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Shoulder 에 에에 에에 에에에에 에에에에에 에 에 에

1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

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Page 1: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Shoulder 에 대한 이해

창원병원 영상의학과이 상 혁

Page 2: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

목 차

1. 서 론

2. Anatomy of the shoulder • Bone of shoulder • Joint of shoulder

• Muscle of shoulder

3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Page 3: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

본 원에서 발생되는 shoulder 검사 중에서 shoulder AP, Axial Supraspinatus outlet view, West point view, stryker notch view 등은 최근 외래 shoulder 검사의 rou-tine 으로 처방 되어지고 있다

이에 정확하게 근접할 수 있는 technique 적 방법과 검사들의 의미에 대해 살펴 보고자 하였다

서 론

Page 4: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

• Scapula

• Clavicle

• Humerus

Bone of shoulder

Page 5: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

③④

2~7 rib 사이에 위치

전체적으로 매끈하고 오목

① ligament 와 muscle 의 부착부위

② 쇄골의 견봉단과 관절

③ 혈관과 신경들의 통로

Scapula (costal surface)

Page 6: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

② ③

① Acromion

② Spine of scapula

③ Supraspinous fossa

④ Infraspinous fossa

Scapula (Dorsal surface)

Page 7: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

②③

Scapula (Lateral surface)

Page 8: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

①②

Humerus

Page 9: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Clavicle

Page 10: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

CCLCAL

SGHL

ACL

MGHL

IGHL

Joint of shoulder

Page 11: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

견관절 운동에 주로 관여하는 근육

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres minor

Subscapularis

Deltoid

Teres major

Rotator cuff 를 구성하는 근육

Muscle of shoulder

Page 12: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Supraspinatus

Origin Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion Superior facet on greater tuberos-ity of humerus

Action Initiates and assists deltoid in ab-duction of arm and acts with other rotator cuff muscles

Innerva-tion

Suprascapula nerve (C4, C5 and C6)(C4, C5, C6)

Arterial Supply

Suprascapula artery

Page 13: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Infraspinatus

Origin Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion Superior facet on greater tuberos-ity of humerus

Action Initiates and assists deltoid in ad-duction of arm and acts with other rotator cuff muscles

Innerva-tion

Suprascapula nerve (C4, C5 and C6)(C4, C5, C6)

Arterial Supply

Suprascapula artery

Page 14: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Subscapularis

Origin Subscapula fossa of scapula

Insertion Lesser tuberosity of humerus

Action Medially rotates arm and adducts it;Help to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula

Innerva-tion

Upper and lower subscapula nerve (C5, C6 and C7)(C5, C6, C7)

Arterial Supply

Subscapula artery

Page 15: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Teres minor

Origin Superior part of lateral border of scapula

Insertion Inferior facet on greater tuberosity of humerus

Action Lateral rotates arm;Help to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula

Innerva-tion

Axillary nerve (C5 and C6)(C5, C6)

Arterial Supply

Subscapula and circumflex scapula arteries

Page 16: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Shoulder

Shoulder

AP

G-H joint

Lawrenc

e

West-

point

Axillarly

Stryker

notch

Zanca view

Supraspina-

tus

30˚ Tilt view

Page 17: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Shoulder AP

Patient position Casette center

• Supine or erect

• 외선위 (external rota-

tion)

Coracoid process

X-ray center

Coracoid process

Check point

• 견갑골의 상부 , 쇄골의 외측 1/2, 상완골의 근위부를 포함해야 한다 .

• Shoulder 의 전체적인 상이 보여진다 .

Page 18: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Half-moon sign 의 변화에 따른 후방탈구상태를 관찰

Routine AP 조건 : Half-moon sign 과 Molony's

arch

Half-moon

Molony’s

Shoulder AP

Page 19: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Routine AP

Posterior disloca-tion

Anterior dislocation

Shoulder AP

Page 20: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Patient position Casette center

• Supine or erect

• 검사 반대측을 35~45˚ 거상

Coracoid process

X-ray center

G-H joint 에 수직 입사

Check point

Humerus head 와 Glenoid fossa 사이의 관절강이 열려져 보이며 , Glenoid fossa 의 반측면상을 볼 수 있다 .

Gleno-humeral Joint

True Antero-Posterior view

Page 21: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Shoulder AP G-H joint

Shoulder AP VS G-H Joint

Page 22: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

True Antero-Posterior view

Normal Superior Migration

Page 23: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

LAWRENCE

Patient position Casette center

• Supine position• 어깨를 7.5~10cm 정도 받쳐 올림 ( 필름 중앙에 맞추기위해 )

• 팔은 직각상태로 외전시킨다 .

Axillary

X-ray center

Axillary

Check point

• 견관절 (glenohumeral joint), coracoid 의 측면부Acromioclavicula joint 를 보여준다 .

• 상완골두의 전연에 있는 Subscapularis tendon 의 부착점과 상완골두의 후연에 있는 Teres minor tendon 의 부착점을 볼 수 있다

Infero-Superior axial view

Page 24: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

① coracoid 는 humerus head 와 겹침이 없다 .

② acromion 은 humerus head 의 뒤쪽 위에 겹쳐진다 .

③ humerus head 와 glenoid 사이의 관절이 잘 구분되어야 한다 .

LAWRENCE

Page 25: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Anteroinferior glenoid rim 의 tangential 영상과 Glenoid rim 의 traumatic anterior-subluxation 의 연부조직의 calcification 을 볼 수 있으며 , 가끔은 뚜렷한 골 파편이 보여지기도 한다 .

WEST POINTInfero-Superior axial view

Page 26: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Patient position Casette cen-ter

• prone position

• 견부아래에 7.5cm 정도의 받침대를 받친다

• 촬영측 팔을 90 도로 외전시킨다 .

• 팔은 쭉 펴거나 table 밑으로 내린다 .

Axillary

X-ray center

내측 25 도

전방 25 도

Check point

• 견부의 불안정성을 가진 환자의 경우에 관절와연의 골이상 (bony abnormalities) 을 관찰 .

• Bankart fracture 가 잘 보인다 .

WEST POINT

Page 27: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Patient position Casette center

• 곡면카세트를 사용

• 환자를 촬영대 끝에 앉히고 주 관절부를 90 도로 구부리며 손 은 자연지위 상태로 조절

Axillary

X-ray center

팔꿈치쪽으로 5~15각도로 견관절에 입사

Check point

• 상완골의 상단부와 glenoid fossa 의 관절관계

• 환자의 굴곡성에 따라 내측구조 (medial structure) 가 보인다 .

Axillary

Page 28: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

LAWRENCE 곡면 Cassette

LAWRENCE VS Axillary

Page 29: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

IP cassette

Axillary

Page 30: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Stryker notch view

Patient position Casette center

• supine

• Parm 을 두정부에 놓고 elbow

를 천장을 향하도록 한다 .

A-C joint 위 4cm

X-ray center

Head 쪽으로 10 도

Check point

• Humerus head 의 posterolateral 상의 com-pression fracture

• Humerus head 의 dislocation

• Hill-Sachs 병변

Page 31: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Hill-sachs lesion

Exter-nal

InternalNormal

Stryker notch view

Page 32: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Hill-Sachs & Bankart Lesion

Page 33: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Hill-Sachs

Page 34: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Hill-Sachs

Page 35: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Bankart

Page 36: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Hill-Sachs & Bankart Lesion

Hill-sachs

Bankart

Page 37: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Supraspinatus outlet view

Impingement syndrome

Rotator cuff 이상시 진단A-C joint 의 dislocation

극상근건 위치의 calcification

Purpose

Page 38: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Impingement syndrome

Page 39: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Acromion 의 형태학적 분류

편평형 (flat) 만곡형 (curved) 돌출형 (hooked)

spur

둥근형 (round)골극형 (spur)

Page 40: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Patient position Casette center

• shoulder 의 전면을 cassette에 밀착

• 팔은 internal rotation

• 몸은 촬영대와 45~50 도 정도

되도록 rotation 시킨다 .

Coracoid process

X-ray center

A-C joint 를 향해 발쪽으로 10~15 도

Check point

• 견갑극의 정측면상이 나타나야 한다 .

• A-C joint 가 나타나야 한다 .

• 극상근구 (supraspinatus outlet) 에 견갑골의 상연이

겹치지 않아야 한다 .

Supraspinatus outlet view

Page 41: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Rotator cuff Tear

A P Lateral

Page 42: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Rotator cuff Tear

Page 43: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

BODY ANGLE 45°

TUBE ANGLE CAUDAL 10°

CAUDAL 15° CAUDAL 20°

Supraspinatus outlet view

Page 44: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Supraspinatus outlet view

BODY ANGLE 50°

TUBE ANGLE CAUDAL 10°

CAUDAL 15° CAUDAL 20°

Page 45: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

BODY ANGLE 45°

TUBE ANGLE CAUDAL 10°

CAUDAL 15° CAUDAL 20°

Supraspinatus outlet view

Page 46: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

BODY ANGLE 45° TUBE ANGLE 15°

Supraspinatus outlet view

Page 47: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

TUBE ANGLE CAUDAL 5° CAUDAL 30°

Supraspinatus outlet view

Page 48: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

BODY ANGLE 30° BODY ANGLE 60°

Supraspinatus outlet view

Page 49: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Posterior dislocation Impingement syndrome

Supraspinatus outlet view

Page 50: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

30°Caudal Tilt View

Patient position Casette center

• Sitting or erect • 촬영측 shoulder 를 촬영대에 대고 촬영측 elbow epi-condyle 가 촬영대에 평행하도록 한다 .

Coracoid process

X-ray center

A-C joint 를 향해 발쪽으로 30 도 입사

Check point

• 극상근건의 단열

• 극상근건의 impingement syndrome

• 극상근건 위치의 calcification

Page 51: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

Zanca viewDistal clavicle 과 acromioclavicular joint 의 명확하고 분명한 영상을 얻을 수 있다

Page 52: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder

A P Zanca view

Zanca view

Page 53: 1. 서 론 2. Anatomy of the shoulder Bone of shoulder Joint of shoulder Muscle of shoulder 3. X-ray evaluation of the shoulder