11 0620 42 3RP - GCE Guide (0620)/0620_w18_qp_… · 5 Alkynes are a homologous series of unsaturated hydrocarbons. All members contain a C≡C triple bond. (a) Complete the table

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CHEMISTRY 0620/42Paper 4 Theory (Extended) October/November 2018

1 hour 15 minutes

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.

No Additional Materials are required.

Cambridge International ExaminationsCambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

This document consists of 13 printed pages and 3 blank pages.

[Turn overIB18 11_0620_42/3RP© UCLES 2018

*4401701629*

The syllabus is approved for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

2

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1 Element X can undergo the following physical changes.

gaseous Xboiling or

evaporation

liquid X

solid X

2

4

3

1

(a) (i) Givethescientificnameforeachofthenumberedphysicalchanges.

1 ..........................................................................................................................................

2 ..........................................................................................................................................

3 ..........................................................................................................................................

4 .......................................................................................................................................... [4]

(ii) Explain why the changes shown are physical changes.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Onedifferencebetweenboilingandevaporationistherateatwhichtheprocessesoccur.

State oneotherdifferencebetweenboilingandevaporation.

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Describetheseparation,arrangementandmotionofparticlesofelementX in the solid state.

separation ..................................................................................................................................

arrangement ..............................................................................................................................

motion ........................................................................................................................................ [3]

(c) Element XisaGroupImetal.ItburnsinairtoformanoxideX2O.

Write a chemical equation for this reaction.

.............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 11]

3

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2 Magnesium,calciumandstrontiumareGroupIIelements.

(a) Completethetabletoshowthearrangementofelectronsinacalciumatom.

shellnumber 1 2 3 4

numberofelectrons

[1]

(b) Describehowthearrangementofelectronsinastrontiumatomis:

(i) similar to the arrangement of electrons in a calcium atom

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

(ii) different from the arrangement of electrons in a calcium atom.

.............................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(c) Calcium reacts with cold water to form two products:

● acolourlessgas,P,which‘pops’withalightedsplint ● aweaklyalkalinesolution,Q,whichturnsmilkywhencarbondioxideisbubbledthroughit.

(i) Name gas P.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) IdentifytheionresponsibleformakingsolutionQ alkaline.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Suggest the pH of solution Q.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iv) Write a chemical equation for the reaction of calcium with cold water.

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

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(d) Magnesiumreactswithchlorinetoformmagnesiumchloride,MgCl 2. Magnesium chloride is an ionic compound.

(i) Complete the diagrams to show the electronic structures of the ions in magnesium chloride. Show the charges on the ions.

Cl

......

Mg

......

Cl

......

[3]

(ii) Give three physical properties that are typical of ionic compounds such as MgCl 2.

1 ..........................................................................................................................................

2 ..........................................................................................................................................

3 .......................................................................................................................................... [3]

(e) Aqueous magnesium chloride is added to aqueous silver nitrate. A white precipitate forms.

Write an ionicequationforthisreaction.Includestatesymbols.

.............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 16]

5


3 Sulfur is an important element.

(a) Explainhowburningfossilfuelscontainingsulfurleadstotheformationofacidrain.

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(b) SulfuricacidismanufacturedbytheContactprocess.OnestepintheContactprocessinvolvesareversiblereactioninwhichsulfurtrioxide,SO3,isformed.

(i) Writeachemicalequationforthisreversiblereaction.Includethecorrectsymboltoshowthatthereactionisreversible.

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Statetheconditionsandnamethecatalystusedinthisreversiblereaction.

temperature ........................................................................................................................

pressure ..............................................................................................................................

catalyst ............................................................................................................................... [3]

(iii) Describehowthesulfurtrioxideformedisconvertedintosulfuricacidinthenextstepsofthe Contact process.

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

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(c) Dilute sulfuric acid is used to make salts known as sulfates.

Amethodconsistingofthreestepsisusedtomakezincsulfatefromzinccarbonate.

step 1 Addanexcessofzinccarbonateto20cm3of0.4mol/dm3 dilute sulfuric acid until the reaction is complete.

step 2 Filter the mixture.

step 3 Heatthefiltrateuntilasaturatedsolutionformsandthenallowittocrystallise.

(i) Nameasuitablepieceofapparatusformeasuring20cm3 of dilute sulfuric acid in step 1.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State twoobservationswhichwouldshowthatthereactioniscompleteinstep 1.

1 ..........................................................................................................................................

2 .......................................................................................................................................... [2]

(iii) Whyisitimportanttoaddanexcessofzinccarbonateinstep 1?

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iv) Whatismeantbythetermsaturated solution in step 3?

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(v) The equation for the reaction is shown.

ZnCO3(s) + H2SO4(aq) ZnSO4(......) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

Completetheequationbyinsertingthestatesymbolforzincsulfate. [1]

(vi) Name another zinc compound which could be used to make zinc sulfate from dilutesulfuric acid using this method.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(vii) Suggest why this method would notworktomakebariumsulfatefrombariumcarbonateand dilute sulfuric acid.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

7


(d) In a titration, a student added 25.0cm3 of 0.200mol/dm3 aqueous sodium hydroxide to a conical flask.The student thenaddeda fewdrops ofmethyl orange to the solution in theconicalflask.

Dilutesulfuricacidwasthenaddedfromaburettetotheconicalflask.Thevolumeofdilutesulfuricacidneededtoneutralisetheaqueoussodiumhydroxidewas20.0cm3.

2NaOH + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + 2H2O

(i) What was the colour of the methyl orange in the aqueous sodium hydroxide?

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Determinetheconcentrationofthedilutesulfuricaciding/dm3.

● Calculate thenumberofmolesofaqueoussodiumhydroxideaddedto theconicalflask.

.............................. mol

● Calculatethenumberofmolesofdilutesulfuricacidaddedfromtheburette.

.............................. mol

● Calculatetheconcentrationofthedilutesulfuricacidinmol/dm3.

..............................mol/dm3

● Calculatetheconcentrationofthedilutesulfuricaciding/dm3.

..............................g/dm3 [4]

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(e) Iron(II) sulfate decomposes when heated strongly.

2FeSO4(s) Fe2O3(s) + SO2(g) + SO3(g)

15.20gofFeSO4(s)washeatedandformed4.80gofFe2O3(s).

[Mr,FeSO4=152;Mr,Fe2O3=160]

Calculate the percentage yield for this reaction.

.............................. % [3]

[Total: 26]

9


4 Astudentinvestigatedtheprogressofthereactionbetweendilutehydrochloricacid,HCl,andanexcessoflargepiecesofmarble,CaCO3,usingtheapparatusshown.

gas syringe

dilutehydrochloric acid an excess of large

pieces of marble

(a) A graph of the volume of gas produced against time is shown.

150

100

50

0

volume of gasproduced / cm3

0 30 60 90 120

time / s

150 180 210 240

(i) How does the shape of the graph show that the rate of reaction decreased as the reaction progressed?

.............................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Why did the rate of reaction decrease as the reaction progressed?

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Afterhowmanysecondsdidthereactionfinish?

.............................. s [1]

(b) Theexperimentwas repeatedusing the samemassof smaller piecesofmarble.All otherconditions were kept the same.

Draw a graph on the grid to show the progress of the reaction using the smaller pieces of marble. [2]

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(c) The original experiment was repeated at a higher temperature. All other conditions were kept the same.

Describeandexplain, in termsof collisionsbetweenparticles, theeffect of usingahighertemperatureonthetimetakenforthereactiontofinish.

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................[5]

[Total:10]

11


5 Alkynesareahomologousseriesofunsaturatedhydrocarbons. AllmemberscontainaC≡Ctriplebond.

(a) Completethetableshowinginformationaboutthefirstthree alkynes.

formula C2H2 C3H4

structure H–C≡C–H H–C≡C–CH3 H–C≡C–CH2–CH3

name ethyne butyne

[2]

(b) Completethedot-and-crossdiagramtoshowtheelectronarrangementinamoleculeofethyne, H–C≡C–H.Showoutershellelectronsonly.

H HC C

[2]

(c) Compounds in the same homologous series have the same general formula.

(i) Give twoothercharacteristicsofmembersofahomologousseries.

1 ..........................................................................................................................................

2 .......................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Usetheinformationinthetablein(a) to deduce the general formula of alkynes.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(d) Alkynes are unsaturated.

Describeatestforunsaturation.

test .............................................................................................................................................

result .......................................................................................................................................... [2]

12

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(e) (i) Nameanoxidisingagentwhichcanbeusedtooxidiseethanoltoethanoicacid.

....................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Drawthestructureofethanoicacid.Showalloftheatomsandallofthebonds.

[1]

(f) Carboxylicacidscanbeconvertedintoesters.

(i) Theester formedby reactingpropanoicacidandmethanol has themolecular formulaC4H8O2.

Namethisesteranddrawitsstructure.Showalloftheatomsandallofthebonds.

name of the ester ................................................................................................................

structure of the ester

[2]

(ii) Name another ester with the molecular formula C4H8O2.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(g) Polyesters are polymers.

(i) What type of polymerisation is used in the manufacture of polyesters?

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Name a polyester.

....................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 17]

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BLANK PAGE

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0620/42/O/N/18© UCLES 2018

Gro

up

The

Perio

dic

Tabl

e of

Ele

men

ts

1 Hhy

drog

en1

2 He

heliu

m4

III

IIIIV

VV

IV

IIV

III

3 Lilit

hium 7

4 Be

bery

llium

9

atom

ic n

umbe

r

atom

ic s

ymbo

l

Key

nam

ere

lativ

e at

omic

mas

s

11 Na

sodi

um23

12 Mg

mag

nesi

um24

19 Kpo

tass

ium

39

20 Ca

calc

ium

40

37 Rb

rubi

dium

85

38 Sr

stro

ntiu

m88

55 Cs

caes

ium

133

56 Ba

bariu

m13

7

87 Frfra

nciu

m–

88 Ra

radi

um –

5 B boron 11 13 Al

alum

iniu

m27 31 Ga

gallium70 49 In indium

115

81 Tlthallium

204

6 Ccarbon

12 14 Si

silicon

28 32 Ge

germanium

73 50 Sn tin 119 82 Pb

lead207

22 Tititanium

48 40 Zrzirconium

91 72 Hf

hafnium

178

104

Rf

rutherfordium

–

23 Vvanadium

51 41 Nb

niobium

93 73 Tatantalum

181

105

Db

dubnium

–

24 Cr

chromium

52 42 Mo

molybdenum

96 74 Wtungsten

184

106

Sg

seaborgium

–

25 Mn

manganese

55 43 Tctechnetium

– 75 Re

rhenium

186

107

Bh

bohrium

–

26 Fe iron

56 44 Ru

ruthenium

101

76 Os

osmium

190

108

Hs

hassium

–

27 Co

cobalt

59 45 Rh

rhodium

103

77 Iriridium

192

109

Mt

meitnerium

–

28 Ni

nickel

59 46 Pd

palladium

106

78 Pt

platinum

195

110

Ds

darmstadtium

–

29 Cu

copper

64 47 Ag

silver

108

79 Au

gold

197

111

Rg

roentgenium

–

30 Zn zinc

65 48 Cd

cadmium

112

80 Hg

mercury

201

112

Cn

copernicium

–

114 Fl

flerovium

–

116

Lvlivermorium

–

7 Nnitrogen

14 15 Pphosphorus

31 33 As

arsenic

75 51 Sb

antimony

122

83 Bi

bismuth

209

8 Ooxygen

16 16 S sulfur

32 34 Se

selenium

79 52 Tetellurium

128

84 Po

polo

nium

–

9 Fflu

orin

e19 17 Cl

chlo

rine

35.5

35 Br

brom

ine

80 53 Iio

dine

127

85 At

asta

tine

–

10 Ne

neon 20 18 Ar

argo

n40 36 Kr

kryp

ton

84 54 Xe

xeno

n13

1

86 Rn

rado

n–

21 Sc

scan

dium

45 39 Yyt

trium 89

57–7

1la

ntha

noid

s

89–1

03ac

tinoi

ds

57 Lala

ntha

num

139

89 Ac

lant

hano

ids

actin

oids

The

volu

me

of o

ne m

ole

of a

ny g

as is

24

dm3 a

t roo

m te

mpe

ratu

re a

nd p

ress

ure

(r.t.p

.).

actin

ium

–

58 Ce

ceriu

m140

90 Th thorium

232

59 Pr

praseodymium

141

91 Pa

protactinium

231

60 Nd

neodymium

144

92 Uuranium

238

61 Pm

promethium

– 93 Np

neptunium

–

62 Sm

samarium

150

94 Pu

plutonium

–

63 Eu

europium

152

95 Am

americium

–

64 Gd

gadolinium

157

96 Cm

curium

–

65 Tb terbium

159

97 Bk

berkelium

–

66 Dy

dysprosium

163

98 Cf

californium

–

67 Ho

holmium

165

99 Es

einsteinium

–

68 Er

erbium

167

100

Fm fermium

–

69 Tm thulium

169

101

Md

mendelevium

–

70 Yb

ytterbium

173

102

No

nobelium

–

71 Lu lutetium

175

103 Lr

lawrencium

–

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11 0620 42 3RP - GCE Guide (0620)/0620_w18_qp_… · 5 Alkynes are a homologous series of unsaturated hydrocarbons. All members contain a C≡C triple bond. (a) Complete the table

Text of 11 0620 42 3RP - GCE Guide (0620)/0620_w18_qp_… · 5 Alkynes are a homologous series of...