1AO3 Quizzes

7/16/2019 1AO3 Quizzes

1/21

1 0 / 1 point

The Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere receive the same amount of insolation on this day:

a) March equinox.

b) June solstice.

c) Earth's aphelion.

d) December solstice.

Question 2 0 / 1 point

According to the Stefan-Boltzmann equation:

a) Graybodies have an emissivity factor of 1

b)If the intensity of the radiation emitted by an object

increases 8-fold, then its temperature has been reduced

in half

c)If the intensity of the radiation emitted by an objectincreases 4-fold, then its temperature has been reduced

in half

d)If the intensity of the radiation emitted by an objectdecreases 16-fold, then its temperature has been reduced

in half


Where is there an annual net radiation surplus?

a) subarctic and polar regions

b) subtropical and polar regions

c) subtropical and midlatitude regions

d) equatorial region and subtropical regions


On the June solstice the subsolar point is located at the ____________.

a) 0

b) 26.5N

c) 23.5S


2/21

d) 23.5N


A ___________ is a body that is perfectly efficient at emitting radiation and hence emits exactly the amountpredicted by theoretical principles.

a) wavelength

b) thermal radiation

c) emission

d) blackbody


The reason for the seasons is due to:

a) perihelion

b) earth's orbit

c) earth's tilt @ 23.5

d) earth's rotation

Composition

7 1 / 1 point

The first layer of the atmosphere (closest to earth) is the ___________.

a) stratosphere

b) thermosphere

c) mesosphere

d) troposphere


The highest temperatures are typically found in the:

a) thermosphere.

b) mesosphere.

c) troposphere.

d) stratosphere.



3/21

The air temperature is generally ____________ at higher altitudes in the troposphere compared to the surface.

a) lapse rate

b) cooler

c) warmer

d) the same


Water vapor ____________ radiation emitted by the Earth before the radiation can escape to space; it also emitsradiation back to the Earth's surface.

a) effects

b) absorbs

c) reflects

d) diminishes


In the lowest layer of the atmosphere, temperature usually ______ with increasing height.

a) rises

b) rises and falls

c) remains constant

d) falls

Background / Intro

12 1 / 1 point

Pressure exerted by the atmosphere because of the force of gravity acting upon the overlying column of air isknown as _____.

a) barometer

b) ideal gas law

c) altitude

d) atmospheric pressure


The Equation of State (Ideal Gas Law) gives a relationship between:


4/21

a) pressure and wind speed.

b) pressure, altitude, and density.

c) pressure, density, and temperature.

d) pressure, moisture content, and density.

e) none of the above


Air pressure is:

a) the sum of the partial pressures of its constituent gases.

b) independent of the temperature of air.

c) independent of the density of air.

d) measured in pascals by American meteorologists.

Sean Questions

15 1 / 1 point

Warming in the stratosphere is mainly caused by:

a) frictional heating caused by meteorites

b)chemical reactions between ozone and

chlorofluorocarbons

c) release of latent heat energy during condensation

d) absorption of ultraviolet radiation by ozone


Does heat flow from objects of high temperature to low temperature

a) False

b) True


Which of the following always decreases as we climb upward in the atmosphere?

a) pressure

b) moisture

c) temperature


5/21

d) wind


The amount of force exerted over an area of surface is called

a) weight

b) pressure

c) density

d) temperature


Almost all of the earths weather occurs in the

a) mesosphereb) troposphere

c) exosphere

d) stratosphere


Approximately what day of the year does every place have the same number of daylight hours.

a) September 21

b) February 14

c) December 21

d) June 21

1 1 / 1 point

Coastal areas experience ___________ annual temperature changes compared to locations further inland due totheir proximity to a large body of water and water's _______ specific heat capacity.

a) moderate, high

b) extreme; high

c) extreme; low

d) moderate, low


6/21


Absorption:

a) is typically greater in desert areas than in humid areas.

b)is performed quite well by the atmosphere for visiblewavelengths.

c)does not prevent most ultraviolet light from reachingEarth's surface.

d) is done to differing degrees by different gases.


Letter B represents:

a)longwave radiation emitted by the atmosphericgreenhouse gases back to the surface.

b)longwave radiation absorbed by the atmospheric

greenhouse gases.

c)longwave radiation emitted from surface that escapes tospace.

d)longwave radiation emitted by the atmospheric

greenhouse gases back to space.


7/21


Air temperature generally ____________ as you go from the equator towards the poles.

a) increases

b) remains constant for another month in July

c) remains constant

d) decreases


____________ is the state of a substance: either solid, liquid, or gas.

a) Phase

b) Latent heatc) Sensible heat

d) Melting


The gases such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane, ozone, and nitrous oxide are all:

a) greenhouse gases

b) tiny frozen water droplets.

c) liquids

d) scatters


___________ is a process in which electromagnetic energy is transferred to heat energy when radiation reachmolecules or particles in a gas, liquid, or solid.

a) Blackbody

b) Absorption

c) Scattering

d) Reflection



8/21

The pavement on the right _____________ more sunlight than the snow on the left.

a) scatters

b) reflects

c) conductsd) absorbs


Sensible heat:

a) does not involve changes in temperature.

b)is released or absorbed when a substance undergoes a

phase change.

c) is dependent upon the specific heat of the substanceinvolved.

d)travels by convection through the laminar boundarylayer.


A greenhouse:


9/21

a) blocks the transfer of longwave radiation.

b) is impermeable to shortwave radiation.

c) allows the loss of sensible heat.

d) allows the loss of latent heat.Question 11 1 / 1 point

Which surface would you expect to have a higher sensible heat?

a) a desert surface

b) a glacier surface

c) a pond

d) a well watered grass


Electromagnetic radiation in the range 330 m is known as ____________. It is also the type of radiationemitted by the Earth and atmosphere.

a) longwave radiation

b) scattered

c) shortwave radiation

d) absorbed


The single most important control on temperature is

a) longitdue

b) latitude

c) altitude

d) distirbtion of land and water


The atmosphere is a(n):

a) blackbody absorber.

b) selective absorber.

c) inferior absorber of x-rays.


10/21

d) absorber of all radiation equally.


The reason that the daily maximum temperature is after the maximum solar heating is because:

a) the Sun has more energy when shining from the west.

b) the atmosphere is "thinner" in the afternoon.

c)there is a thermal "lag" in the heating of the

atmosphere.

d)None of the above. There is no relationship between themaximum amount of sunshine and the time of maximum

daily temperature.


Free convection is the mixing process related to:

a) buoyancy.

b) conduction.

c) subsidence.

d) drying.


According to Kirchoffs law:

a)Good absorbers are good emitters at a particularwavelength

b)Good absorbers are bad emitters at a particular

wavelength

c) Good absorbers are bad emitters at any wavelength

d)Bad absorbers are good emitters at a particularwavelength


Most of the energy from the sun is in the _____________ spectrum.

a) near Infrared

b) ultraviolet

c) infrared


11/21

d) visible


Compared to land, water bodies:

a) are more greatly influenced by continentality.

b) warm more quickly.

c) have a lower specific heat.

d) cool more slowly.


Temperatures at any point on the face of the earth are influenced by:

a) latitude.b) altitude.

c) proximity to water.

d) all of the above

1 1 / 1 point

When air is forced to descend, its temperature ________________.

a) increases

b) remains constant

c) decreases

d) fluctuates


Absolutely stable air:

a)needs a push to rise, but will continue rising once it starts

moving.

b) is typically warmer than its surroundings.

c)has a wet adiabatic lapse rate that is greater than the

environmental lapse rate.


12/21

d) will have a positive buoyancy.


The lower atmosphere is most likely to have the steepest environmental lapse rate at this time:

a) midnight.

b) sunrise.

c) sunset.

d) mid-day.


The ___________ refers to a heating or cooling process that occurs solely as a result of pressure change, not byheat flowing into or away from a volume of air.

a) lifting condensation level

b) latent heat absorption

c) latent heat release

d) adiabatic process


The ______ is the level of the atmosphere to which an air parcel must be lifted before condensation starts tooccur.

a) latent heat release

b) latent heat absorption

c) adiabatic process

d) lifting condensation level

Humidity

6 0 / 1 point

Relative humidity:

a) requires knowledge of the saturation specific humidity.

b) is measured in grams per kilogram.

c) gives the percentage of water molecules in the air.

d) is a term rarely used by television weather forecasters.



13/21

Air that contains as much water as it can hold:

a) is very heavy.

b) is saturated.

c) cannot be lifted very high.

d) has a very low relative humidity.


___________ occurs when a solid changes to a gas.

a) Sublimation

b) Melting

c) Freezing

d) Deposition


Vapor pressure is:

a) independent of temperature.

b) a common part of weather reports.

c) typically measured in millipascals in the United States.

d) the part of atmospheric pressure due to water vapor.


This is the maximum amount of water vapor an air parcel can contain based on its temperature.

a) dew-point

b) specific humidity

c) saturated specific humidity

d) air temperature


Specific humidity:

a) is temperature dependent.

b) has little use for scientific studies.


14/21

c) typically has values of 10 percent or greater.

d) is a ratio of one mass to another mass.


Using the graph, what is the dew point temperature if the current air temperature is 10C and the specific humidity

is 5 g/kg?

a) 10C

b) 20C

c) 30C

d) 2C


As the temperature increases, generally, the relative humidity:

a) is erratic.

b) decreases.

c) increases.

d) is unaffected.


15/21


The dew point:

a) is not a very effective indicator of water vapor content.

b)can be used with air temperature to indicate the value ofrelative humidity.

c) can be higher than the current air temperature.

d) is high when there is little water vapor in the air.


The vapor pressure of a volume of air depends on:

a) the temperature of the water vapor molecules.

b) the density of water vapor molecules.

c) A and B

d) none of the above

Water Balance

16 1 / 1 point

Most of Earth's water is located in the ___________.

a) atmosphere

b) groundwater

c) ocean

d) freshwater lakes


Which type of soil water is bonded to the individual soil grains?

a) Gravitational water

b) Hygroscopic water

c)Deep groundwater

d) Capillary water



16/21

Which of the following is water loss to atmosphere by plants and vegetation through a process similar toevaporation?

a) sublimation

b) infiltration

c) interception

d) transpiration


Which type of water eventually becomes groundwater?

a) Deep groundwater

b) Gravitational water

c) Hygroscopic water

d) Capillary water


In the water balance equation, an increase in the magnitude of which of these terms would lead to a morepronounced deficit?

a) -ST

b) AE

c) PE

d) P

S1 1 1 / 1 point

Which of the following terms refers to lines connecting points of equal pressure?

a) contours

b) millibars

c) isotherms

d) isobars


What does the spacing of the height contours indicate on an isobaric weather chart?


17/21

a) The magnitude of the Coriolis force

b) The magnitude of the centripetal force

c) The magnitude of the frictional force

d) The magnitude of the pressure gradient forceQuestion 3 1 / 1 point

_________________ are also the cause of global wind motions.

a) Anemometers

b) Velocities

c) Radiosondes

d) Pressure gradients


___________________ is defined by the wind's direction and speed.

a) Anemometer

b) Pressure gradient

c) A radiosonde

d) Velocity

S2 5 1 / 1 point

The Coriolis Effect is zero at:

a) the Equator

b) the Poles

c) sunrise

d) the upper atmosphere


Which of the following is true about the geostrophic flow?

a) Pressure gradient force equals the Coriolis force.

b) It occurs only in the upper atmosphere.


18/21

c) Friction is not present.

d) all of the above


In the Northern hemisphere, winds aloft blow __________ around a cyclone.

a) counterclockwise

b) clockwise

c) fast

d) slow

S3 8 1 / 1 point

The Hadley Cell was originally envisaged to cover most, if not all of each hemisphere, North and South. What areadoes it actually cover?

a) Just areas near the equator

b) Just the Mid-latitudes

c) Just the Tropics

d) Just the Tropics and the Mid-Latitudes


To measure wind speed near the surface, we use _____________________.

a) anemometers

b) radiosonde

c) vertical winds

d) pressure gradients


The _____________ are the easterly winds found in the tropical regions north and south of the Equator.

a) polar fronts

b) trade winds

c) subtropical high pressure belt


19/21

d) convergence zone


__________ are driven by intense solar heating, because the noontime Sun is almost directly overhead for muchof the year.

a) polar fronts

b) polar cells

c) Intertropical convergence zone

d) Hadley cells


Winds along the equator tend to ____________.

a) converge

b) remain calm

c) diverge

d) sink


The _____________ is a zone of convergence of air masses along the equatorial trough.

a) subtropical high pressure beltb) Intertropical convergence zone

c) trade winds

d) polar front


The ITCZ shifts ___________ in the northern hemisphere's winter.

a) Tropic of Capricorn

b) far east

c) north

d) south

S4

15 1 / 1 point


20/21

The polar front:

a)is a region of small changes in the slope of pressure

surfaces.

b)

is a region marked by a sharp change in horizontal

temperature.

c) is a boundary between two regions of cold air.

d) is not associated with the polar jet stream.


The subtropical high:

a) often causes dry, desert-like conditions.

b) has strong pressure gradients.

c) has strong winds.

d)is neither a part of, nor a consequence of, the Hadleycell.


The cell in the midlatitudes is called the _____________.

a) polar Cell

b) tropical Cell

c) Hadley Cell

d) Ferrel Cell


The large temperature gradient aloft creates a stronger ______________ than at the surface.

a) pressure gradient

b) centripetal force

c) frictional force

d) Coriolis force

S5

19 1 / 1 point

The process in which warm surface waters are replaced by colder waters from below is known as_______________.


21/21

a) thermohaline circulation

b) ocean upwelling

c) gyres

d) western boundary currentsQuestion 20 0 / 1 point

A _______ is the region below the thermocline in which water is very cold.

a) mixed layer

b) gyre

c) deep ocean

d) thermocline

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