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Motivations, practices, and
politics of open data in Cape Town, South Africa Britta Ricker, PhD
University of Washington TacomaUrban Studies &
Geospatial Technologies
What was the first thing you did this morning ?
An improved sanitation facility is defined as one that hygienically separates
human excreta from human contact.
Globally 2.4 billion people live without access to improved sanitation: Almost 1 billion of these practice open defecation.
Informal Settlements
Dreams, bricks and bodies: mapping ‘neglected spatialities’ in African Cape Town (Dierwechter, 2004)
• Dreams = planning, bricks= informal retail and bodies= pre-entrepreneurs
• Neglected spatialities of contemporary urban experiences
• ‘informailty’ has been part of the post apartheid solution in Cape Town (p. 977)
Power of Maps
Knowledge politics: – greater weight given to knowledge expressed as quantitative or
represented in cartographic forms
Risk reproducing inequalities. Call for active engagement to
combat inequalities through modern forms of mapping.
(Elwood, 2015)
Smart Cities Could help?
Taxonomy of data sources associated with “Smart Cities”
Smart CitiesData Sources
Ambient
Internet of Things
Big Data
Directed Open Data
Open Data!
The open data movement – the story goes – could variably democratize data access and knowledge production, unite cities and citizens, encourage transparent governance, strengthen democracy, and advance cities socially and economically (see European Commission, 2014; Sieber & Johnson, 2015; Zuiderwijk & Janssen, 2014).
Grand proclamations have been met by a burgeoning critique however, which has identified its limited inroads outside of the wealthy cities of the Global North, co-optation by hackers and corporations (Kitchin, 2014),
reinforcement of power relations (Gurstein, 2011), as well as concerns about neoliberal logics (Bates, 2012) and threats to social justice (Johnson, 2014).
World Design Capital 2014Cape Town = Open Data
Models of open data provision (Sieber & Johnson 2015)
oData over the wall: Government publishing of open data
oCode exchange: Government as open data activist
oCivic issue tracker: Data from citizens to government
o Participatory open data: open data as open government
Civic Open Data at a Crossroad(Sieber & Johnson 2015)
o Conflicting motivations for open datao Shifting role of governmento Fragility of mission accomplished
Cape Town: Data Over the Wall
other models are emerge…
• Code exchange: open data activist
• Civic issue tracker: Data from citizens to government
• Participatory open data: open data as open government
Violence Prevention
through Urban Upgrading
Mobile Asset Management
Mobile Asset Management
Public Participatory GIS
Public Participatory GIS
Public Participatory GIS
Cape Town: Data Over the Wall
Code for South Africa
Civic Hacking“Easter Egg Hunts”
Data JournalismLiving Wage Calculator
Code for Cape Town @code4ct
Code for Cape Town @code4ct
Hector Eliott@hectoreliott Head of Ministry: Transport and Public WorksWestern Cape
Open Data Observed
oData over the walloCode exchangeoCivic issue trackero Participatory open data
Context
Data are there for you to comb
• Open data is an unfamiliar concept• People don’t want to share data• People don’t know how to contribute• People don’t understand GIS
Data are there for you to comb
• Open data is an unfamiliar concept• People don’t want to share data• People don’t know how to contribute• People don’t understand GIS
These are not barriers for YOU!
You can help! = Tourism
Cape Town has penguins
Digital Volunteer Tourism
The Path Forward: home and abroad
• Lessons Learned – HOST An EASTER
EGG HUNT!– Build tools for those who
can use them• Make Maps post them
on the web• Write emails & tweet to
leaders
Thanks!
Financial Support: University of Washington Office of Global Affairs Strategic International Partnership AwardAcknowledgments: Yonn Dierwechter, Don Shay, Chris Berens (VPUU) Adi Eyal (Code4SA).
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