1st Grade Visual Art Training “Your Place or Mine”

1st Grade Visual Art Training1st Grade Visual Art Training“Your“Your Place or Mine” Place or Mine”

http://www.tnaqua.org/kidsteachers/Animals_programs_list.asphttp://www.tnaqua.org/kidsteachers/Animals_programs_list.asp

““Travel is fatal to prejudice, Travel is fatal to prejudice, bigotry, and narrow-mindedness, bigotry, and narrow-mindedness, and many of our people need it and many of our people need it

sorely. Broad, wholesome, sorely. Broad, wholesome, charitable views can not be charitable views can not be

acquired by vegetating in one’s acquired by vegetating in one’s little corner of earth.”little corner of earth.”

- Mark Twain- Mark TwainFrom From Innocents AbroadInnocents Abroad, 1869, 1869

Three Visual Art Trainings Three Visual Art Trainings in 2009-2010in 2009-2010

October 27October 27thth Video-Conference: Tennessee Aquarium: Video-Conference: Tennessee Aquarium:

Your Place is Mine Your Place is Mine with Tyson Ledgerwoodwith Tyson Ledgerwood

October 28October 28thth ARTSY TrainingARTSY Training with Nancy Powell or Sandy Goad with Nancy Powell or Sandy Goad

January 27January 27thth 1st Grade Level PLC 1st Grade Level PLC with Denise Youngwith Denise Young

School Wide Art Show 2009-School Wide Art Show 2009-20102010

The winners of the individual school art shows will be The winners of the individual school art shows will be framed and displayed downtown atframed and displayed downtown at the Center for the Center for the Arts May 1.the Arts May 1.

““The word The word artart, derived from , derived from an ancient Indo-European an ancient Indo-European

root that means “root that means “to fit to fit togethertogether,” suggests as much. ,” suggests as much.

Art is about fitting things Art is about fitting things together: words, images, together: words, images,

objects, processes, thought, objects, processes, thought, historical epochs.”historical epochs.”

- Jeffrey J. Schnapp- Jeffrey J. SchnappDirector of Stanford Humanities LabDirector of Stanford Humanities Lab

Stanford UniversityStanford University

Hour #1Hour #1

““Hands On” Classroom Lesson Hands On” Classroom Lesson #1#1

“Animal Blanket”“Animal Blanket”1.1. Cut out the stencilCut out the stencil

2.2. Trace shape with black oil pastel.Trace shape with black oil pastel.

3.3. Add details with stickers: Eyes, toes spots Add details with stickers: Eyes, toes spots etc.etc.

4.4. Add big tissue paper squares to make a Add big tissue paper squares to make a colorful blanket.colorful blanket.

5.5. Cut a frayed edge on both sides of the Cut a frayed edge on both sides of the blanket.blanket.

Hour #2Hour #2

Video-ConferenceVideo-Conference

Virtual Classroom LessonVirtual Classroom Lesson Questions and Answers from Questions and Answers from

PresenterPresenter Sign-up for Video-Conference in your Sign-up for Video-Conference in your

classroom.classroom.

Animals available for Animals available for programsprograms

Turtles Turtles Ornate Box Turtle Ornate Box Turtle Alligator Snapping Turtle Alligator Snapping Turtle Painted TurtlePainted Turtle

Snakes & Snakes & Lizards Lizards

Corn snakeCorn snake Ball PythonBall Python Leopard GeckoLeopard Gecko Blue-tongue Skink Blue-tongue Skink

Amphibians Amphibians Giant Marine Toad Giant Marine Toad Ornate Horned ToadOrnate Horned Toad White’s Tree Frog White’s Tree Frog African Clawed Frog African Clawed Frog Eastern Tiger SalamanderEastern Tiger Salamander

Invertebrates Invertebrates Curly Hair Tarantula Curly Hair Tarantula Emperor Scorpion Emperor Scorpion African MillipedeAfrican Millipede

Amphibians at the Tennessee Amphibians at the Tennessee AquariumAquarium

Surinam toad Surinam toad Green tree frog Green tree frog Fire-bellied toad Fire-bellied toad Northern red salamander Northern red salamander Yonahlossee salamander Yonahlossee salamander Hellbender salamanderHellbender salamander

Birds at the Tennessee AquariumBirds at the Tennessee Aquarium Macaroni Penguin Macaroni Penguin Gentoo Penguin Gentoo Penguin Hyacinth Macaw Hyacinth Macaw Cedar Waxwing Cedar Waxwing Rose-Breasted Grosbeak Rose-Breasted Grosbeak Dark-Eyed Junco Dark-Eyed Junco Hermit Thrush Hermit Thrush Tufted TitmouseTufted Titmouse

Ovenbird Ovenbird Northern Cardinal Northern Cardinal Indigo Bunting Indigo Bunting Wood Duck Wood Duck Hooded Merganser Hooded Merganser Eastern Bluebird Eastern Bluebird Crested Wood Partridge Crested Wood Partridge Mandarin Duck Mandarin Duck Yellow-breasted Chat Yellow-breasted Chat Eastern TowheeEastern Towhee

Butterflies at the Tennessee Butterflies at the Tennessee AquariumAquarium

Butterfly Butterfly Butterfly Egg Butterfly Egg Caterpillar Caterpillar Pupa Pupa

Fish at the Tennessee Fish at the Tennessee AquariumAquarium

Epaulette SharkEpaulette Shark Brown Banded Bamboo ShBrown Banded Bamboo Sh

arkark Sand Tiger SharkSand Tiger Shark Black StingrayBlack Stingray Southern stingray Southern stingray Bonnethead shark Bonnethead shark Brook trout Brook trout Red-bellied piranha Red-bellied piranha Great barracuda Great barracuda Queen trigger Queen trigger Smallmouth bass Smallmouth bass Tangerine darter Tangerine darter

Arapaima Arapaima Black crappie Black crappie Barrens topminnow Barrens topminnow Weedy sea dragon Weedy sea dragon Dwarf seahorse Dwarf seahorse Longsnout seahorse Longsnout seahorse Potbelly seahorse Potbelly seahorse Lined seahorse Lined seahorse Leafy sea dragon Leafy sea dragon Northern pipefish Northern pipefish Coral shrimpfish Coral shrimpfish Blue catfish Blue catfish Paddlefish Paddlefish Lake sturgeon Lake sturgeon Beluga sturgeonBeluga sturgeon

http://www.tnaqua.org/Home.aspx

http://www.tnaqua.org/kidsteachers/Animals_programs_list.asp



Invertebrates at the Tennessee AquariumInvertebrates at the Tennessee Aquarium

Giant Pacific Octopus Giant Pacific Octopus Pharaoh Cuttlefish Pharaoh Cuttlefish Giant Spider Crab Giant Spider Crab Emperor Nautilus Emperor Nautilus Moon Jellyfish Moon Jellyfish West Coast Sea Nettle West Coast Sea Nettle

Reptiles at the Tennessee Reptiles at the Tennessee AquariumAquarium

American AlligatorAmerican Alligator Eastern Spiny Soft-shellEastern Spiny Soft-shell Alligator Snapping TurtleAlligator Snapping Turtle Barbour's Map TurtleBarbour's Map Turtle Yellow-Blotched Map TurtleYellow-Blotched Map Turtle Timber RattlesnakeTimber Rattlesnake CopperheadCopperhead Black-Breasted Leaf TurtleBlack-Breasted Leaf Turtle Yellow AnacondaYellow Anaconda Eastern Box TurtleEastern Box Turtle Green Sea TurtleGreen Sea Turtle Florida Red belly TurtleFlorida Red belly Turtle Eastern Rat SnakeEastern Rat Snake West African Dwarf CrocodileWest African Dwarf Crocodile Pig-Nosed TurtlePig-Nosed Turtle Eastern Mud TurtleEastern Mud Turtle

Mammals at the Tennessee Mammals at the Tennessee AquariumAquarium

Otter Otter Aquarists Aquarists Herpetologists Herpetologists Horticulturists Horticulturists Aviculturists Aviculturists EntomologistEntomologist Research Biologists Research Biologists Veterinarian Veterinarian

Future Jobs for StudentsFuture Jobs for Students

AquaristsAquarists: : Aquarium Exhibit Aquarium Exhibit Maintenance Maintenance

HerpetologistsHerpetologists: : Retiles and AmphibiansRetiles and Amphibians HorticulturistsHorticulturists: : PlantsPlants AviculturistsAviculturists: : BirdsBirds EntomologistEntomologist: : ButterfliesButterflies Research BiologistsResearch Biologists: : Wildlife Wildlife

ResearchResearch VeterinarianVeterinarian: : Wildlife DoctorWildlife Doctor








Hour #3Hour #3

““Hands On” Classroom Lesson Hands On” Classroom Lesson #2#2

“Spider Sculpture”“Spider Sculpture”1.1. Draw an X in the middle of your base. Draw an X in the middle of your base. 2.2. Starting in the middle of the X draw a Small, Starting in the middle of the X draw a Small,

Medium-Sized, and Big Circles.Medium-Sized, and Big Circles. 3.3. Trace all your lines with your Glitter Glue.Trace all your lines with your Glitter Glue.4.4. Let Dry.Let Dry.5.5. Stick a Big, Medium Sized, and Small balls of clay Stick a Big, Medium Sized, and Small balls of clay

on your toothpick.on your toothpick.6.6. Add four legs on each side with joints and feet.Add four legs on each side with joints and feet.7.7. Add eyes.Add eyes.8.8. Place on your web (base).Place on your web (base).

Resource InformationResource Information

The Tennessee The Tennessee Aquarium website Aquarium website has a printable has a printable information on the information on the website that website that includes many includes many pages of activities. pages of activities.

The website link is: The website link is: http://www.tnaquhttp://www.tnaqua.org/Home.aspxa.org/Home.aspx

What a 1st Grader Needs to What a 1st Grader Needs to Know about Know about Living Things and Living Things and

Their EnvironmentsTheir Environments

Living Things and Their Living Things and Their HabitatsHabitats

Do you recognize this big Do you recognize this big furry fellow?furry fellow?

He’s a polar bear.He’s a polar bear.

He lives near the North Pole.He lives near the North Pole.

What’s weather like there?What’s weather like there?

Brrr!Brrr!

It’s cold, cold It’s cold, cold cold!cold!

Look at what’s all around Look at what’s all around the polar bear: ice, and lots the polar bear: ice, and lots of it.of it.

Photo by Ken Whitman


The polar bear lives The polar bear lives where it’s cold and icy where it’s cold and icy all the time, but he all the time, but he doesn’t seem to mind at doesn’t seem to mind at all.all.

Look at him again.Look at him again.

See his thick, furry coat?See his thick, furry coat?

With all that thick fur, With all that thick fur, he stays pretty cozy, he stays pretty cozy, even at the North Pole.even at the North Pole.


Now, imagine that the Now, imagine that the polar bear decides to go polar bear decides to go on a vacation.on a vacation.

Of course, you and I Of course, you and I know that bears don’t know that bears don’t take vacations, but let’s take vacations, but let’s pretend.pretend.

He goes on a trip to He goes on a trip to Hawaii.Hawaii.

How do you think he How do you think he would like it?would like it?

What would our big What would our big furry friend think of furry friend think of sunny, sandy beaches sunny, sandy beaches of Hawaii?of Hawaii?


Well, if you’ve ever Well, if you’ve ever been to the beach, been to the beach, you might like it.you might like it.

The polar bear can’t The polar bear can’t take off his fur!take off his fur!

He wouldn't enjoy a He wouldn't enjoy a trip to warm, sunny trip to warm, sunny Hawaii.Hawaii.

It’s a lovely place, It’s a lovely place, but not for him.but not for him.

It’s not his habitat.It’s not his habitat.


What’s a habitat?What’s a habitat?

For an animal, a habitat For an animal, a habitat is the place where the is the place where the animal animal

LivesLives EatsEats SleepsSleeps Makes its homeMakes its home Has babiesHas babies Gets along (mostly) with Gets along (mostly) with

other animals.other animals.

But it’s not just any kind But it’s not just any kind of place.of place.

An animal’s habitat is a An animal’s habitat is a special place suited to special place suited to the animal because the the animal because the animal is suited to it.animal is suited to it.


The big furry polar bearThe big furry polar bear Isn’t suited to the warm Isn’t suited to the warm

beachbeach He gets along fine at the icy He gets along fine at the icy

North Pole.North Pole.

A fish that swims in the A fish that swims in the ocean couldn’t possibly ocean couldn’t possibly survive in the mountains, survive in the mountains, could it?could it?

Would a worm that crawls Would a worm that crawls through the moist, rich soil through the moist, rich soil of the forest be happy of the forest be happy living in the hot, sandy living in the hot, sandy desert?desert?


Different animals live Different animals live in different habitats.in different habitats.

The way an animal The way an animal

lives has a lot to do lives has a lot to do with its habitat.with its habitat.

Let’s explore a few Let’s explore a few habitats and get to habitats and get to know some animals know some animals living in them.living in them.

The Forest HabitatThe Forest Habitat Imagine you’re Imagine you’re

taking a walk taking a walk through a beautiful through a beautiful forest.forest.

Oak and maple trees Oak and maple trees

stand tall around stand tall around you.you.

Their highest Their highest branches reach branches reach upward and form a upward and form a leafy canopy, which leafy canopy, which makes it cool and makes it cool and shady for you as you shady for you as you walk along below.walk along below.

The Forest HabitatThe Forest Habitat

What’s that tap-tap-What’s that tap-tap-tapping sound?tapping sound?

It’s a bird called a It’s a bird called a woodpecker.woodpecker.

Woodpeckers peck Woodpeckers peck into the trunks of old into the trunks of old trees, looking for trees, looking for insects to eat.insects to eat.

The woodpecker lives The woodpecker lives in this forest habitat.in this forest habitat.

The Forest HabitatThe Forest Habitat A squirrel also lives in this forest A squirrel also lives in this forest

habitat.habitat.

Squirrels build nests in the tree Squirrels build nests in the tree branches and gathers acorns from branches and gathers acorns from the oak trees in the fall.the oak trees in the fall.

Pew! What could that awful smell Pew! What could that awful smell be?be?

It’s a skunk!It’s a skunk!

You must have scared it.You must have scared it.

A skunk sends out a stinky spray. To A skunk sends out a stinky spray. To defend itself against larger animals defend itself against larger animals that threaten to eat it (not that you that threaten to eat it (not that you would ever eat a skunk!) would ever eat a skunk!)

Skunks burrow into holes in the Skunks burrow into holes in the ground or into rotten tree trunks.ground or into rotten tree trunks.

They eat berries and insects and They eat berries and insects and eggs they steal from the nests of eggs they steal from the nests of birds that also live in the forest birds that also live in the forest habitat.habitat.


Ooh, what’s that sticky stuff Ooh, what’s that sticky stuff on your face?on your face?

You’ve walked into the You’ve walked into the

threads of a spider web, threads of a spider web, strung across your path.strung across your path.

Spiders weave their webs Spiders weave their webs where insects fly, hoping to where insects fly, hoping to trap some bug for dinner.trap some bug for dinner.

Yummy!Yummy!


Down on the forest Down on the forest floor, the leaves fall floor, the leaves fall and pile up.and pile up.

Snails and other Snails and other animals eat the leaves.animals eat the leaves.

Along comes a Along comes a raccoon, which eats raccoon, which eats the snails (and many the snails (and many other things – other things – raccoons aren’t very raccoons aren’t very picky eaters!).picky eaters!).


Woodpecker, Woodpecker, squirrel, skunk, squirrel, skunk, spider, snail, spider, snail, raccoonraccoon – all – all these animals these animals and many more and many more live in the forest live in the forest habitat.habitat.

For their homes For their homes and food, they and food, they depend upon the depend upon the plants and other plants and other animals that live animals that live in the forest in the forest with them.with them.

The Underground HabitatThe Underground Habitat Imagine what you Imagine what you

brought a shovel with brought a shovel with you on your walk you on your walk through the forest.through the forest.

Take it out and dig Take it out and dig down under the down under the twigs, leaves, and twigs, leaves, and mushrooms on the mushrooms on the forest floor.forest floor.

What can you see?What can you see?

The Underground HabitatThe Underground Habitat

A slimy brown A slimy brown earthworm slithers earthworm slithers deeper underground.deeper underground.

A little white grub A little white grub curls up in the soil.curls up in the soil.

Soon it will grow into Soon it will grow into an insect and creep an insect and creep among the forest ferns among the forest ferns and mosses.and mosses.

The Underground HabitatThe Underground Habitat The worm and the grub live The worm and the grub live

together in the forest’s together in the forest’s underground habitat.underground habitat.

Even some furry animals, like Even some furry animals, like moles, live underground with them.moles, live underground with them.

Moles have long slender paws just Moles have long slender paws just right for digging.right for digging.

They burrow underground, and they They burrow underground, and they look for things to eat: things like look for things to eat: things like roots, and and sorry little worm – roots, and and sorry little worm – worms.worms.

Actually, moles don’t really “look” Actually, moles don’t really “look” for things to eat, since they can’t for things to eat, since they can’t see very well.see very well.

Instead, moles find their way Instead, moles find their way around underground with a keen around underground with a keen sense of smell.sense of smell.


So moles have So moles have paws for digging, paws for digging, and even though and even though they have weak they have weak eyes, they have a eyes, they have a strong sense of strong sense of smell.smell.

Do you see how Do you see how the mole is suited the mole is suited to its underground to its underground habitat?habitat?


Here’s a fact you know is Here’s a fact you know is true every time your true every time your tummy growls: tummy growls: animals animals need to eat.need to eat.

Scientists use special Scientists use special names for animals, names for animals, depending on whether depending on whether they eat they eat PlantsPlants MeatMeat Both.Both.

Let’s learn these special Let’s learn these special names they’re big words, names they’re big words, so get ready!so get ready!

What You are Called and What You What You are Called and What You EatEat

Do you eat both plants and Do you eat both plants and meat?meat? Then you’re an omnivore.Then you’re an omnivore. An omnivore is an animal An omnivore is an animal

that eats both plants and that eats both plants and animals.animals.

Bears are omnivores.Bears are omnivores.

They eat berries, and they They eat berries, and they eat small animals like fish.eat small animals like fish.

They also use their sharp They also use their sharp claws to rip open logs and claws to rip open logs and eat the insects they find eat the insects they find there.there.

Animals that eat only Animals that eat only plants are called plants are called herbivores.herbivores.

Some human beings Some human beings choose to eat only choose to eat only plants and no meat.plants and no meat.

Many animals, Many animals, including mice, cows including mice, cows and horses, eat only and horses, eat only plants.plants.

Even huge elephants Even huge elephants eat only leaves, fruits, eat only leaves, fruits, nuts, and grasses.nuts, and grasses.


Some animals would Some animals would rather eat meat most of rather eat meat most of all.all.

Can you think of any?Can you think of any?

Dogs and cats, lions and Dogs and cats, lions and tigers, sharks and tigers, sharks and snakes eat meat.snakes eat meat.

They are called They are called carnivores.carnivores.

A carnivore eats animal A carnivore eats animal meat.meat.


The Desert HabitatThe Desert Habitat

Let’s look at the Let’s look at the desert, which is a desert, which is a very different very different habitat from the habitat from the forest.forest.

Can you think of Can you think of some differences some differences between the between the forest and the forest and the desert?desert?

The Desert HabitatThe Desert Habitat The forest is often cool.The forest is often cool.

The desert is often hot.The desert is often hot.

The forest is moist.The forest is moist.

The desert is dry.The desert is dry.

The forest is dark and The forest is dark and shady.shady.

The desert is bright and The desert is bright and sunny.sunny.

The Desert HabitatThe Desert Habitat Sometimes it snows Sometimes it snows

and rains in the and rains in the forest, but it rarely forest, but it rarely does in the desert.does in the desert.

Compared to the Compared to the forest, the desert is a forest, the desert is a very different habitat very different habitat for plants and for plants and animals.animals.

So do you think you’ll So do you think you’ll find the same kind of find the same kind of animals and plants in animals and plants in the desert that you the desert that you find in the forest?find in the forest?


Lizards live in the hot Lizards live in the hot desert.desert.

Their bodies do well Their bodies do well in the heat.in the heat.

They like to lie on They like to lie on warm rocks and bask warm rocks and bask in the blazing in the blazing sunshine.sunshine.

Lizards match the Lizards match the desert habitat.desert habitat.

The Desert HabitatThe Desert Habitat Cactus plants grow Cactus plants grow

in the desert.in the desert.

They can grow for They can grow for a long time without a long time without any rain at all.any rain at all.

They like heat and They like heat and a lot of sunshine.a lot of sunshine.

Cactus plants do Cactus plants do well in the desert well in the desert habitat.habitat.


But not many But not many animals or animals or plants live in plants live in the desert.the desert.

In fact, the In fact, the desert is desert is almost almost deserted – deserted – which is how it which is how it got its name.got its name.

Water HabitatsWater Habitats Can you name some animals that live in Can you name some animals that live in

water?water?

Fish live in water, such asFish live in water, such as PondsPonds LakesLakes Streams.Streams.

They eat smallerThey eat smaller FishFish PlantsPlants Insects.Insects.

Water HabitatsWater Habitats Think of the ways that a fish Think of the ways that a fish

is suited to its water habitat.is suited to its water habitat.

Fish don't have feet, because Fish don't have feet, because they don’t walk.they don’t walk.

They live in a water habitat, They live in a water habitat, and so they swim.and so they swim.

You can’t breathe You can’t breathe underwater, but fish can underwater, but fish can because they have gills.because they have gills.

But a fish out of water is in But a fish out of water is in trouble!trouble!

A fish can’t survive outside its A fish can’t survive outside its water habitat.water habitat.

Water HabitatsWater Habitats Have you ever heard the Have you ever heard the

saying “like a fish out of saying “like a fish out of water”?water”?

Since fish can’t breath out of Since fish can’t breath out of water, people use this saying water, people use this saying to mean that someone is very to mean that someone is very uncomfortable in a new uncomfortable in a new unusual situation.unusual situation.

For example, a shy child who For example, a shy child who is asked to sing a song in is asked to sing a song in front of the whole school front of the whole school might think,might think, ““I don’t want to sing in front I don’t want to sing in front

of all those people.” of all those people.” ““I've never been on stage I've never been on stage

before.” before.” ““I’d feel like a fish out of I’d feel like a fish out of

water.”water.”

Water HabitatsWater Habitats Many other animals do best in Many other animals do best in

a water habitat, too.a water habitat, too.

Some live all their lives Some live all their lives underwater like oyster and underwater like oyster and starfish.starfish.

Some live part of their life Some live part of their life underwater and part on land, underwater and part on land, like frogs and salamanders.like frogs and salamanders.

Some live on the land near the Some live on the land near the water, like herons and hermit water, like herons and hermit crabs.crabs.

All of these animals depend All of these animals depend upon the water, the plants upon the water, the plants and the other animals nearby.and the other animals nearby.

Water HabitatsWater Habitats Not all water habitats are the Not all water habitats are the

same.same.

Ponds, lakes, and rivers are Ponds, lakes, and rivers are different from oceans.different from oceans.

Do you know why?Do you know why?

If you’ve ever played in the If you’ve ever played in the waves at the ocean, you know waves at the ocean, you know how that water tastes: very how that water tastes: very salty.salty.

Oceans contain salt water.Oceans contain salt water.

But most ponds, lakes, and But most ponds, lakes, and rivers contain fresh water. rivers contain fresh water.

What’s the difference?What’s the difference?

Here’s an experiment Here’s an experiment to answer that to answer that question.question.

Fill a glass with Fill a glass with drinking water.drinking water.

Take a sip.Take a sip.

It tastes refreshing.It tastes refreshing.

That’s the kind of That’s the kind of water found in most water found in most lakes and rivers.lakes and rivers.

Water HabitatsWater Habitats

Water HabitatsWater Habitats

Now stir in two teaspoons Now stir in two teaspoons full of salt.full of salt.

Take a sip – a very small Take a sip – a very small sip.sip.

Yuck!Yuck!

You wouldn't call that You wouldn't call that refreshing. refreshing.

Would you?Would you?

That glass contains salt That glass contains salt water, like the water in the water, like the water in the ocean.ocean.

Water HabitatsWater Habitats You may not like the taste of salt You may not like the taste of salt

water, but many plants and water, but many plants and animals depend upon it to live.animals depend upon it to live.

Clams, oysters, and jellyfish live Clams, oysters, and jellyfish live in the salty ocean, along with the in the salty ocean, along with the plants such as seaweed.plants such as seaweed.

Whales, dolphins, sharks - all the Whales, dolphins, sharks - all the animals that live in an ocean animals that live in an ocean habitat – need salt water.habitat – need salt water.

If you put them into water If you put them into water without salt, they wouldn’t without salt, they wouldn’t survive.survive.

Each water animal and plant Each water animal and plant needs to be in the kind of water needs to be in the kind of water habitat to which it is suited.habitat to which it is suited.

The Food ChainThe Food Chain As you’ve learned about different As you’ve learned about different

habitats, you’ve heard a lot about habitats, you’ve heard a lot about animals and what they eat. animals and what they eat.

You’ve got to want to live.You’ve got to want to live.

Not just you, but every living thing Not just you, but every living thing needs food to survive. needs food to survive.

Plants make their own food out of Plants make their own food out of SunshineSunshine AirAir WaterWater Nutrients from the soil Nutrients from the soil

But animals can’t do that. Animals eat But animals can’t do that. Animals eat other living things, including other living things, including

Plants Plants Other animals.Other animals. Big animals may eat little ones.Big animals may eat little ones.

And when the big animal dies, it may And when the big animal dies, it may be eaten by little animals.be eaten by little animals.

All this eating is called the food chain.All this eating is called the food chain.

The Food ChainThe Food Chain

Let’s see how it works.Let’s see how it works.

Imagine a green plant growing Imagine a green plant growing by the side of a river.by the side of a river.

A caterpillar comes along and A caterpillar comes along and chews on the leaves.chews on the leaves.

Later the caterpillar grows into Later the caterpillar grows into a flying insect.a flying insect.

The insect flies across the river, The insect flies across the river, when suddenly, swoosh, a fish when suddenly, swoosh, a fish leaps out of the water and leaps out of the water and swallows it.swallows it.


The fish splashes The fish splashes back into the water, back into the water, feeling full and feeling full and happy – but not for happy – but not for long.long.

A big bear reaches A big bear reaches into the river and into the river and grabs the fish in his grabs the fish in his paw.paw.

The bear has caught The bear has caught a tasty supper.a tasty supper.


Later that year the bear Later that year the bear dies, and through the dies, and through the winter its body rots away.winter its body rots away.

The rotting body turns to The rotting body turns to nutrients that soak into the nutrients that soak into the soil by the side of the river.soil by the side of the river.

When spring comes, the When spring comes, the nutrients help green plants nutrients help green plants grow.grow.

One of those green plants One of those green plants grows by the side of the grows by the side of the river.river.

A caterpillar comes along A caterpillar comes along and chews on the leaves and chews on the leaves and …and …


Do you see?Do you see?

It’s a cycle, It’s a cycle, starting over, and starting over, and going round and going round and round again.round again.

It’s a cycle of one It’s a cycle of one creature feeding creature feeding upon another, a upon another, a cycle of life and cycle of life and death and life death and life again.again.


People call this cycle the food People call this cycle the food chain because it seems to link chain because it seems to link together the plants and together the plants and animals in nature.animals in nature.

Animals eat plants, and these Animals eat plants, and these animals are sometimes eaten animals are sometimes eaten by other animals.by other animals.

Plants and animals die and Plants and animals die and rot, which returns nutrients to rot, which returns nutrients to the soil, which helps more the soil, which helps more plants grow.plants grow.

It’s all a part of the food chain It’s all a part of the food chain that keeps nature alive, and it that keeps nature alive, and it all starts with plants growing all starts with plants growing from sunshine, air, water, and from sunshine, air, water, and nutrients.nutrients.

Animals and Plants Need Their Animals and Plants Need Their Habitats, So Be CarefulHabitats, So Be Careful

You’ve seen that there are You’ve seen that there are many different kinds of many different kinds of habitats, and many different habitats, and many different kinds of animals and plants in kinds of animals and plants in each one.each one.

Different plants are suited to Different plants are suited to different habitats: an oak tree different habitats: an oak tree does fine in the forest but could does fine in the forest but could not grow in the desert.not grow in the desert.

Most animals are so well suited Most animals are so well suited to living in one kind of habitat to living in one kind of habitat that it would be difficult for that it would be difficult for them to live in another.them to live in another.

They might not be able to find They might not be able to find the right kind of food, or the the right kind of food, or the right kind of water, or the right kind of water, or the materials they need to make a materials they need to make a home or nest.home or nest.

Animals and Plants Need Animals and Plants Need Their Habitats, So Be Their Habitats, So Be

CarefulCareful Sometimes people can mess up a Sometimes people can mess up a

habitat.habitat.

People cut down forests to get People cut down forests to get trees for lumber or to make space trees for lumber or to make space for new houses and office for new houses and office buildings.buildings.

People bring water to the desert People bring water to the desert so that they can make more so that they can make more farms.farms.

People fill in ponds with dirt so People fill in ponds with dirt so that they can build houses.that they can build houses.

What happens to the animals and What happens to the animals and plants when their habitat is plants when their habitat is destroyed?destroyed?

Sometimes they die.Sometimes they die.


CarefulCareful In one habitat, the world's rainforests, In one habitat, the world's rainforests,

many animals and plants are in danger.many animals and plants are in danger.

That’s because people are cutting down That’s because people are cutting down too many trees in the rainforests.too many trees in the rainforests.

Rainforest are tall, dense green forest Rainforest are tall, dense green forest that grow in the hottest parts of the that grow in the hottest parts of the world.world.

They are called rainforests because They are called rainforests because there is always moisture in the air and there is always moisture in the air and it drips off the leaves as if it were it drips off the leaves as if it were always raining.always raining.

Not many people live in the rainforests, Not many people live in the rainforests, but thousands of different plants and but thousands of different plants and animals.animals.

We need to be careful not to hurt this We need to be careful not to hurt this precious habitat or we will lose even precious habitat or we will lose even more of the animals and plants that live more of the animals and plants that live there.there.


CarefulCareful When a habitat is When a habitat is

destroyed, plants and destroyed, plants and animals die.animals die.

When something When something happens that causes all happens that causes all of a certain kind of plant of a certain kind of plant or animal to die off, then or animal to die off, then we say that kind of plant we say that kind of plant or animals is extinct.or animals is extinct.

Which means it no Which means it no longer exists anywhere longer exists anywhere in the world: it has died in the world: it has died off, never to be seen off, never to be seen again.again.


CarefulCareful You may know about some very You may know about some very

famous extinct animals: the famous extinct animals: the dinosaurs.dinosaurs.

They became extinct – no one They became extinct – no one knows exactly why.knows exactly why.

But extinction is not just But extinction is not just something that happened a long something that happened a long time ago.time ago.

Today many different kinds of Today many different kinds of animals and plants are animals and plants are endangered, which means that endangered, which means that there are not many of them left in there are not many of them left in the world and they are in danger of the world and they are in danger of becoming extinct.becoming extinct.

They are sometimes endangered They are sometimes endangered because of things that people do to because of things that people do to hurt their habitats: things like hurt their habitats: things like cutting down trees or polluting the cutting down trees or polluting the land and water.land and water.


CarefulCareful If people make problems, If people make problems,

they can also solve them.they can also solve them.

Many people today Many people today understand that it is not understand that it is not a good thing to destroy a good thing to destroy the habitats of plants the habitats of plants and animals.and animals.

These people are These people are working to make sure working to make sure that we find ways to that we find ways to protect the different protect the different habitats and the living habitats and the living things that depend on things that depend on them.them.

You can read more in depth You can read more in depth information about Living Things and information about Living Things and Their Environment in yourTheir Environment in your

Core Knowledge Teacher Core Knowledge Teacher HandbookHandbook on pages 318 - 332.on pages 318 - 332.

Story timeStory time

““Art is the cleverness of Odysseus; the Art is the cleverness of Odysseus; the intimate knowledge of materials in a intimate knowledge of materials in a

sculpture by Renaissance master Benvenuto sculpture by Renaissance master Benvenuto Cellini or a dress designed by Issey Miyake; Cellini or a dress designed by Issey Miyake; the inventive genius of a Leonardo da Vinci, the inventive genius of a Leonardo da Vinci,

Thomas Edison, or computer visionary Thomas Edison, or computer visionary Douglas Englebart; the verbal craft in Douglas Englebart; the verbal craft in everything from an aphorism (“Time is everything from an aphorism (“Time is Money”) to an oration (“Four Score and Money”) to an oration (“Four Score and

seven years ago, our fathers brought forth seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation”) to a on this continent a new nation”) to a

commercial slogan (“Just Do It”). commercial slogan (“Just Do It”).

In short, art isn’t to be found In short, art isn’t to be found onlyonly in galleries in galleries and museums; it is woven into the warp and and museums; it is woven into the warp and

woof of an entire civilization.”woof of an entire civilization.”

- Jeffrey J. Schnapp- Jeffrey J. SchnappDirector of Stanford Humanities LabDirector of Stanford Humanities Lab

Stanford UniversityStanford University

ReferencesReferences

Text:Text: ““What a 1st Grader Needs to Know”What a 1st Grader Needs to Know” by E.D. Hirsch Jr. by E.D. Hirsch Jr.

Images:Images: Many pictures of the animals are from the Tennessee Many pictures of the animals are from the Tennessee

Aquarium website and our listed in your 1Aquarium website and our listed in your 1stst Grade Grade Pictures.Pictures.

Documents

1st Grade Visual Art Training “Your Place or Mine”