11104EN074 Anil Kumar Meena

8/10/2019 11104EN074 Anil Kumar Meena

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SEMINAR PRESENTATION ON SMART GSUBMITTED BY :-

ANIL KUMAR MEE

ROLL NO.-11104E

B.TECH - 4thYEAR

ELECTRICAL ENG

IIT(BHU),VARANA


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HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRIC G

1. The first ac power grid system was installed

2. That time the grid was a centralized unidiresystem of electric power transmission, elecdistribution and demand- driven control.

3. The topology of 1960s grid was a result of seconomic of scale: large coal, gas and oilpower station.


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WHAT IS SMART GRID

Smart Grid = IT + Electric Grid


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WHAT IS SMART GRID

It is a modernized electrical grid that us

analogue or digital information and

communication technology to gather aon information such as behaviors of sup

and consumer in automated fashion to

the efficency,reliability,economic andsustainability of the production and dist

of electricity.


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WHY DEVELOP A SMART GRID1.Enviorment impacts-India is currently the world's 7thlargest emittwarming pollution and 5th largest for emissions from fossil fuel comaccounts for approximately 4 percent of the world's emissions (1,8metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO

2e)). Per capita emis

metric tons of CO2e (154thhighest in the world).The per capita GH

India (average across the five studies) are estimated to be 2.1 tonin the year 2020, and 3.5 tonnes of CO2e in the year 2030

2.Blackout-In India major blackout is

2th Jan. 2001 230 millions people affected,30thJuly 2012 330 million

2012 600 millions people affected.3.Theft Controlin India it is a serious problem it is increases losses

4.CostsImplementation of dynamic tarffics, Tariff mechanism fo

solar PV'sNet Metering/Feed in Tariff

5.Utility Operations - Introduction of Battery Parks and other Energy

Systems on a trial basis


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ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN INDIA


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CARBON EMMISSON(C02e) IN INDIA

Fig.-Climate Modelling Forum, India,sep. 2009

SMART GRID IN INDIA


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SMART GRID IN INDIA In India July 2013 230GW of installed capacity of electricity with

Indian power system is now the fourth largest in the world, but pconsumption of electricity in India is only about one-fourth of thaverage.

India power demand is increasing at an annual rate of 8-10%. Sdemand by 2032 is estimated to be as high as 900 GW.

Indias transmission and distribution losses are among the higheaveraging 26% of total electricity production, with some states a

When non-technical losses such as energy theft are included inaverage losses are as high as 50%. This creates a powerful incenintroducing smart grid components, and the meter market in Inat 100 million nodes.

In India first project of smart grid in July, 2008, Rabirashmi Abasa(greater Calcutta area).


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WHAT IS SMART GRID

Mainly Three Component

1.Generation

2.Transmission

3.Distribution(Consumer)


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SMART GRID SYSTEM


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MODEL OF INTEGRATED SMART GRID


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CHARACTERISTICS OF SMART GR

SMART GRID

SELF HEALING

Empowerand

incorporatethe consumer

Tolerantattack

PowerQuality

Market

OptimizationAssets


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CHARACTERISTICS OF SMART GRI

Self Healing

A smart grid automatically detects and responds to routine problems an

recovers if they occur, minimizing downtime and financial loss.

Empower and incorporate the consumer

A smart grid gives all consumers - industrial, commercial, and residential - vtime pricing, and affords them the opportunity to choose the volume of co

price that best suits their needs.

Tolerant attackA smart grid has security built-in from the ground up

Provides power quality needed by 21th century users

A smart grid provides power free of sags, spikes, disturbances and interruptionsuse by the data centres, computers, electronics and robotic manufacturing th

future economy.


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CHARACTERISTICS OF SMART GRI

Accommodates a wide variety of generation optionA smart grid enables "plug-and-play" interconnection to multiple and distributepower and storage (e.g., wind, solar, battery storage, etc.)

Fully enables maturing electricity marketsBy providing consistently dependable coast-to-coast operation, a smart grid smarkets that encourage both investment and innovation.

Optimizes assetsA smart grid enables us to build less new infrastructure, transmit more poexisting systems, and thereby spend less to operate and maintain the g

COMPONENTS OF SMART GRID


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COMPONENTS OF SMART GRID

Smart Meter- it is featuring two-way communications between consumproviders to automate billing data collection, detect outages and dispatch correct location faster.

Variable Frequency mode of operation-Rather than using noprovision to operate devices in variable frequency will reduce the time of deand hence the power.

Phasor measurement units -High speed sensors called PMUs distribtransmission network can be used to monitor the state of the electric system.

Universal access - It is to affordable, low-carbon electrical power geturbines, concentrating solar power systems, photovoltaic panels) and storagbatteries, flywheels or super-capacitors or in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles).

Intelligent appliances

HUGE ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL


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HUGE ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL

Data is 2006-2007

Known technologies could result in huge

electrical power savings Constraints

Low affordability in the nation

High Investment on new appliances,

better processes.

Require new

low costsolutions

SUN SHINES BRIGHTLY OVER INDIA


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INDIA CAN CERTAINLY USE SOLAR ENERGY, AS CAPITAL GOODS PRICES SOLAR PHOTO-VOLTAIC PROVIDES DC POWER FOR ABOUT SIX HOURS A D 100 PER WH CAPITAL COST: WITH 10% INTEREST AND PAYBACK IN 20 YEAMOUNTS TO 12 PER YEAR(NOT COMPUTING COSTS OF LAND)COSTS A LITTLE OVER 7.25 / KWH ASSUMING 10% LOSSESAS OPPOSED TO 3 TO 5 PER KWH FOR GR

SUN SHINES BRIGHTLY OVER INDIA

Solar PV power price computation

investment per kWh

1,00,000.00

sun-hours/day

interest rate 10% number of days /year

depreciation (years) 20 total power in Kwh gen/yr

yearly payment -11,745.96 Losses

price per kWh 7.25

WHEN DO THE DEMAND PEAK IN INDIA


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WHEN DO THE DEMAND PEAK IN INDIA

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Depends on which time of year?

There are two peaks

Day: 11 am to 4 pm

Evening: 7 pm to 11 pm

Evening peak is worst most of the year

Homes/ shops add to late office hrs

Day peak can be bad in Summer month

Air Con is significant load

Sept 23rd

May 19th

Feb 9th

June 6th

May 2nd

DECENTRALIZED SOLAR PV


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DECENTRALIZED SOLAR PV

Would be ideal in day time

To complement grid

Direct usage in offices / shopping malls can reduce the day time peak loto a considerable extent

Some coupling to ice-battery (charged during off-peak hours)

Makes economic sense today, provided there is space for solar PV install

Some solar PV / solar thermal feeding to grid would be helpful

What about evening peak loads

Solar can not help here

Reducing load by enhancing efficiency

Reducing consumptions by introduction of time of day metering

Using some storage (electrical / ice-batterycharged during 5 PM to 7 P


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DISADVANTAGES OF SMART GRID


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DISADVANTAGES OF SMART GRID

Privacy and security

some type of meters are hacked

Hacker Gain of thousands, even millions of meters

Increase or decrease the demand for power

Not simply a single component

Various technology component

Software ,the power generators ,system integrators

Expensive in terms of installation

FUTURE OF SMART GRID


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FUTURE OF SMART GRID

In the near future ,there will not be any vas

developmentInitially there is requirement of huge financ

demands and regulations.

In the long-run ,attitudes will change ,wideusage of the smart grid from every busineshome just like the Internet.

SMART GRID PROJECT IN INDIA


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SMART GRID PROJECT IN INDIA

1. Uttar Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam Limited (UHBVNL),Panchkula (Haryana)Lo

2. Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited (TSECL),Agartala (Tripura)LocDivision No. 1 of Agartala town

3. Electricity Department, Government of Puducherry (PED)Location: Divisio

4. Uttar Gujarat Vij Company Limited (UGVCL), Mehsana (Gujarat)LocationSabarmati circle which is a cluster of industrial and residential area, and Decircle which is an agricultural area

5. Jaipur Vidyut Vitran Nigam Limited (JVVNL), Jaipur (Rajasthan)Location: VIndustrial Area (VKIA), Sanganer sub-division of Jaipur

6. West Bengal State Electricity Distribution Company Limited (WBSEDCL), WesLocation: Siliguri Town in Darjeeling District

7. Central Power Distribution Company of AP Limited (APCPDCL), HyderabadLocation: Jeedimetla Industrial Area

8. Punjab State Power Corporation Limited (PSPCL), PunjabLocation: IndustrCircle Amritsar

REFERENCES-


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REFERENCESo NATURAL RESOURCES DEFENCE COUNCIL

http://www.nrdc.org/international/copenhagenaccords/

o Climate Modelling Forum, GOI, Sep. 2009

o Smart Grid Initiative for Power Distribution Utility in India by Arup Sinha,S.Neogi,, R.N.Lahiri,MemberIEEE,S.ChoS.P.Chowdhury,MemberIEEE, N.Chakraborty,MemberIEEE

o A. Zheng, "A Smarter Grid for India", October 2007

http://www.smartgridnews.com/

o Accelerated Deployment of Smart Grid Technologies in IndiaPresent Scenario,

Challenges and Way Forward by Er. Alekhya Datta1, Dr. Parimita Mohanty2, Er. Mukesh Gujar3.

o Smart Grid The Future Fantsy by Han Slootweg Manager Innovation Enexis B.V.,The Netherlands

o A. Aggarwal, S. Kunta, and P. Verma, A proposed communication infrastructure for the smart grid, in InnocaTechnologies (ISGT), 2010, 2010.

o K. Clement-Nyns, E. Haesen, and J. Driesen, "The impact of charging plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on a residTransactions on Power Systems,2010

o Demand-Side Behavior in the Smart Grid Environment A. Moshari, G. R. Yousefi, A. Ebrahimi, and S. Haghbin ,Io Introduction of Smart Grid IIT DELHI by Vikram Gandotra ,24thmarch 2013

o S.Massod Amin and bruce F. Wollenberg Towards to Smart Grid IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, oct. 2005

o Smart Grid Vision and Roadmap for India by GOI on 13thaug 2013

o http://www.ieee.org/go/emergingtech
http://www.nrdc.org/international/copenhagenaccords/http://www.smartgridnews.com/http://www.smartgridnews.com/http://www.nrdc.org/international/copenhagenaccords/


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SAVE ENERGY SAVE FUTURE

Thank You

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11104EN074 Anil Kumar Meena