01C Morphology

8/3/2019 01C Morphology

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Plant Morphology

Basic Plant Parts:

Root - absorbing/anchoring organ (sometimesstorage)

Stem - supportive, conductive organ (sometimes

storage)

Leaf - photosynthetic organ (sometimes

modified)


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Shoot= stem + associated leaves

Bud= immature shoot,

usually with protective scale leaves


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Each leaf primordiumdevelops intoone leaf.

Caryota sp.Arecaceae


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Branch= elongated shoot, arising from bud


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Plant Habit

Herb - plant with annual above-ground parts

Vine - weak stems, supported by another pl.

Shrub - woody, >1 trunk

Tree - woody, 1 trunk


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Root Types/Parts

taproot fibrous roots


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Root Types/Parts

storage roots Raphanus sativus , radish


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Stem (Shoot) Types

bulb(mostly leaves) corm(mostly stem)both underground storage stems


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Stem (Shoot) Types

horizontal,underground

thickened, storage,develops from

stem tip

long internodes,ends in plantlet

sharp-pointedstem


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Leaf Structural Type


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Stipular Spine - Euphorbia spp. (Euphorbiaceae)


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Leaf Spine (arising from areole) - Cactaceae


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Tendril - Lathyrus (Fabaceae)


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Bract-modified, usually reduced leaf

associated with flowers

Bud Scale-modified leaf functioning toprotect apical meristem of bud


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Leaf Type / Parts

simple - blade not divided into leaflets

compound-leaf divided into discrete leaflets


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Leaf Type / Parts

simple pinnatelycompound

bipinnatelycompound


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Leaf Type / Parts

ternate/ trifoliolate

palmate


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leaf arrangement

alternatespiral

1 leaf / node

opposite

2 leaves / node

whorled

3+ leaves / node


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Leaf Venation

2 major types:parallel - monocotsnetted - eudicots


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vestiture

= cover of plant "hairs" (trichomes)


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glaucous - waxy coating

viscid - sticky secretion

glabrous - smooth, with no trichomes


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Documents

01C Morphology