IOT Sprinkler

23/4/15Son Vuong Resonance Lab University

of California Irvine1

Senior Design Project

Environmental Monitoring SystemOptimizing Horticulture Irrigation

Team EnMon

Son Vuong Nathan Wu

Tristan Delforge Cameron Samak

Tuesday, March 10, 2015


of California Irvine2 2


Image source: National Climatic Data Center/NESDIS/NOAA

470mm Average

<200mm in 2013

U.S. Geological Survey 2010• 61% of water in California is used for irrigation

Scientific America• Sprinklers can consume 265 gallons/hour

Background




3Tristan Delforge, Cameron Samak, Son Vuong, Nathan Wu

EECS 159AB Fall 2014- Winter 2015 University of California Irvine


04/15/23

Problem Irrigation systems make up more than half of California’s water usage.

Proposed Solution Develop a method to reduce water usage by irrigation systems.

Objective

Image source: Nealyphoto.com




1. Market Researcha. Cyber Rainb. HydroPoint WeatherTRAKc. Weathermatic

2. Project Overviewa. Design requirementsb. System topology

3. Subsystemsa. Communications1. Sensorsa. Embedded controllersb. Graphical user interface

4. Project Managementa. Prototype Testingb. Future Work

Overview




Description• Mount on existing automatic sprinkler

systems. • Synchronizes with internet weather data to

modify irrigation schedule.




Description• Combines weather data and landscape parameters

(plant, soil, slope and sprinkler type) to establish optimum watering schedule.




Description• Weather sensor, Flow Sensor, Valve.• All components are sold separately. • Shuts-off on rainy days.




Cost $799 for 8 Zones $2274 for 48 Zones $500 for 8 Zones

Spec

•2 mile range•Wireless•120VAC

•Wired/Wireless•120VAC

•475m range from controller•Wired/Wireless•DC and AC

Pros

•Easy installation•Easy maintenance•Low Cost

•Independent of internet•Complete system package•Independent schedule per zone

•Independent of internet•Used in sunlight or shade

Cons

•Does not measure local parameters•Internet dependent•Small area coverage

•Maximum of 48 stations•Customers report small coverage•Insignificant water saving•Chaotic system management

•Components sold separately•Complicated installation process





Spec




Pros




Cons








Spec




Pros




Cons







1. Competitive Cost (Less than $100 per zone)2. Scalable system3. Internet independent4. Zone specific watering schedule5. Central management system6. Ease of use/installation/maintenance

Design Requirements

Target Market : Large scale farms greater than 100 acres




System Topology

Sensor

Main Controller

Centralized system management and analysis

Collection of local environment data to improve accuracy




System Topology

Sensor

Main Controller

100 square acre plot of land




System Topology

Sensor

Main Controller





System Topology

Sensor

Main Controller





System Topology

Sensor

Main Controller


Zone Controller




System Topology

Sensor

Main Controller


Zone Controller




Analogy

Sensor

Main Controller


Zone Controller

ISP

Router

Wireless Devices

Router




System Topology




System Topology

Data Bottleneck

Low Sample Rate(Sample/10min)




System Topology

Data Bottleneck

Low Sample Rate




Why Wireless Sensors?Simplicity and Ease of Installation!




System Topology




Functional Block Diagram








Overview




Type Architecture Active Connection Rate (MBps)

Range (m) Addressing Topology

BTLE Asynchronous Client/Server Connection-Less 1 1/10/100 16-bit/

128-bit PSP, PicoNet, Star-Bus

ZigBee Asynchronous/Isochronous Connection-Less 0.25 30/100 Self

Addressing P2P, PicoNet, Mesh, Star

Wifi 110/300 70/250 Access Point, Ad-Hoc, Mesh

Communications




Bill of Materials Sensors

Part Description QtyUni

tCost Total

60166DHT11 - Temp and Relative Humidity

11.4

61.46 1.46

FW1S Soil Hygrometer 11.0

61.06 1.06

2.52 Total

Sensors




Embedded Controllers

1. Technical support documentation2. Reduced cost3. Availability4. Low barrier to entry5. Does it meet design specifications?

What we wanted

1. Microchip PIC24F microcontroller with separate transceivera. Meets requirements aboveb. Development kits available through mentor’s labc. Mature technology.

2. Atmel microcontrollersa. Meets requirements aboveb. Team member experience in chip use

What we decided





Microchip Transceiver PowerO/P Tx Rx Range

Type Part Number Module dBm mA mA ft Cost Package InterfacesBlueTooth RN4020-V/RM TxRx 7 16 16 328 8.84 SM UART, SPI

2.4GHzMiWi, MiWi, P2P ZigBee

MRF24J40 TxRx 0 23 19 3.30 QFN SPIMRF24XA TxRx -17.5 25 13 2.51 QFN SPIMRF24J40MA TxRx 0 23 19 400ft 9.12 Module SPIMRF24J40MC TxRx 19 120 25 4000ft 16.2 Module SPIMRF24J40MD TxRx 20 77 25 4000ft 15.9 Module SPI

SubGHzMiWi, MiWi, P2P ZigBee

MRF89XA TxRx 12.4 25 3 30-330 2.44 QFN SPIMRF49XA TxRx 7 15 11 2.40 TSSOP SPIMRF89XAM8A /9A TxRx 10 25 3 7.95 Module SPI





Microchip Transceiver PowerO/P Tx Rx Range

Type Part Number Module dBm mA mA ft Cost Package InterfacesBlueTooth RN4020-V/RM TxRx 7 16 16 328 8.84 SM UART, SPI

2.4GHzMiWi, MiWi, P2P ZigBee

MRF24J40 TxRx 0 23 19 3.30 QFN SPIMRF24XA TxRx -17.5 25 13 2.51 QFN SPIMRF24J40MA TxRx 0 23 19 400ft 9.12 Module SPIMRF24J40MC TxRx 19 120 25 4000ft 16.2 Module SPIMRF24J40MD TxRx 20 77 25 4000ft 15.9 Module SPI

SubGHzMiWi, MiWi, P2P ZigBee

MRF89XA TxRx 12.4 25 3 30-330 2.44 QFN SPIMRF49XA TxRx 7 15 11 2.40 TSSOP SPIMRF89XAM8A /9A TxRx 10 25 3 7.95 Module SPI





Atmel ATMEGA256RFR2Integrated microcontroller and transceiver

MicrochipPIC24FJ64GB002 microcontrollerMRF24J40MA transceiver





Bill of Materials Atmel

Part Description QtyUni

tCost Total

ATZB-256RFR2-XPRO

Atmel Integrated QFN Chip

17.2

07.20 7.20

7.20 TotalBill of Materials MicroChip

Part DescriptionQty

Unit

Cost Total

PIC24FJ64GB002-I/SP

MicroChip microcontroller

13.6

43.64 3.64

MRF24J40MA-I/RM

MicroChip Transceiver Module

19.1

29.12 9.12

12.76

Total




Bill of Materials

Prototype PartsPart Description Qty Unit Cost Total

PIC24FJ64GB002-I/SP

MicroChip microcontroller (SPDIP) 4 3.64 14.56 14.56

MRF24J40MA-I/RM MicroChip Transceiver Module 3 9.12 27.36 27.36

60166DHT11 Module - Temp and Rel Humidity

3 1.46 4.38 4.38

FW1S Soil Hygrometer 3 1.06 3.18 3.18ATZB-256RFR2-XPRO

Atmel Integrated 2 29.00 58.00 58.00

ATAVRDRAGON Atmel Debugger/Programmer 1 49.00 49.00 49.00

DV164130 PICkit 3 Starter Kit 1 64.95 64.95 64.95

N/A Arduino Uno 1 24.95 24.95 24.95

246.38 Total

Bill of Materials Sensors

60166DHT11 Module - Temp and Rel Humidity

1 1.46 1.46 1.46

FW1S Soil Hygrometer 1 1.06 1.06 1.065.52 TotalBill of Materials Atmel

ATZB-256RFR2-XPRO

Atmel Integrated QFN Chip 1 7.20 7.20 7.20

7.20 TotalBill of Materials MicroChipPIC24FJ64GB002-I/SP

MicroChip microcontroller (SPDIP) 1 3.64 3.64 3.64

MRF24J40MA-I/RM MicroChip Transceiver Module 1 9.12 9.12 9.1212.76 Total








Overview




Project Management













•A working sensor prototype that collects sensor data and transmits it.

•A node used to relay sensor data to a main node.

•A graphical user interface that retrieves sensor data.

•A working demonstration of our system to collect data from sensors and display it on a graphical user interface.

•A final report describing our system, our design process and next stages of development.

Project Management

Deliverables




Prototype Testing

• Fetching soil sensor data onto Atmel microcontroller

• Transfer sensor data between three sensors in wireless

• Convert raw data on computer

• Display data on GUI




Future Work

• Implement more types of sensors, such as air humidity and temperature sensors.

• Implement QFN to scale down the size of the chip

• Case all the components

• Field testing for the product under different weather.

• Power and performance testing

Career

IOT Sprinkler