1.18 Cellular Respiration

Pages 77-82

Cellular Respiration

glucose + oxygen gas carbon dioxide + water + ATP energy

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy

Aerobic Cellular Respiration

• uses oxygen• produces large amounts of ATP

Anaerobic Respiration

• does not use oxygen• produces small amounts of ATP

Step 1: glycolysis

• Glycolysis: 10 enzyme-catalyzed reactions occur in the cytoplasm

• One glucose two molecules of pyruvate• Energy released produces 2 ATP

Step 2: oxidative respiration

• 2 pyruvate move into the matrix of the mitochondrion broken down into 6 CO2 and

6 H2O .• Produces 34 molecules of ATP

Mitochondria

• Site of ATP energy production• Mitochondria have their own DNA

Anaerobic Respiration

• Ethanol fermentation• Lacate (lactic acid) fermentation

Ethanol

glucose 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP

Cytoplasm enzyme “pyruvate decarboxylase” removes CO2 ethanol

Ethanol Fermentation

• Beer making• Bread making• Wine making

Lactate (lactic acid) fermentation

• Strenuous exercise• Glucose 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP 2 lactate• Enzyme in cytoplasm “lactate dehydrogenase”

Lactate in muscles

• Pain• Stiffness• fatique