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Psychology revolves around understanding all the things humans do and reasons behind these behaviors.
Why is this field worthwhile?
Wilhelm Wundt- “Founder of Psychology” – 1879
Why is he important?
What did he study in his lab?
First 2 differing viewpoints:
1.) Structuralism- Edward Titchener◦ Psychology should analyze consciousness into basic
elements and investigate relationships.◦ What was studied? What techniques used?
2.) Functionalism- William James◦ Psychologists should study function (or purpose) of
consciousness, not just structure.◦ What was studied? What were major influences?
What do you think of when you hear this name?
Unconscious- Thoughts below surface of our awareness◦ Major determinant of all our behavior
Behaviorists believe we should only study observable behavior
Clear stance towards Nurture side of Nature/Nurture Debate:
B.F. Skinner
Nature- Behavior is determined by genes (genetic inheritance)
Nurture- Behavior is determined by our environment and experience.
Humanists emphasized unique human qualities, freedom, and potential for personal growth.
Cognitive psychology- Psychologists study cognition (mental processes involved in behavior)◦ Became prominent in 1950’s and 1960’s
Evolutionary Psychology- Examines behavior in terms of what is important for survival or reproduction