2 2 2 2 –––– WARSWARSWARSWARS, POETS AND , POETS AND , POETS AND , POETS AND

LEGENDSLEGENDSLEGENDSLEGENDS

The Magna Charta(1215)

Signed by King John “Lackland” in front of 24 Barons at

Runnimede, it limited the power of monarchy in England.

John Lackland

(Plantagenets, 1167 –1216)

� Regent on the throne while Richard I was absent (Third Crusade, 1190 – 1194), he became king when Richard died without heirs.

� He was called:

Lackland �he did not inherit his father’s properties as he was the youngest son.

Softsword � his lack of skill in battle.

� He was the legendary enemy of Robin Hood.

� Series of separate wars

between House of Valois (France)

and the House of Plantagenet

(England) for the French throne.

� They ended in the expulsion of the

Plantagenets from France.

The Hundred Years’ War(1337 – 1453)

The War of the Roses

�Dynastic civil wars between the Lancasters (red rose) and the Yorks (white rose), both supporters of the House of Plantagenet. �A Lancastrian, Henry Tudor (Henry VII) got the throne: he married Elizabeth of York, and founded the House of Tudor (reigned 117 years).

The Wars of the Roses(1455 -1485)

GeoffreyGeoffreyGeoffreyGeoffrey ChaucerChaucerChaucerChaucer

(1343(1343(1343(1343----1400)1400)1400)1400)

� ““““The Canterbury TalesThe Canterbury TalesThe Canterbury TalesThe Canterbury Tales””””: : : : collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury to visit the shrine of Saint Thomas àBecket. Chaucer writes in Modern English (� Boccaccio)

In Italy:� Dante’s Divina Commedia

� Petrarca and Boccaccio

� Marco Polo’s Il Milione

� Giotto’s paintings

Le Morte d'Arthur

(1485)

Sir Thomas Malory

It is a collection of French and English stories about the legendary King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table.

The Last Sleep of Arthur (1881)

Edward Burne-Jones

The Death of King Arthur

James Archer (1859)

����Pre-Raphaelites Brotherhood