2003-2004Technical Progress
Reports
University of California
Salinity/Drainage Research Program
Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of California
October 2004
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i Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword ....................................................................................................................................... ii
Advisory Council Members........................................................................................................... iii
Salinity/Drainage Program Annual Meeting Agenda .................................................................... iv
Teresa W-M. Fan, Richard HigashiInteraction of Se Biogeochemistry with Foodchain Disruption in Full-Scale Evaporation Basins and Pilot-Scale Drain Water systems ........................................................................1
W. T. Frankenberger, Jr., Yiqiang ZhangRemoval of Selenium from Water by Zero-Valent Iron..................................................................9
Steve Grattan, Catherine Grieve, Jim Poss, Don SuarezDoes Saline Drainage Water Affect Crop Tolerance to Boron? ..................................................19
Kurt A. Schwabe, Keith KnappIntegrated Drainwater Management in the Central Valley: A Regional Analysis of
Irrigated Agriculture ..............................................................................................................33
Norman Terry, Yi-Chieh ChangPhytoremediation of Selenium-Contaminated Drainage Sediments and Different
Transgenic Lines of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea).........................................................45
FOREWORD
The UC Salinity/Drainage Program was initiated in 1985 to develop, interpret, and disseminate research knowledge addressing critical agricultural and environmental problems of salinity, drainage, and toxic trace elements in the West Side of the San Joaquin Valley in California. The Water Resources Center and the Salinity/Drainage Program were administratively combined with the UC Center for Water Resources in 1993.
A major function of the UC Salinity/Drainage Program is to support research and extension activities that will contribute to developing optimal management strategies to cope with salinity/drainage/toxics problems in the western San Joaquin Valley. Funded research projects must be both relevant and scientifi cally sound. An external advisory committee consisting of UC scientists and individuals, listed on page iv, evaluates the merits of proposals. Appreciation is expressed to all the individuals that devoted time and made valuable contributions to the selection of the research to be supported.
This publication reports the research fi ndings of projects funded by the Salinity/Drainage Program in 2003-2004. The number of projects supported during this year is signifi cantly lower than in previous years because of the 47% reduction in budget as compared to previous years.
Foreword ii
iii Advisory Council
Manucher AlemiCA Department of Water Resources1020 Ninth StreetSacramento, CA 95814
Tad BellDepartment of Food and Agriculture1220 N StreetSacramento, CA 95814
Thad BettnerWestlands Water DistrictP. O. Box 6056Fresno, CA 93702
Andrew ChangDepartment of Environmental Sciences2452 GeologyUniversity of CaliforniaRiverside, CA 92521-0436
Doug DavisTulare Lake Drainage DistrictP. O. Box 985Corcoran, CA 93212
Mike DelamoreU.S. Bureau of Reclamation2666 North Grove Industrial Drive, #3106Fresno, CA 93727-1551
Jose FariaDepartment of Water Resources3374 East Shields AvenueFresno, CA 93726
SALINITY/DRAINAGE PROGRAMADVISORY COUNCIL
2003-2004
David GoldhamerKearney Agricultural Center9240 S. RiverbendParlier, CA 93648
Sarge GreenTranquility Irrigation DistrictP. O. Box 487Tranquility, CA 93668
Mark GrismerDepartment of LAWR209 Veihmeyer HallUniversity of CaliforniaDavis, CA 95616
Dan JohnsonU.S. Department of AgricultureNRCS2121-C Second StreetDavis, CA 95616
Steve ShafferCA Dept. of Food and Agriculture1220 N Street, Rm. 464Sacramento, CA 95814
Wayne VerrillState Water Res. Control BoardDWQP. O. Box 944213Sacramento, CA 94244-2130
Meeting Agenda iv
Salinity/Drainage Annual Meeting March 25, 2004
Red Lion Inn, Sacramento
7:45 am Registration
8:25 Welcome, John Letey, Director, UC Center for Water Resources, UC Riverside
8:30 UC Salinity/Drainage Program Research Highlights
9:45 Update of the USBR San Luis Drainage Service
Jason Phillips, USBR
10:15 BREAK Posters
10:40 Is Land Retirement Drainage Service?
Thad Bettner, Westland Water District
11:10 Results from the CVPIA Land Retirement Demonstration Project
Bea Olsen, USFWS,
Stephen Lee, USBR,
Curt Uptain, CSUS-ESRP,
Ken Lair, USBR
11:40 Selenium and Nitrate Removal from Agriculture Drain Water Using ABmet Process
Tim Pickett, Applied Biosciences Corp.
12:10 pm LUNCH Posters
1:10 Advances in Reverse Osmosis Technology
Jose Faria, DWR
Scott Irvine, USBR
1:10 Development and Application of New Solar Evaporator Regulations
Wayne Verrill, SWRCB
Lonnie Wass, Central Valley Regional WQCB
2:50 BREAK Posters
3:15 USFWS Approaches to Drainwater Risk Management
Steven Detwiler, DFWS
Thomas Maurer, DFWS
3:45 Landscape-Level Approaches to Mitigate Impacts of Selenium at Agricultural DrainwaterEvaporation Basins.
Scott Terrill, H.T. Harvey & Associates
4:15 Sensibility or Senility: Personal Reflections
John Letey, UC Center for Water Resources, UC Riverside
v
1
Interaction of Se Biogeochemistry with FoodchainDisruption in Full-Scale Evaporation Basins and Pilot-Scale
Drain Water Systems
Project Investigators:
Teresa FanOffi ce: (530) 752-1450, E-mail: [email protected]
Department of Land, Air & Water ResourcesUniversity of California, Davis
Richard HigashiOffi ce: (530) 752-1830, E-mail: [email protected]
Center for Health and the EnvironmentUniversity of California, Davis
Research Staff:
Chris Coelho, PGRWilliam Schilling, PGRTeresa Cassel, SRA
Krassi Hristova, Assistant Researcher
2
ABSTRACT:The purpose of this project is to
evaluate the Se bioremediation poten-tial (via reduction of ecotoxic risk) of combined foodchain disruption and Se volatilization in full-scale TLDD evap-oration basins and pilot-scale drain water systems. Our approach has been to assess the infl uence of ongo-ing brine shrimp harvest and fertilizer input on water chemistry, water and biota Se status, Se volatilization activi-ties, and algal community. Analyses have been conducted for monthly water and brine shrimp samples from selected saline basin cells as well as for the annual collections of water and macro invertebrate samples from both saline and less saline cells. Fertil-izer input appeared to enhance algal populations which in turn regulated brime shrimp harvest in hypsersa-line cells. Brine shrimp harvest did not appear to have a direct impact on water chemistry or the Se content of water-column biota. However, it exhibited a disruptive infl uence on Se incorporation into brine shrimp pro-teins and into benthic invertebrates. In addition, harvest act
