Visual Dictionary

Travertine

Air Barrier Paper•Definition: a membrane that is wrapped around the house. It is permeable to water vapor but not to liquid water or air. •Air Barrier paper is helping to keep the house watertight.

Soffit VentA soffit vent allows air to flow to rafter spaces without allowing bugs or insects to enter.

Ridge VentA ridge vent discharges air that enters through the soffit vent. It is designed to prevent snow or rain from entering.

Gable VentGable vent is designed to discharge air that enters through the soffit vent

Roof TurbineA roof turbine utilizes the wind to suck out air from the attic.

Backhoe•A piece of excavating equipment consisting of a digging bucket on the end of a two-part articulated arm. •A backhoe’s purpose is dig holes or trenches or transport dirt from one spot to another with its swinging boom. •Bucket of width 18”

Batter Boards

• A temporary frame built just outside the corner of an excavation to carry marks that lie on the surface planes of the basement that will be built in the excavation.

• Used to determine the desired level and also as a fastening for stretched strings to indicate the outlines of foundation walls

Arch Type 1• Segmental Arch with rowlock course

Arch Type #2• Roman

Arch with Keystone

CenteringCentering is a type of jig that assists in constructing an arch. It supports the arch until it is completed enough to support its own weight.

Brick Bond #1: Running• A running bond is made up of stretchers laid end to end. Each course is offset to the course beneath.

Brick Bond #2: Common (with headers)• A common bond is similar to a running bond, except every sixth course is a course of headers.

Brick Bonds: Rowlock

Brick Bond: Header

Brick Bond: Soldier

Brick Bonds: Sailor

Stretcher rowlocksNo picture

Brick Size 1•Modular Brick•7 5/8” by 2 ¼ “ by 3 5/8”

Brick Size 2•Utility Brick•11 5/8” by 3 5/8” by 3 ½”

BulldozerA bulldozer is a large piece of equipment used to push large amounts of rubble, sand, or dirt during construction.

Brick Clad Structure

EFIS clad structure

Stone clad structureCoursed ashlar pattern

Wood clad structure

Wood shake clad structure•Wood shake: a shingle split from a block of wood•Wood shingle: water resistant wood nailed in an overlapping pattern to create a watertight wall or roof.•This building is made of wood shakes

Window EgressWidth: 33”Height: 28”Area: 924 sq. in. Or 6.4 sq. ftSill Height: 21”

IBC requirements•Minimum width: 20”•Minimum height: 24”•Minimum area: 5.7 sq. ft.•Maximum sill height: 44”

•This window meets the requirements for an egress window because it exceeds all of the requirements

Stair requirementsRiser: 7 ½”Tread: 10”

IBC requirements:• riser maximum: 7 ¾” •Tread minimum: 10”

•This stair does meet the IBC requirements because the riser height is less than the maximum and the tread width is equal to the minimum

Control Joint•A intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure designed to forma plane of weakness where cracking can occur.

Isolation Joint•An intentional joint between two adjacent structures which are not in direct contact.•This is joining two slabs of a wall.

Concrete Masonry Unit•CMU is a large rectangular, concrete brick used in construction in walls, foundations, and reinforcement. •Standard size of CMU is 8” by 8” by 16”

Decorative CMU: split block

Decorative CMU: ribbed block

Exterior flush doorNo picture

Exterior Panel Door•Panel

•Stile

•Top Rail

•Bottom Rail

•Lock Rail

Transom•A small window directly above a door

Sidelights•A tall narrow window alongside a door

Power Pole with Transformer• An electrical device that changes the voltage of alternating current.

Service Head•The assembly by which electricity is conducted from outdoor lines to the meter base.

Electrical Meter•Where the amount of electricity used in a house is measured.

Service Panel•Distributes electrical current to various circuits around a home

Duplex Receptacle A place where two electrical devices can be connected to an electric circuit.

Framing Elements #1Anchor Bolt

Framing Elements #2Sill plate

Framing Elements #3Floor Joist

Framing Elements #4Subfloor

Framing Elements #5Sole Plate

Framing Elements #6Stud

Framing Elements #7Top Plate

Framing Elements #8Ceiling Joist

Framing Elements #9Rafter

Framing Elements #10Roof Decking

Framing Elements #11Sheathing

Framing Elements #12Stringer

Front End Loader•A front end loader is a tractor that has a front mounted square wide bucket connected to the end of two arms to scoop up loose material from the ground, such as dirt, sand or gravel, and move it from one place to another without pushing the material across the ground.•It is different from a bulldozer because it picks up the material instead of pushing it •It is different from a backhoe because it is not designed to dig, but to trasnport.

Gypsum Board•An interior facing panel consisting of gypsum core sandwiched between paper faces. Also called drywall

Heat Pumps

• Advantage: Heat pumps do not pollute the atmosphere with byproducts of combustion.

• Disadvantage: they are not very efficient in climates with extended periods of freezing temperatures

Compressor/condensorRefrigerant gas is compressed to high pressure/temperature where it is cooled to generate cool air which is then blown throughout the house.

Air Handling UnitThis air handling unit is exhausting air from a building while recovering much of the heat from the exhausted air and transferring it to the incoming air

Batt Insulation•Facing is often stapled to studs and it’s purpose is to slow the transfer of air from one side of a wall to the other.

Loose fill insulationShreds of material often used in ceilings that is meant to retard the passage of air to the attic or from one side of a wall to the other.

Foamed InsulationFoam sprayed into cavities between studs to prevent the passage of air from one side of a wall to the other.

Rigid Board InsulationComes in 4 by 8 sheets of polystyrene and is places on studs with fasteners to prevent the passage of air from one side of a wall to another.

LintelA beam that carries the load of a wall across an opening

Mortar Joint #1• Tooled joint• 3/8” • Used on new Student Center building• Probably mortar type N

Mortar Joint #2• Tooled Joint• 3/8”• Used on Dudley• Probably type N

Oriented Strand Board•A non-veneered panel produce composed of long shreds of wood fiber oriented in specific directions and bonded together under pressure.•It is made from layers of thin rectangular wooden strips that are compressed and bonded together with an adhesive.

LavatoryPipe size used to drain this lavatory: 1 ½”

Water Closet3” drain pipe

BathtubNo picture

Roof Plumbing VentA system that removes gases produced by sewage and greywater waste.

SinkIntegral Sink

PlywoodPlywood: a wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bonded together under pressure.Veneer: a thin layer, sheet, or facing

Radiant BarrierNo picture

Rebar•#4 rebar•The purpose of the deformations or ribs around the rebar is to allow the concrete to grip onto it.

Gutter•A channel that collects rainwater and snowmelt at the eave of a roof.

Downspout•A vertical pipe for conducting water from a roof to a lower leve.

Splashblock•A small precast block of concrete or plastic used to divert water at the bottom of a downspout.

Underlayment• a waterproof material that is laid between roof sheathing and shingles.•Its purpose is to keep water from coming into contact with sheathing and rotting it.

Clay Tile Roof

Shingles

• Definition: A small unit of water-resistant material nailed in overlapping fashion with many other such units to render a wall or sloping roof watertight.

Shingled roof (not asphalt shingles)Metal

Metal Panel Roof•This is an aluminized steel roof

Gable Roof

Gambrel Roof

Hip Roof

Mansard RoofNo Picture

RidgeA level intersection of two roof lanes in a gable roof

ValleyA trough formed by the intersection of two roof slopes.

EaveThe horizontal edge at the low side of a sloping roof

RakeThe sloping edge of a steep roof

SoffitThe undersurface of a horizontal element of a building, especially the underside of a stair or a roof overhang

FasciaThe exposed vertical face with an eave.

Building without fascia

Stone: Random, rubbledNo picture

Stone: Rubbled, coursed

Stone: Ashlar, random

Stone: Coursed, ashlar

Vapor RetarderNo picture

Waterproofing •An impervious membrane applied to the outside of a foundation•Liquid applied

Weep Hole• A weep hole is a small hole left in the outer wall of masonry construction as an outlet for water inside the wall to move outside and evaporate.

Welded Wire Fabric6” by 6”

Window #1: Casement•This is an out swinging casement window because it is hinged along one side.

Window #2: Single-hung•This is a single-hung window because it has two overlapping sashes and the lower slides vertically in tracks and the upper is fixed.

Window #3•This is a hopper window because the sash tilts on the sill.