05.LTE - Feature Performance.pdf

8/20/2019 05.LTE - Feature Performance.pdf

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4G LTE – Feature Performance| Page 2

Beam Forming


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4G LTE – Feature

Beamforming Increase Capacity

2R

8T Single &Dual flow

adaptive BF

U

E

ω1

ω2

ω3

ω4

SUE

S

Single-flow BF ω11

ω21

ω

31

ω41

UEω12

ω22

ω32

ω42

S2

S1

S1

S2

Single user dual-flow BF

4T Single-flow BF

4T Dual-flow

BF

Cell A

Cell B

Cell C

DL 4*2 BF: Single &Dual flow adaptive

DL 2*2 MIMO

15% Increase

Average Throughput Edge-User Throughput

25% Increase

* Based on Huawei system simulation

15% Increase

28% Increase

DL 8*2 BF: Single &Dual flow adaptive

T h r o u g h p u t ( M b p s )

BF with better SINR

BF sig

down

and calso p

exper

data r


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4G LTE – Feature

MIMO & Beamforming Adaptation

Adaptive MIMO

DL Scheme

Open Loop Utilize CSI

SFBC/TM2 SM/TM3Single layer

/TM7,TM8

Dual layer,MU-BF

/TM8

Low speed move UEHigh speed move UE

Cell edge Cell center Cell edge Cell center

MIMO mode and Beamforming

according to channel conditio

Scenario of low speed and low

Scenario of high speed


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IRC


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4G LTE – Feature

IRC to reduce UL interference

Gain of 7dB at 10-1

FER in interference

limited environment

MMSE: M

IRC: Interf

ICE: Ideal

RCE: Real

MRC: Max

IRC: Interf

Signal

Interference

Cell1

Cell2

Cell3

Noise

Evaluatedantenna 1

antenna 2Noise

Evaluated

=

=

-

-

When Uplink inter-cell interference arise…

IRC uses the spatial characteristics of

inter-cell interference.

Consider interference correlation.

Evaluate the power of interference and

remove it.

Enhance Coverage and capacity in interference

limited scenario.


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Comparison

Static ICIC and

Dynamic ICIC


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4G LTE – Feature

Inter-Cell Interference Coordination

1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4

Frequen

Power

Frequen

Power

Frequen

Power

DL Load DL ICIC Gain (dB) UL ICIC Gain (dB)

100% 2 0.3

70% 1.5 0.2

50% 0.5 0.1

30% 0 0

0% 0 0

Increase the coverageIncrease cell edge data ra

Link Cell edg

DL ICIC OFF Benc

DL ICIC ON 36

UL ICIC OFF Benc

UL ICIC ON 13

ICIC reduces the inter-cell interference, improves cell edge user’s throughp


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4G LTE – Feature

Content

1 Overview of SFR & ICIC Feature on TD-LTE

2 Coverage Prediction of TD-LTE with SFR

3 Summary

Ad i ICIC I 30% C ll Ed Th


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Adaptive ICIC: Improve 30% Cell Edge Throug

Adaptive IC

Support cel

reuse (1, 1/

Frequency: reuse=1

Frequency: reuse=3

Cell Edge

Interference

High

Cell edge interference lead

to low throughput

Unique cell edge frequency reus

industry

Adaptive ICIC:

Cell Edge

Throughput

Low Cell EdgeInterference

Low

Cell Edge

Throughput

30imp

eCo

C t t


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4G LTE – Feature Pe

Content


2 Coverage Prediction of TD-LTE with ICIC

3 Summary

C i f I l t ti ICIC SINR


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SINR Coverage with Adaptive ICSINR Coverage without ICIC

Comparison of Implementation ICIC - SINR

In TD-LTE configuration 1x3x1 all sector using same resource carrier, the disadvantage of

using single frequency is in the cell edge, end user equipment will deteriorate of signal

quality due to UE receive same frequency that will impact as interferer. In this simulation UE

using Smartphone in the outdoor case.

Adaptive ICIC is the most powerful feature to minimize interfer

of SFR will divided BW in 6 style of cell edge. In the center of c

static ICIC.

C i f I l t ti ICIC SINR


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SINR Coverage with Static ICICSINR Coverage without ICIC

In TD-LTE configuration 1x3x1 all sector using same resource carrier, the disadvantage of

using single frequency is in the cell edge, end user equipment will deteriorate of signal

quality due to UE receive same frequency that will impact as interferer. In this simulation UE

using Smartphone in the outdoor case.

By using SFR (Soft Frequency Reuse), same like FFR (Fractiona

technology. The Bandwidth divided into 3 style of edge, whic

edge then 2/3 BW will be used in the center of cell. This met

and improve the cell edge throughput.

Comparison of Implementation ICIC - SINR

Comparison of Implementation ICIC SINR (A


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Without

ICIC

With Static

ICIC

With

Adaptive

ICIC

Comparison of Implementation ICIC - SINR (A

Comparison of Implementation ICIC SINR S


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Comparison of Implementation ICIC –

SINR S

There is SINR improvement with using ICIC feature, Adaptive

ICIC show the best improvement than Static ICIC

Comparison of Implementation ICIC Radio


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Radio Bearer Coverage with StaticRadio Bearer Coverage without ICIC


Radio

TD-LTE modulation coding scheme without implementing ICIC is much degraded in the cell

edge, especially in the inner city. End User in the cell edge will get QPSK as the highest MSC

that serving their UE.

After implementing AFP function in U-Net for static ICIC we g

cell edge area. Bur on the center of coverage cell radius of MCS

Comparison of Implementation ICIC Radio Bearer


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Radio Bearer Coverage with AdaptiRadio Bearer Coverage without ICIC


Radio Bearer

TD-LTE modulation coding scheme without implementing ICIC is much degraded in the cell

edge, especially in the inner city. End User in the cell edge will get QPSK as the highest MSC

that serving their UE.

After conduct AFP with adaptive ICIC, the cell edge is better

radius of MCS 64 QAM is more longer than static ICIC.

Comparison of Implementation ICIC Radio Bearer


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Radio Bearer

Without

ICIC

With Static

ICIC

With

Adaptive ICIC

Comparison of Implementation ICIC DL Thr


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DL Throughput Coverage with StatDL Throughput Coverage without ICIC


DL Thr

In TD-LTE without activating ICIC, we can see much of area in the inner city with low DL

Throughout due to impact of interference from same frequency that receive by UE.

After implementing static ICIC, there are much improvement f

End user experience will be increase while interference impact

Comparison of Implementation ICIC DL Thr


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DL Throughput Coverage with AdaptDL Throughput Coverage without ICIC


DL Thr

In TD-LTE without activating ICIC, we can see much of area in the inner city with low DL

Throughout due to impact of interference from same frequency that receive by UE.

After implementing adaptive ICIC, cell edge DL Throughput are

recommend to using this feature to manipulate lack of custome

Comparison of Implementation ICIC DL Throughput (Anim


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Without

ICIC


DL Throughput (Anim

With Static

ICIC

With

Adaptive ICIC

Comparison of Implementation ICIC DL Throughp


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DL Throughp

This graphic show the cumulative of DL Throughput from all coverage, even the cumulative of TD-LTE without ICIC is bet

the this is just focus on center of center of cell coverage. The cell edge throughput is better after implementing of ICIC

Content


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Content


2 Coverage Prediction of TD-LTE with SFR

3 Summary

Summary


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Summary

Freque

Adaptive frequency reuse pattern selection: The system automatically

selects an appropriate edge frequency allocation pattern for each cell.

The patterns for allocating cell edge frequencies are as follows:

Reuse1, Reuse3, and Resue6. These patterns can be flexibly used in

different scenarios. For example, reuse1 is used in the low interferencescenario, reuse3 is used in medium interference scenario and reuse6

is used in the high interference with mass neighbor cells scenario.

Static ICIC：cell center use 2/3 band，cell edge use 1/3 band；

so, in cell edge, frequency reuse 3, different cell edge use

different frequency. Tx power in cell center lower than cell

edge Tx power to control interference.


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Self

Optimization

Network : ANR

ANR Classification


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ANR Classification

• Based on neighbor relations, ANR is classified into intra-RAT Ainter-RAT ANR.

• Based on the methods of measuring neighboring cells, ANR iinto event-triggered ANR and fast ANR (also known as period

ANR Feature Benefit and influence


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ANR Feature Benefit and influence• Benefit

– ANR is a self-optimization function. It automatically maintains the integrity an

neighbor cell lists (NCLs) and neighbor relation tables (NRTs) to increase hand

rates and improve network performance. In addition, ANR does not require m

intervention, which reduces the costs of network planning and optimization.

– Event ANR

• Find the missing neighbor cells when handover measurement is reported, handov

call drop rate can be improved.

– Fast ANR

• Choose some UE to measure neighbor cells and report periodically, the neighbor c

convergent more faster.

ANR Feature Benefit and influence


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ANR Feature Benefit and influence• Influence

– Event ANR

• CGI report process will introduces extra delays in handovers of the UEs that meet t

conditions. – Fast ANR

• In fast ANR processes, UE will report PCI periodically and read CGI when the neigh

• In intra-frequency scene, periodical PCI reporting does not impact system perform

reading interrupts UE services.

• In inter-frequency and inter-RAT scene, periodical PCI reporting impacts UE throug

reading interrupts UE services.

Relation between ANR and others


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Relation between ANR and others• Intra-RAT ANR

– Intra-RAT ANR needs UE to support Long DRX cycle and ANR-related mea

ANR measurements need to be performed, a temporary dedicated DRX

to be configured for the UE. During this cycle, the UE obtains the CGIs of

cells in dormancy periods.

– Intra-RAT ANR has an impact on Feature PCI Collision Detection & Self-O

When neighboring cell information changes because of intra-RAT ANR, P

detection is triggered.

• Inter-RAT ANR

– Inter-RAT ANR needs UE to support Long DRX cycle and ANR-related me

If ANR measurements need to be performed, a temporary dedicated DR

needs to be configured for the UE.

Relation between ANR and others

Intra-RAT Event ANR - Missing Neighbor Detection


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g g

• By UE Measurement

1. The source eNodeB deliver

frequency measurement config

instructing the UE to measure

work on the frequencies specif

measurement configuration.

2. The UE detects that the PC

measurement requirements, athe source eNodeB.

3. The source eNodeB checks

NCL includes the PCI of cell B. I

ends. If not, the source eNode

measurement configuration to

the UE to read the ECGI, tracki

and PLMN ID list of cell B.

4. The source eNodeB allows

parameters over the broadcast

5. The UE reports the obtaine

the source eNodeB.

Intra-RAT Event ANR - Missing Neighbor Detection


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g g

Source

Cell

(Cell A)

Target

Cell

(Cell B)

M2000

2.Handover response

1.Handover request

3.Report cell A ECGI

Information

query

4.Send info to cell B

• By UE UE History Information1. The source eNodeB sends a

message to the target eNod

history information.

2. The target eNodeB obtains

information from the mess

eNodeB detects that the EC

cell (that is, cell A, the sour

in the NCL of the target cel

considered as a new neighb

3. The target eNodeB reports

the M2000.4. The M2000 queries the PCI

of cell A based on the repo

the parameters to the targe

5. The target eNodeB adds ce

NCL of cell B.

Inter-RAT Event ANR


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1. The source eNodeB delivers the inter

configuration (including target RATs a

activates the measurement gap mod

to measure the neighboring cells tha

measurement requirements.

2. The UE detects that cell B meets the

requirements and reports its scramb

NCL of cell A does not include the scr

the source eNodeB proceeds to the n

3. The source eNodeB requests the UE

of cell B.

If cell B is a GERAN or UTRAN

be read are the CGI, location

routing area code (RAC).

If cell B is a CDMA2000 cell, o4. The source eNodeB schedules appro

gaps to allow the UE to read the CGI

cell B over the BCH.

5. The UE reports the CGI and other pa

source eNodeB.

Intra & Inter-RAT Fast ANR


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Intra & Inter RAT Fast ANR

• In order to reduces the impact of

event-triggered UE measurements on

handover performance, system

supports period measurement.

Period

measurement

report

Intra & Inter-RAT Fast ANR


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Intra & Inter RAT Fast ANR

• Periodic UE measurements have a negative impact on the uplink throu

the network. Therefore, fast ANR restricts the number of concurrent U

involved in periodic measurements by several mechanisms.

When current UE number involved in

achieve the threshold, eNodeB stop

new UE for fast ANR

When the specific UE measurements

the threshold, the UE stop fast ANR r

When the total Ue number involved

achieve the threshold in the certain p

eNodeB will get into the state of mon

start a new FastAnr Period .

Neighbor Relations Maintenance—

NRT/NCL Maintenance


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Added to NRT

Period calculation

Adjust the list of NRT

Result analysis

Removed from

NCL

Kept in NRT /


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Self

Optimization

Network CSFB

CSFB: Architecture and functionalities


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S1-MME

S1-U

S11

E-UTRAN

MME

S-GW

S5

SGSN

HSS/HLR

S6a

S4

S3

S12

Iu-ps

Gb

PDN-GW

SGi

S7

MSC/VLR

A

Iu-cs

Gr

SGs

G/U/L handset

•Multi-mode G/U/L

•CSFB capable

•Support of procedures:

Combined EPS/IMSI Attach, Update, Detach.

•Deriving a VLR nufrom the TAI of the

using a default VLR

•Maintaining SGs aMSC/VLR for EPS/

•Triggering paging

MSC-S pages the •Initiating IMSI Det

Detach

GERAN

UTRAN

•Need to be R8 ready

•Maintaining SGs

association with MME

•Forwarding paging request for CSdomain to the UE.

•Directing the UE to the target CS

capable cell. (PS HO/redirection

with or without SIBs).

C/D

PCRF

Rx

Internet

Operato

Party Ap

Gs

for the mobility

management and

paging procedures

between EPS andCS domain.

CSFB: Mobile Originating call


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g g

P

CSFB MO procedure:

• A: Voice service request is activated from UE;

• B: MME indicates UE fall back to GERAN/UTRAN for voice service via eNodeB, UE sends service request to GERAN

MME informs GSM/UMTS CS Core to prepare resource;

• C: When resource in GSM/UMTS network is allocated, UE falls back to GERAN/UTRAN for voice service; And then U

call, MCS processes the UE’s calling request and sends IAM(Initial Address Message) to CS core.

Phase Flows

A 1.Ext Service Requ

B

2.S1 AP Message (

3.Optional measure

4.PS HO or PS redi

5.eNodeB direct the

C6. Resource located

7. MSC processes U

NodeB RNC

eNodeB SAE-GW

MSC-VLR

SGs

HSS/HLR

MME

SGSN

1

5

2

3

4

6

UMTS

LTE

1

4

7

I n t e r - s y s t e m c

h a n g e

CSFB: Mobile Terminating call


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g

3

NodeB RNC

eNodeB SAE-GW

UMTSLTE

MSC-VLR

SGs

2

HSS/HLR

I n t e r - s y s t e m c

h a

n g e

9

MME

1

SGSN

5

7

23

46

Phase Flows

A 1.IAM: Initial Address Me

B

2.Paging Request (Dom

3.Ext Service Request (

4.S1AP Message (CSFB

5.Measurement

6.PS HO or PS Redirect

7.eNodeB direct the UE

8.Paging Response

C 9.Voice Call establishme

CSFB MT procedure:

• A: GSM/UMTS MSC initiates CS paging to the called party (LTE UE), voice service is requested by LTE UE;

• B: MME indicates UE fall back to GERAN/UTRAN for voice service via eNodeB, UE sends service request toGERAN/

MME informs GSM/UMTS CS Core to prepare resource;

• C: When resource in GSM/UMTS network is allocated, UE falls back to GERAN/UTRAN for voice service;

CSFB to UMTS (PS HO)


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( )

MMERNCeNodeBUE MSC SGSN

Handover

Command

1. Extended Service Request

(containing a CS Fallback Indicator)

Handover Command

S1-AP Response Message

3. Optional measurement report

4. PS handover preparation phase

5.CS call establishment procedure with LAU or combined RAU/LAU

6.PS handover execution phase

2. S1-AP Message


MMRNCeNodeBUE

3. S1-AP message with CS Fallbac

2.Extended Service Request


Paging

1

4. Subsequent procedure similar to that in a mobile-

call establishment procedure replaced with a Paging

MO call MT call

CSFB to UMTS (PS RRC Redirection w/o RIM


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(

MO call (R8: withou

RNCeNodeBUE

2.S1-AP Message with CS F



S1-AP Reponse Messag

3.Optional measurement report

5. LAU, combined RAU/LAU, or

6.CS call establishment proced

S1 UE context release

4. RRC Connection Release with UTRAN fr

MMERNCeNodeBUE MSC SGSN

2.S1-AP Message with CS Fallback Indicator



S1-AP Reponse Message


5. LAU, combined RAU/LAU, or RAU and LAU

6.CS call establishment procedure


4. RRC Connection Release with UTRAN

frequency\cell id\cell System information

MO call (R9: with RIM)

*MT call’s procedure is same.

PS Suspend PS Susp

CSFB to GERAN (PS HO)


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MO call MT callMMEBSCeNodeBUE MSC SGSN

Handover

Command

1. Extended Service Request


Handover Command


3. Optional measurement report

4a. PS handover preparation phase

4b.Suspend

5.CS call establishment procedure with LAU or combined RAU/LAU

6.PS handover execution phase

S-GW

P-GW

Update

Bearers

2. S1-AP Message


MMRNCeNodeBUE

3. S1-AP message with CS Fallbac



Paging

1

4. Subsequent procedure similar to that in a mobile-

call establishment procedure replaced with a Paging

BSC

In case GERAN or UE can’t support DTM (Dual transfer Mode) the PS service will be suspended

CSFB to GERAN (PS RRC Redirection w/o RIM


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4G LTE –

Feature Pe

BSCeNodeBUE

2.S1-AP Message(containing a CS Fallb

Indicator)


(containing a CS Fallback Indicat

S1-AP Reponse Mes


6.Sus

5.LAU, combined RAU/LAU,

7.CS call establishment proc


4. RRC Connection Release with GERAN

MMEBSCeNodeBUE MSC SGSN

2.S1-AP Message(containing a CS Fallback Indicator)



S1-AP Reponse Message


6.Suspend

5.LAU, combined RAU/LAU, or RAU and LAU



4. RRC Connection Release with GERAN frequency

group\Cell id\Cell system information

MO call (R8: withoMO call (R9: with RIM)

CSFB to GERAN (CCO w/o RIM)


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MO call (w/o RIM)

MMEBSCeNodeBUE MSC SGSN

4. MobilityFromEUTRACommand

(CCO optionally with NACC)

2.S1-AP Message






7.Suspend

6.LAU, combined RAU/LAU, or RAU and LAU


5. S1 UE context release

In case GERAN or UE can’t support DTM (Dual transfer Mode) the PS service will be suspended

CSFB to UTRAN: Three mechanisms


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R8 PS Handover : base on the

inter-RAT PS handover procedures

R8 PS redirection: RRC release with

“redirectedCarrierInfo”IE to UE

R9 PS redirection: RRC release with a

carrier frequency and UTRAN cell’s SIBsacquired by RIM procedures before CSFB.

CSFB to GERAN: Four mechanisms


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R8 PS Handover : base on the

inter-RAT PS handover procedures

R8 PS redirection: RRC release with

“redirectedCarrierInfo”IE to UE

R9 PS redirection: RRC release with a

carrier frequency list and cell’s SIBs

acquired by RIM procedures before CSFB.

R8 CCO with NACC: HandoverCommand

With target cell and SI


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05.LTE - Feature Performance.pdf