Transport and Neighbourhoods

Hank Dittmar, Chief Executive

The Prince’s Foundation for the Built Environment

What is Transit Oriented Development?

• Location Efficiency‐ conscious placement of homes in proximity to transit

• Rich Mix of Choices‐ activities within walking distance

• Value Capture‐ transit’s ability to shift transportation expenditures to wealth‐building activities such as home ownership • Placemaking‐ Attractive and pedestrian friendly places • Resolution of the tension between node

and place‐ appropriate local context of a regional system

From Dittmar and Poticha, New Transit Town, Best Practices in Transit Oriented Development, Island Press, 2004

Network Coverage is Key

Healthy Growth

The Polycentric City

Location Efficiency

LOCATION EFFICIENCY

0 300 600 900450

300

150

2

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

Ann

ual

VMT/

Hou

seho

ld

Zonal Transit Density

Hh/Res Acre

Impact of Density and Transit on DrivingSan Francisco Bay Area

Detached houses: 3.7 units/acre

Terraced houses with integrated

parking: 19.4 units/acre

Mid-rise mansion / perimeter

block flats: 170 units/acre

Location Efficiency and Density

.

Density benefit

Center for Neighborhood Technology and Reconnecting America

Chicago Metropolitan Area

Center for Neighborhood Technology and Reconnecting

Exemplar: Walthamstow, London , England

Location Efficiency in London

Transport-based CO2 Calculator• The PFBE has also developed a statistical model that allows users to change these variables (such as

would be the case for new developments) and then estimate the new amount of CO2 emissions that would result.

Screen 3 Calculate CO2 emissions for a Proposed New Development A description explaining the input options will be provided within the interface

‘Fitness’ modelHealth care closer to home

A - Networked B – Co-located

vs.

Comparison between two distribution and arrangement models in terms of accessibility:

- av. dist. to GP = ? m - av. journey time = ?

Estimating catchment

G

Population density 65 / ha Area / person 150 m Patients / GP 2200 393,000 m Catchment area / GP

2

2

Avg. walking time to GP

16.8 minutesAvg. distance to a GP

1408 metres

Population within 10 minute walk

32%Tonnes of CO2

per annum

211.61025

(45%)

11.5

(37%)58%

(-56%)

113

(90%)

Existin

Impact assessment –

Summary

90

http://www.transect.org/

TOD Module: Smart Code 9.2,

Questions?