Printmaking

Roshni Patel

What is Printmaking?

Printmaking is the art of repetition. It requires a master plate to create replicas of it’s design. The design, material, and the colors are all chosen by the artist and can be made from a variety of techniques.

History The first ever relief prints were stamps and cut seals and brands which were used to mark prisoners and animals.

Clay tiles, wood, and metals, were the first molds or plates to paste images and symbols onto skin.

First PrintsThe first prints recorded, originated in China in 618 to 906 in the T’ang Dynasty. The printing was done with ink on carved wooden blocks, and then onto paper. This was called the Diamond Sutra.

MaterialsSome of the main materials that are used are linoleum, Styrofoam, metal, cardboard, and stone. However, materials vary for each technique.

An example of Lithography on stone

What are the Techniques of Printmaking?

Relief Printing

Intaglio

Lithography (Planography)

Stencil (Serigraphy)

Relief PrintingA design is carved into a block of wood or linoleum and colour is rolled over it by using a brayer. The resulting picture comes from the raised surface. The final image is reversed. 

Wood, linoleum, metal, and Styrofoam.

Relief: Historical Applications

Textiles

Decorations

Playing cards

Calendars

Book Illustrations.

Famous Relief Artists

Holbein the Younger

Fred Hagen

Vincent Van Gogh

Intaglio PrintingIntaglio is the opposite of relief printing. The ink is pushed into the lines carved and it is wiped off the surface of the plate. The final image comes from the ink in the carved lines. The final image is reversed. 

Metal & Plexiglas

Intaglio: Historical Applications

High quality magazines

Fabrics

Wallpaper

Postage Stamps

Currency

Famous Intaglio Artists

Pablo Picasso

Albrecht Dürer

Francisco Goya.

Lithography Printmaking

The image is drawn on limestone, the slab is treated so that the parts that were drawn onto the slab attract ink and the rest don’t. It is then sent through a press. The resulting image is reversed but it is the same image as the one drawn on the slab.

Materials: limestone, metal plate.

Lithography: Historical Applications

To create a large amount of prints

Newspapers

Posters

Magazines

Famous Lithography Artists

Edvard Munch

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec

Eugene Delacroix

Screen-Printing

Similar to stencil

The ink pushed through a stretched screen netting. The final image is not reversed.

Samuel Simon from Manchester, England invented it.

Paper, fabric, plastic, metal and much more

Screen-Printing Historical Applications

Screens

Posters

Cloth designs

Patterns

Signs

Textiles

Furniture.

Famous Screen-Printing Artists

Andy Warhol

Ben Shahn

Robert Guathmey.

Picture Citationshttps://www.etsy.com/market/branding_iron/2

http://www.rightreading.com/printing/gutenberg.asia/images/Diamond-Sutra.jpg

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_bXNdrXYPZ28/THPRx0Yr71I/AAAAAAAAFVE/NfkLQxKq74w/s1600/Picture+7.png

http://australianmuseum.net.au/Uploads/Images/9596/gould019_big.jpg

http://payload.cargocollective.com/1/2/72464/873114/Genko_ji_with_Peony_2010_ReliefPrint_16.5x22.jpg

http://mindfuldrawing.files.wordpress.com/2012/12/parceval.jpg

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Hiroshige_Van_Gogh_2.JPG

http://www.spielberg-ocr.com/MICR/engraving-us-money.jpg

http://www.frenchbanknotes.com/articles/create/images/f-046-08-a.jpg

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-FIKLjbsk4hc/Tm7PnwOJqaI/AAAAAAAABRc/Fax-pquBZyE/s640/IMG3.jpg

http://www.jerrythomasart.com/uploads/Jerry_Thomas_Pictures_for_Web__3_681. jpg

http://uploads6.wikipaintings.org/images/alphonse-mucha/art-nouveau-color-lithograph-poster-showing-a-seated-woman-clasping-the-hand-of-a-native-1903.jpg

http://www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/media/collection_images/4/488.1993%23% 23S.jpg

http://www.legendecelebrityart.com/wp-content/uploads/HENDRIX-PH-SCREEN-small-226x300.jpg

BibliographyBellis, Mary. "Timeline of Printing." About.com Inventors. About.com, 05 Mar. 2014. Web. 09 Apr. 2014. <http://inventors.about.com/od/pstartinventions/a/printing_3.htm>.

"The History Of Printmaking." Gabriela Martinez. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Apr. 2014. <http://gabrielamartinez.wordpress.com/the-history-of-printmaking/>.

"Printmaking Processes." Printmaking Processes. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Apr. 2014. <http://char.txa.cornell.edu/media/print/ print.htm>.