7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
1/35
7 Periods of
Development
4) Adolescence
(prepubescence)
(pubescence)
(postpubecence)
10-18 yrs female
12-20 yrs male
(2 yrs before onset)
(4 yrs-hormones)
(final 2 yrs)
5)Young adulthood 18-40 yrs
6) Middle adulthood 40-65 yrs
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
2/35
8 Periods of the Life
Span
AGE PERIOD MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS
Young
Adulthood
(20 to 40 yrs)
Physical health peaks, then declines
slightly.
Cognitive abilities assume morecomplexity.
Decisions are made about intimate
relationships.
Most people marry, most become
parents.
Career choices are made.
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
3/35
7) PUBERTY or PREADOLESCENCE ten or
twelve to thirteen or fourteen years
8) ADOLESCENCE thirteen or fourteen to
eighteen years
9) EARLY ADULTHOOD - eighteen to forty years
10) MIDDLE AGE forty to sixty years11) OLD AGE or SENESCENCE sixty years to
death
10 Stages in the
Life Span
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
4/35
HavighurtsDevelopmental Tasks During
The Life Span
Early Adulthood: Getting started in an occupation
Selecting a mate
Learning to live with a marriage partner
Starting a family
Rearing children
Managing a home
Taking a civic responsibility
Finding a congenial social group
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
5/35
ADULTHOOD
adultusgrown to full size and strength
Individuals who have completed theirgrowth & are ready to assume their status
in society. Subdivided into three stages:
Early adulthood ( 18 to 40 yrs)
Begin to loss reproductive capability
Middle adulthood (middle age) 40 to 60 yrs
Physical & mental decline
Late adulthood (old age) sixty to death
Medical advances extends
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
6/35
EARLY
ADULTHOOD Characteristics:
1) Settling down age
- too early (career & life partner) leads to discontent
- dependent on two factors:
>how soon they find a suitable lifestyle that
satisfies their present & future needs> the willingness to assume the responsibility
- once one decides upon the pattern of life that theythink will meet their needs, they develop patterns
of behavior, attitudes and values.
2) Reproductive age
- parenthood
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
7/35
Early Adulthood
Characteristics:3) Problem age
- difficulty adjustment: poor preparation/coping,
multiple roles, no help in meeting/solving problems.
4) Period of Emotional Tension
- worries: work, marital or parenthood
5) Period of Social Isolation
- from friendliness of adolescence to competitivenessof the successful adult
6) Period of Commitments
7) Period of Dependency
- perpetual students
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
8/35
Early Adulthood
Characteristics:
8) Period of Value change
- some common reasons:
a. acceptance in a social group ( appearance)
(conventional values and behavior)
b. being married or becoming a parent
predisposes to being more socially
conscious and concerned
9) Period of Adjustments to New lifestyles
- egalitarian vs. traditional sex roles; new family-life
patterns, new vocational patterns
10) Creative age
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
9/35
DEVELOPMENTAL
TASKS
Getting started with a occupation
Selecting a mate
Learning to live with a marriage partner Starting a family
Rearing children
Managing a home
Finding civic responsibility
Finding a congenial social group
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
10/35
Mastery of
Developmental Tasks
Physical efficiency
- peaks mid-twenties, then slow gradual decline into forties
Motor abilities
- Peak strength between 20 & 30 yrs- Maximum speed of response between 20 & 25 yrs
- Learning new motor skills, superior in early 20s
Mental abilities
- recall of previously learned material, reasoning by analogy,creative thinking peaks early 20s
Motivation- regarded as independent adults
Role model - varies
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
11/35
INTERESTS in
ADULTHOOD
Conditions that predispose to changes in
interest:
Health condition
Economic status Life patterns
Values
Sex-role changes
Marital statue Assumption of parental role
Preferences
Cultural and environmental pressures
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
12/35
Personal interests
Appearance
Acceptance of their physiques & maximizing it
Wane in the late twenties due to pressures inbusiness & family affairs, but resume once
signs of aging set in (weight, sagging chins,
graying hair, protruding abdomen)
Clothes and personal adornment
Improvement of appearance Indication of social status
Individuality
Socioeconomic success
Sex appropriateness
Interests In
Adulthood
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
13/35
Symbols of maturity
Status
Money
Religion Recreational Interests
Activities that renews strength & refreshes
spirit after toil or anxiety
Talking , dancing, sports & games,entertaining, amusements, hobbies
Interests In
Adulthood
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
14/35
Moving from one social group to another
Either social or vertical:
Higher educational level
Marriage to higher status person Family pull in the vocational world
Acceptance & adoption of customs, values& symbols or the higher social group
Money Transfer to a higher-status church
SOCIAL
MOBILITY
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
15/35
Active participation in prestigious
community affairs
Graduation from a prestigious school or
college Membership in one or more exclusive
community clubs
Social Mobility
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
16/35
A high socioecenomic status
A higher level of education than the majority of
the group
A realistic self-concept
Realistic goals
A high frustration tolerance
The ability to express hostility tactfully
The ability to accept succes or failure gracefully The ability & willingness to accept authority
The ability & willingness to communicate with
others
A willingness to work for the group rather thanself
Important Qualities
of Adult Leaders
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
17/35
SEX ROLE
ADJUSTMENTS
Traditional vs Egalitarian concepts
Men
Male supremacy at home: wage earner,decision maker, adviser & disciplinarian of
children; positions of authority & prestige
outside the home.
Works together in a companionship
relationship, treats women as equals; notashamed if wife has more prestigious or
remunerative job.
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
18/35
Women
Role is other-oriented, fulfillment is based on
serving others. Not expected to work outside
home except on cases of financial
necessity, and then does work that servesothers ( nursing, teaching or secretarial
work.
Able to actualize her own potentials without
feeling guilty about using her abilities &training to achieve satisfaction, even if
requires employing someone else to take
care of home/children.
Sex Role
Adjustments
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
19/35
PERSONAL &
SOCIAL HAZARDS
Physical hazards
- poor health; physical defects
Religious
- adjustments to new religious faith; mixed marriages
Social
- difficulty to be with a congenial social group;
dissatisfaction with the role the social groups; social
mobility
Sex-role
- Men: false practices to assert masculinity
- Women: minority-group complex, trapped marriage
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
20/35
VOCATIONAL
ADJUSTMENTS
Common Attitudes:
Society-maintaining Work Attitudes
- have little or no interests in their work per se & gainlittle personal satisfaction
- paychecks is the main interest
- regard jobs as heavy & unpleasant burdens, looksforward to retirement time
Ego-involving Work Attitudes
- derives great personal satisfaction; work is a basis ofself-respect & sense of worth.
- means of gaining prestige, a locus of social participationor source of intrinsic enjoyment or creative self-expression.
- may become preoccupied to the exclusion of other
interests; dreads retirement.
7/28/2019 10 Early Adulthood Young Adulthood
21/35
FAMILY
ADJUSTMENTS
Marital Adjustments
Parenthood Adjustments
Singlehood Adjustments
7/28/2
