0 2015 SK Telecom Confidential

1 2015 SK Telecom Confidential

Quantum crypto system as network equipment

Reliability

Service availability : 99.999 % (~ 5 min break per year)

Redundancy (1:1 or N+1 modules, cards, chassis, links & network architecture)

Monitoring & management

Low cost for Capex, Opex

Low equipment price

Low deployment price (dark fiber, reach)

Topology (degree of freedom)

In service upgradability

Foot print (box size)

Expandability & interoperability

Common part & modules or cards

ATCA platform

: Advanced Telecommunication & Computing Architecture

2 2015 SK Telecom Confidential

< SK Telecom’s quantum cryptography system>

40 Gbps encryptor

(4 ports 10G)

(Ethernet, SONET)

Quantum key server

(Optical Part)

Quantum key server

(Signal Processing Part)

Control & Switch

ATCA

Chassis size 19 inch, 12U (14 slot) / 6U (6 slot); Shelf supplier dependent

QKD unit 2 slot

10Gbps encryptor unit 1 slot (bidirectional 4 ch.) ※ Max 80 slot (800Gbps)

Quantum key distribution

Secure key rate > 10 kbps @ 50km

Protocol BB84 with unique phase modulation + decoy protocol and modified Winnow error correction

Random number generator High speed quantum random number generator (2 Gbps)

Encryption

Network protocols 10 GbE, 10G OTN (40G/100G Ethernet/OTN planned to be provided)

Algorithm AES-GCM or ARIA-GCM

Latency < 10 microseconds

Random number generator Quantum random number generator

SKT QKD system is based on ATCA(Advanced Telecommunication and Computing

Architecture) and easily extend the capacity of encrypted data by adding encryptor slots.

Additionally, SKT is developing more flexible platform like QKD sever only, etc.

SKT Quantum Cryptography System overview

3 2015 SK Telecom Confidential

Bun-dang (SKT)

Seong-nam

Center

Su-won

Center

Yong-in

Center

Yang-pyung

Center

Total 17.4Km

Total 43Km

Total 68Km

Total 107Km

B

A D

C

Dae- jeon

(KISTI)

A A

C E

Present

SKT

200Km

KISTI

Future(~19.5)

Trusted Node

Metro

area

Metro

area

QKD System

QKD Test bed : Korea government project with SKT

SKT and Korea government launched QKD national test bed with 5 locations in Bun-dang

SKT R&D center network and Dae-jeon national R&D center(KISTI) network

(This is not for real data traffic)

• Developing long distance QKD (Trusted Node) : ~end of ‘17

※ current distance limit of QKD: 80km ~ 100km

• Trusted Node support Add/Drop of keys and NxN network

※ Currently end to end

Total 11Km

4 2015 SK Telecom Confidential

SKT Bundang

35km

SK Telecom

Internet

Backbone

Switching hub

Switching hub

10G/E 10G/E 1G/E

10G/E

Wi-FI AP

Quantum Channel

(Dark Fiber)

Crossing

The Han river

SKT Commercial QKD Network with real data traffic

SKT deployed QKD system into its Wi-Fi commercial metro network from Feb of 2016

100% uptime to date.

SKT Seong-su SKT Bun-dang

5 2015 SK Telecom Confidential

[ Sejong Center]

IBC#1

M

P

L

S

LC/PC

(SMF)

#602

DU

IBR#3

31DUs LC/PC

(SMF)

IBR#4

IBC#2

Quantum Channel : 10G(1Core: SC/PC)

#601

#604 #603 DU DU DU DU DU

SKT Commercial QKD Network with real data traffic

SKT also deployed its QKD system for LTE network with 350,000+ subscribers in Sejong

city. Uptime is 100% to date.

Coverage Map of Sejong City [ Sejong Center] [ Dunsan Center ]

PE

[ Dunsan Center ]

Data channel : 10G

①Short Path(37km)

Quantum Channel : 10G(1Core: SC/PC)

Data channel : 10G

②Long Path(44km)

6 2015 SK Telecom Confidential

Quantum crypto system for nation-wide deployment

Backbone

10+ nodes, ~ 100 km distance

If new dark fiber is needed, additional deployment is considerable

High-end type product acceptable

ROADM compatible encryptor, Mesh topology

Core network (Core router/ Central office network)

100 + nodes

Cheaper and smaller equipment (Not high end)

Q-ch WDM could be considered or dark fiber could be deployed

Star or ring topology (repeater with ADM)

Metro network (Edge router/ Back haul network)

1000 + nodes

Very cheap and smaller equipment (low end)

Q-ch WDM must be considered

Ring topology (repeater with ADM)

Access network (PON, Front haul network)

1 M + subscribers

Set-top box ( could be quantum based one ? )

No quantum solution for radio network (USIM based LTE standard)

Strategy for product portfolio (High end & low end product)

Q-ch WDM, Trusted or quantum repeater

Merge encryptor with Transport equipment / quantum key interface

Hybrid existing standards with QRNG

RO

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SIM

RO

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QK

D

or Q

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ryp

to s

yste

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IPse

c / U

SIM

+ Q

RN

G

7 2015 SK Telecom Confidential

Need to make low cost, compact, energy efficient, mass-manufactured and compatible

with current microelectronic devices

Quantum To The Home

Bristol University’s picture

8 2015 SK Telecom Confidential

Demonstration of Prototype Sep/2015

Engineering Sample Jan/2017

Commercialization Jun/2017

Certification from Agencies End of 2017

Key Milestones

Objective

Approach:

Using quantum shot noise for entropy source

Chip type of small size

: 5mm x 5mm

Performance : Mbps ~ Gbps

Stand-alone RNG including all components

in-side : LED, CMOS sensor, ASIC

Interface : SPI, I2C, LVDS, GXB, USB, PCIe

Form-factor, performance, interfaces can be

variously supported on demand

Every IoT Device uses Random Number

Generation for security.

Current technology is relying on the pseudo

random number generator to work with.

However it is possible to predict the probability

distribution of pseudo random number

generator by the third party who can break in

the security

SKT Quantum Random Number Generator

9 2015 SK Telecom Confidential

Vision of SKT QKD Network

Metro AccessLong-Haul

FTTH??? QTTH !!!

6 optical fibers get into

every new apartment

in Korea

SKT is considering a separate long-haul network to deploy

differentiated services based on quantum cryptography

10 2015 SK Telecom Confidential

Business model for Operators (QKD)

[Stand alone]

High Assurance Secured Network

- Military

- Government

- Financial

- Healthcare

B2B Solution

- SKT is developing POTN* with QKD

- Optical board has encryption function

- better solution for B2B market

Pilot test with Deutsch Telekom in this Oct.

[Vendors Equipment] [SKT QKD boards]

[QKD boards for existing Optical Switch]

SKT is dealing with global vendor N and C

- interoperability between SKT QKD

server and vendor’s encryptor

Collaboration with Korean Vendors

Opened to another vendors (ADVA etc.)

- Toshiba, ADVA, BT has a test bed in BT

network

QKD can make differentiated services for operators in several ways

11 2015 SK Telecom Confidential

Business model for Operators (QRNG chip)

QRNG chip can enhance the security level of mission critical IoT devices and network

In modern cryptography, the most

important thing is randomness but

the weakest point also randomness

SKT QRNG chip is the cheapest, smallest

TRNG in the world

Currently, talking with the largest mobile

handset company

12 2015 SK Telecom Confidential

Thank you!