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Part 4: How to Organize,Part 4: How to Organize,Manage, and Operate the BusinessManage, and Operate the Business
10.10. How to Obtain and Manage Human How to Obtain and Manage Human Resources and Diversity in Small Resources and Diversity in Small CompaniesCompanies
11.11. How to Maintain Relationships with Your How to Maintain Relationships with Your Employees and Their RepresentativesEmployees and Their Representatives
12.12. Obtain and Laying Out Operating Obtain and Laying Out Operating FacilitiesFacilities
13.13. Purchasing, Inventory, and Quality Purchasing, Inventory, and Quality ControlControl
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Chapter 10Chapter 10How to Obtain and How to Obtain and
Manage Human Manage Human Resources and Resources and
Diversity in Small Diversity in Small CompaniesCompanies
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
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How To Obtain AndManage Human Resources And
Diversity In Small Companies
Planning Human Resource NeedsPlanning Human Resource NeedsSources & Methods For RecruitingSources & Methods For RecruitingEmployee DevelopmentEmployee DevelopmentManagers vs. NonmanagersManagers vs. NonmanagersLaws Of Recruiting, Selection, Laws Of Recruiting, Selection, & Development & DevelopmentCompensation & BenefitsCompensation & BenefitsEmployee Health & SafetyEmployee Health & Safety
Ch
apte
r
9
10 - 3
Keith Brofsky/Getty Images
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10 - 4McGraw-Hill/Irwin
StaffingStaffing“…“…planning for, planning for,
recruiting, selecting, recruiting, selecting, and training and and training and
developing developing employees, as well as employees, as well as compensating them compensating them
and providing for their and providing for their health and safety.”health and safety.”
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10 - 5
Median Age- U.S.Median Age- U.S.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Source. U,S Census Bureau, www. Census.gov
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10 - 6
Planning HR NeedsPlanning HR NeedsJob DescriptionJob Description
oDutiesDutiesoResponsibilitiesResponsibilitiesoWorking ConditionsWorking ConditionsoRelationshipsRelationships
Job Specification- Job Specification- QualificationsQualificationsoMentalMentaloPhysicalPhysicaloOtherOther
Jacobs Stock Photography/Getty Images
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10 - 7
Components: JobComponents: JobDescription & SpecificationDescription & Specification
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10 - 8
CharacteristicsCharacteristicsof Job Seekersof Job Seekers
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Willing to ChangeIndustries
Accept Low Salary
Accept Lesser JobTitle
Willing to Relocate
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10 - 9
Sources Of EmployeesSources Of Employees
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10 - 10
Tips To Aid RecruitingTips To Aid Recruiting
1)1)Current Employees/FeeCurrent Employees/Fee
2)2)SeniorsSeniors
3)3)InternshipsInternships
4)4)Church BulletinChurch Bulletin
5)5)Specific Job-Related Specific Job-Related TalentsTalents
Royalty-Free/CORBIS
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10 - 11
Methods Of RecruitingMethods Of Recruiting
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10 - 12
Techniques For SelectionTechniques For Selection
Preliminary Screening/InterviewPreliminary Screening/InterviewApplication/Resume’Application/Resume’TestingTestingIn-Depth InterviewIn-Depth InterviewReferencesReferencesPhysical ExamPhysical ExamJudgmentJudgmentOrientationOrientation
Keith Brofsky/Getty Images
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10 - 13
TestingTestingValidValidRelates To Relates To
PerformancePerformanceTypesTypes
oIntelligenceIntelligence
oAptitudeAptitude
oProficiencyProficiency Jack Hollingsworth/Getty Images
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10 - 14
Interview Topics To AvoidInterview Topics To Avoid
ChildrenChildrenAgeAgeDisabilitiesDisabilitiesPhysical Physical
CharacteristicsCharacteristicsCitizenshipCitizenship
NameName
LawsuitsLawsuits
Arrest RecordArrest Record
SmokingSmoking
AIDS/HIVAIDS/HIV
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10 - 15
Strategies At InterviewStrategies At Interview
1)1) Stick To Pre-Determined Stick To Pre-Determined QuestionsQuestions
2)2) Do Not Make An Do Not Make An Emotional Hiring Emotional Hiring DecisionDecision
3)3) Dig DeepDig Deep4)4) Be Very Clear About Job Be Very Clear About Job
Performance ExpectationsPerformance Expectations
Ryan McVay/Getty Images
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10 - 16
Training &Training &Developing EmployeesDeveloping Employees
Business Effectiveness Business Effectiveness Depends on EmployeesDepends on Employees
Inherent Abilities of Inherent Abilities of EmployeesEmployees
Development Through:Development Through: TrainingTraining EducationEducation ExperienceExperience
MotivationMotivation
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10 - 17
Results of Effective TrainingResults of Effective Training
+Increased ProductivityIncreased Productivity
+Reduced TurnoverReduced Turnover
+Increased Employee Increased Employee EarningsEarnings
+Decreased CostsDecreased Costs
+Less Supervision NeededLess Supervision Needed
+Improved Employee Improved Employee SatisfactionSatisfaction
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10 - 18
Types Of TrainingTypes Of Training
On-The-JobOn-The-JobApprenticeshipApprenticeshipInternshipInternshipCross-TrainingCross-TrainingE-TrainingE-TrainingOutside HelpOutside Help
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10 - 19
On-The-Job Training StepsOn-The-Job Training Steps
• Tell WhatTell What
• Tell HowTell How
• Show HowShow How
• Let Them Under Let Them Under GuidanceGuidance
• Right/Wrong/CorrectionRight/Wrong/Correction
• RepeatRepeat
Ryan McVay/Getty Images
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10 - 20
On-The-Job TrainingOn-The-Job Training
AdvantagesAdvantagesLow CostLow CostProduction Production
ContinuesContinuesNo No
TransitionTransitionEducates & Educates &
MotivatesMotivates
DisadvantagesDisadvantages
Excessive WasteExcessive Waste
Poor Poor EnvironmentEnvironment
Owner/Manager Owner/Manager May Not Be Best May Not Be Best TrainerTrainer
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10 - 21
Developing ManagersDeveloping Managers
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10 - 22
Equal OpportunityEqual Opportunity& Affirmative Action& Affirmative Action
LawsLaws EnactedEnacted
Title VII, Civil Rights ActTitle VII, Civil Rights Act 19641964
Executive Order 11246Executive Order 11246 19651965Age Discrimination In Age Discrimination In
EmploymentEmployment 19671967
Vocational RehabilitationVocational Rehabilitation 19731973Vietnam-Era Veterans Vietnam-Era Veterans
ReadjustmentReadjustment 19741974
Americans With DisabilitiesAmericans With Disabilities 19901990
Civil Rights ActCivil Rights Act 19911991
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10 - 23
EEOC RegulationsEEOC Regulations
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10 - 24
Compensating EmployeesCompensating EmployeesPaycheck for
Dept. of Treasurer
John Doe
Paycheck for
D ate
Dept. of T
reasurer
Jane Doe
Da te Legal InfluencesLegal InfluencesPaycheck for
Dept. of Treasurer
John Doe
Paycheck for
D ate
Dept. of T
reasurer
Jane Doe
Da te Setting Rates Of PaySetting Rates Of PayPaycheck for
Dept. of Treasurer
John Doe
Paycheck for
D ate
Dept. of T
reasurer
Jane Doe
Da te MotivationMotivation Merit IncreasesMerit Increases Incentive PaymentsIncentive Payments Profit SharingProfit Sharing CommissionsCommissions BonusesBonuses Push Money/SpiffPush Money/Spiff
Steve Cole/Getty Images
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10 - 25
States WithStates WithHigher Minimum WagesHigher Minimum Wages
Steve Cole/Getty Images
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10 - 26
Required Employee BenefitsRequired Employee Benefits
Social Security/MedicareSocial Security/MedicareoSocial Security – 6.2%Social Security – 6.2%
oMedicare – 1.45%Medicare – 1.45%
Unemployment Unemployment InsuranceInsurance
Workers’ CompensationWorkers’ CompensationFamily/Medical LeaveFamily/Medical Leave
C. Sherburne/PhotoLink/Getty Images
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10 - 27
VoluntaryVoluntaryEmployee BenefitsEmployee Benefits
Health/Accident InsuranceHealth/Accident InsuranceLife/Disability InsuranceLife/Disability InsuranceSick LeaveSick LeaveIncome MaintenanceIncome MaintenancePay For Time OffPay For Time OffEmployee Services & OtherEmployee Services & OtherFlexible BenefitsFlexible Benefits Royalty-Free/CORBIS
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10 - 28
Pension/Retirement PlansPension/Retirement Plans
Defined-ContributionDefined-Contribution
Defined-BenefitDefined-Benefit
401(k)401(k)
Ryan McVay/Getty Images
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10 - 29
FactorsFactorsAffecting Health/SafetyAffecting Health/Safety
IndustryIndustryOccupationOccupationHuman VariablesHuman Variables
Job SatisfactionJob SatisfactionPersonal CharacteristicsPersonal CharacteristicsManagement AttitudeManagement Attitude
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10 - 30
OccupationalOccupationalSafety & HealthSafety & Health
Act- 1993Act- 1993
Regulations- 1996Regulations- 1996
Employee RightsEmployee Rights
Employer Obligations & Employer Obligations & RightsRights
EnforcementEnforcement
Environmental Protection Environmental Protection Agency- Created In 1970Agency- Created In 1970