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Design Computing
04. 3d Graphics UI & 3ds Max + MR
9/26/2014CAD & Graphics II | HOM2027 | Fall 2014 | Every Friday 2:00 pm – 6:00 pm
Jin Kook Lee, PhD. 02-2220-2645 | [email protected]
Assistant Professor, Space & Design IT Lab.Department of Interior Architecture Design, Hanyang University
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What to do today
1. Lecture: 3ds Max Design & Renderers
2. Lab exercises: Rendering by MR in 3ds Max & Vray in 3ds Max
0. Installing Vray for 3ds Max Design 2015
1. Lab exercise 01: 3ds Max MR Sun & Sky + Camera
Basic interface of 3ds Max & MR Sun setup
2. Lab exercise 02: A Room Interior FG setup
Render a room interior with MR Sun and FG setting
3. Lab exercise 03: A Room Interior + MR Lights
Render a room interior with artificial lights
4. Lab exercise 04: Modeling an IKEA table
Render a scene
3. Requirements: All lab exercises outcome files should be submitted in “Shared Folder”
Appropriate images in JPG format. Try to get your best render shots!
3d Graphics & User Interfaces
Famous 3ds MAX. Since MS-DOS. Officially announced 3ds MAX at Siggraph 1995
How to use computer software? – GUI (Graphical User Interface)
Menu
Icons / Toolbar
Tabbed (grouped) Icons / Toolbar (Ribbon Interface by Microsoft)
Typing,Clicking,Drag and drop,Key stroke …
How to interact with computer software? – User Interfaces, as of 2014
CLI Command Line Interfaces- Command prompt
GUI Graphical User Interfaces- Windows, Mac
NUI Natural User Interfaces- Touch, motion, voice..
General software we use today
General CG software: for Efficiency and Precisione.g. AutoCAD command line
Why 3d graphics software is very hard to learn?
Ideal interfaces for 3D modeling- 3d laser scanning… (from real world objects)- Image processing (from 2d pictures to 3d model)- Beyond keyboard & mouse:
Tangible devices for manipulating 3d objects in 3d way
Most 3d graphics tools- Handling 3d objects on 2d screen!- Too complicated 3d modeling on 2d views- Too many icons! (limitation of GUI)- Too complex options, too many function
This gap makes you hard to learn 3d graphics!
3d modeling with keyboard & mouse only? – of course not
3D bricks (Fjeld et al. 1998)Paddle (Kato et al. 2001)
CAVEiSphere
And so on.
Example - Another 3d modeling method: Laser Scanning
Laser Scanner
Scanning
Point Cloud
Video: Laser Scanning
Laser scan – Faro laser scanner ad
Laser scan – CCA at San Francisco
Example: Laser Scanning
Example: Laser Scanning
Example: Laser Scanning
Import point cloud in Revit, and modeling
In Revit, move height, install camera, and model its BIM
Example - Another 3d modeling method: From 2d pictures to a 3d computational model
Autodesk Gallery, SF 3d JK Lee
An Example: Autodesk 123D Catch
Google image search
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGNesS8vo4M&list=PL804CCE3AA34C3A40
Google Project Tango – Smart Phones to 3d Building interior
http://opinion.inews24.com/php/news_view.php?g_menu=042132&g_serial=809489
Video
Actual reason – why 3d graphics software is too hard to learn?
We need to understand behind technologies, rather than User Interface issues!
Ray tracing, global illumination…
Bump mapping, Phong Shading…
Bezier curve, Spline, NURBS, control point, segments…
UV mapping, UVW
Polygon mesh
Sweeping, lathing
Knowing about camera and lenses – focal distance, aperture, exposure…
Without understanding what are these, learning 3ds MAX is equivalent to “memorizing the order of
clicking buttons among hundreds of icons, in a messy GUI interface”.
If you understand the logic, rather than the order of clicking buttons, you can learn any complicated modern
3d modeling & rendering software such as Rhino, Maya, Blender, Digital Project, and so on, of course
including 3ds MAX.
3d Geometric Modeling
Geometry for making 3d objects
Modeling 3d object:
Creating an object (hard to do, except making primitives)
And Modify it (very hard to do – modify geometry’s subcomponents)
3d modification, by editing 2d geometry
Creating 3d objects
0 Making Primitives
A legendary Utah Teapot, developed by Martin Newell
How to create a new 3d object?
- Create primitives- Extrusion- Sweeping (lathing, loft..)- etc.
And then, modify them again and again
Modeling starts from primitive geometry
Standard Primitives
Extended Primitives
Modifier
Modeling tools in 3ds MAX
3ds Max primitives + 3 Photometric Lights + Autodesk Material + Mental Ray
Render image, all done just in 5 minutes
Creating 3d objects
1 Extrusion: extruding a polygon Push/pull tool in SketchUP
Creating 3d objects
2 Lathing: revolving a surface
Creating 3d objects
3 Sweeping: sweep a section profile onto a polygon path
Creating 3d objects
4 Others: Skinning, Boolean operation (CSG)…
& More: Import CAD file and make a building
Import AutoCAD floor plan file
- Check Units
- Choose Layer
More Example: Parametrically defined Geometry: “AEC Extended” in 3ds Max
More Example: Parametrically defined Geometry: “AEC Extended” in 3ds Max
More Example: Parametrically defined Geometry: “AEC Extended” in 3ds Max
Learning 3ds Max Design + Mechanism,
NOT just interfaces of 3ds Max Design
What to do in 3ds MAX (& other general 3d tools)
1 (Geometric) Modeling: Create objects
2 Rendering: Visualize scenes
1 Assign materials
2 Add lights
3 Setup cameras
4 Rendering options & render scenes
1 Create 2d geometry and 3d objects
2 Import pre-defined 2d/3d objects
3 Manage objects: object modification
3 Animation: Animate scenes
Modeling Difficult and time-consuming
Rendering Many things to take care of
Animating Many renders. Hardware dependent
3ds MAX use scenario in interior architecture design
Define UoD
Retouching in 2d Graphics Tools
(Geometric) Modeling
Material mapping
Rendering
Lights CameraRendering
scenes
Modeling universe (environment) Modeling design elements
2d sketch 3d modeling
Import Modification…
Planes Walls
Sky, outside view Modification…
What’s in your mind? - Roughly sketch it freehand if needed - Plan hierarchy diagram and objects
Photoshop (or others) supports lots of complicated effects- Modify: Level, Color balance, Sharpness, Gaussian blur, etc.- Add: Remapping, Compose, Texts, etc.
3ds MAX use scenario in interior architecture design Before modeling & rendering – Defining UoD first!
Roughly design your universe
This UoD is not reflecting real world – totally visualization purposed “fake” surfaces
3d Geometric Modeling is very hard and tedious
Reuse pre-defined object models
Use pasted bitmap images for drawing section profiles
Model in 3ds MAX, not in AutoCAD (when AutoCAD plan is ready, then use it)
Make all edges smooth – e.g. NURMS, Bevel…
Rendering basics
Use high-quality bitmap images for mapping (doesn’t mean only high-resolution)
(Take pictures whenever you find good interior design material, and Photoshop)
Three lightings and one camera for furniture, lots of lightings for interior design
Use Mental Ray (or other ray tracing: e.g. V-Ray etc.) for global reflection
Less is more – Retouch in Photoshop or others, don’t try too much in 3ds MAX.
Don’t forget your final result is just a mere 2d image!
Cartesian Coordinate System
View Cube
Work space: Model here!
Steering Wheel
Use Hotkeys!
Use hotkeys! – Useful 3ds MAX hotkeys (basic keys)
Viewing
Alt + W : Maximize the viewport, and back
G : Show/hide grids
F3 : Toggle between wireframe view and Shading
F4 : View edge face wireframe, available in shading view
C : View camera, P : View perspective, T : top view, L : left view, F : front view, B : bottom view…
Ctrl + X : Toggle expert mode
Shit + Z, Shift Y : Undo, Redo viewport operation
+, - : Increase, decrease Gizmo size
Object Handling
Q : Click Selection tool
W : Click Move tool
E : Click Rotate tool
R : Click Scale tool
H : Select by name
Ctrl A : select all, Ctrl D : deselect all,
Space bar : selection lock toggle (keep selecting current ones only if turned on)
Utility
M : Material editor
F10 : Render setup
Shift + Q : Rendering
& more hot keys!
Setup your own customized keys
Lab Exercises 01:
Mental Ray (MR) Sun & MR Sky
Lab Exercises 02:
Room Interior + Final Gather (FG) + MR Sky portal
Final Gather (FG) Setup
Enable FG
FG Multiplier: the higher the brighter scene
Diffuse Bounce: the higher the brighter, but slow
Other FG options
MR Sky Portal & MR Light
Photometric Light for MR
Target Light
Free Light: Point, Rectangle, Sphere, Disc…
Mr Sky Portal: Bring the sun!
Environment Setup
Rendering – Environment Menu
Background setup (mr Physical Sky)
Global Lighting: Level up for brighter scene
Exposure Control: mr Photographic
Exposure Value (EV): lower to brighter scene
MR Sky Portal: Bring the sun in front of the window!
Lab Exercises 03:
Room Interior + MR artificial lights + Objects
Photometric Light
MR Lighting: 4 Cylinder lights
Lab Exercises 05:
Modeling an IKEA table + MR lights
No effect: no rounded corner, no accent light
Mental Ray Special Effect on the table material: Rounded Corner
Mental Ray Special Effect on the table material: Rounded Corner with an accent light just below the table top
Lab Exercises 06:
Installing Vray in 3ds Max Design
Lab Exercises 06 +
3ds Max + V-Ray basics
Renderers in 3ds Max
Scanline Renderer (3ds legacy)
Mental Ray Renderer (default)
V-ray Renderer (installed vray plugin)
Others
Render Setup Menu
– Common tab
- Common Parameters: Output size
- Assign Renderer: Renderers
– V-Ray tab
- Various vray options
– Some different setup tabs by currently assigned renderers
V-Ray materials in 3ds Max
Type “M” for opening 3ds Max Material Editor
Click “Arch & Design” (current material) button
Choose “VRayMtl” for rendering by V-Ray
Vray parameters are shown
- Diffuse
- Reflection
- Refraction
- …
Assign Vray materials on a plane and teapot
Place Vray lights
Next Class
Geometric Modeling & Modification Technique in 3ds Max
3ds Max Design + Mental Ray
