pop-out stimuli• Cocktail party effectCocktail party effect• Pop-out stimuliPop-out stimuli

**Multi-tasking**Multi-tasking

• http://youtu.be/xO_oEGHWSMU

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Theories of PerceptionTheories of Perception

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Theories of PerceptionTheories of Perception

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Sensation and Perception - intro.ppt © 2001 Laura Snodgrass, Ph.D.

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Homework

• Read Chapter Six

• See you Thursday!