©2004 Intellon Corporation. All rights reserved©2005 Intellon Corporation. All rights reserved HomePlug Powerline Communications Dr. Richard Newman, University

©2004 Intellon Corporation. All rights reserved©2005 Intellon Corporation. All rights reserved

HomePlug Powerline CommunicationsHomePlug Powerline CommunicationsDr. Richard Newman, University of FloridaCameron McCaskill, Intellon Corporation

April 27, 2005

©2005 Intellon Corporation. All rights reservedPage 2

HomePlug PresentationHomePlug Presentation

HomePlug Alliance Overview PLC Challenges and Technologies HomePlug Standards Intellon Corporation HomePlug Applications – MSO Perspective


HomePlug Powerline AllianceOverviewHomePlug Powerline AllianceOverview


The HomePlug Powerline AllianceThe HomePlug Powerline Alliance A non-profit corporation A forum for the creation of an open standard

and specification for home powerline networking products and services• accelerate the demand for standards-based products• sponsor market and user education programs

http://www.homeplug.org/


HomePlug Powerline AllianceHomePlug Powerline Alliance

50+ total alliance members and growing Multi-market sponsor (board) members:


HomePlug Alliance HistoryHomePlug Alliance History March 2000:

Alliance founded by 13 industry-leading companies, Specification development process is created

May 2000:Baseline technology selected for HomePlug 1.0

June 2001:HomePlug 1.0 SpecificationSelection and verification completed in less than 1 year

February 2003:HomePlug AV effort is started

Today:• Over 50 members strong• HomePlug 1.0 based products are sold worldwide• HomePlug AV Specification is in its final stages• HomePlug BPL effort is underway


HomePlug networking specifications are the only globally recognized technology for high-speed powerline networking.

HomePlug networking specifications are the only globally recognized technology for high-speed powerline networking.


Powerline Communication Challenges and TechnologiesPowerline Communication Challenges and Technologies


PLC Challenges and TechnologiesPLC Challenges and Technologies Powerline medium Regulatory issues PHY MAC


Powerline Medium - In-HomePowerline Medium - In-Home

Variable impulse response lengths High attenuation Frequency selective fading Cyclo-stationary noise Significant impulse noise Episodically stable channels - unique per pair


Powerline Medium - Impulse ResponsePowerline Medium - Impulse Response


Powerline Medium - Frequency ResponsePowerline Medium - Frequency Response


Powerline Medium - Impulse NoisePowerline Medium - Impulse Noise

Halogen light Yard light

Light dimmer Hair dryer


Powerline Regulatory EnvironmentPowerline Regulatory Environment FCC part 15 Rules in US Licensed bands - limits Notching for ham bands Emission limits (esp. > 30 MHz) International -

• Variety of limits in Europe• Japan may revise rules to allow PLC

State of Flux = Next gen products will include programmable notching


Powerline PHY ChallengesPowerline PHY Challenges

Usable bandwidth not contiguous Regulatory emission limits High noise floor

• Appliances• RF interference

Impulse noise common Selective, time-varying fading channels

Achieve high/full coverage Operate near the Shannon limit


Powerline PHY TechnologiesPowerline PHY Technologies Sync detect for PCS

Modulation• OFDM vs. Wavelets• Symbol length, shaping• Cyclic prefix (guard interval)

Forward Error Correction• Copy codes• Turbo codes vs. concatenated RS/CC• Block size choices• Cross-layer adaptation with MAC ARQ


Powerline MAC ChallengesPowerline MAC Challenges

Must support channel adaptation Handle impulse noise events Cope with no real PCS Cope with no collision detection Provide delivery guarantees for multimedia Provide security

Be very efficient


Powerline MAC TechnologiesPowerline MAC Technologies

Channel estimation Virtual Carrier Sense Contention-free TDMA CSMA/CA for burst traffic Framing ARQ Clock synchronization for jitter control cryptography RTS/CTS


HomePlug StandardsHomePlug Standards


HomePlug StandardsHomePlug Standards

HomePlug 1.0 HomePlug AV HomePlug BPL


HomePlug 1.0HomePlug 1.0


HomePlug 1.0 PHYHomePlug 1.0 PHY

OFDM 76 carriers used from 4.4-20.7 MHz 5.12us symbol time + 3.28us guard interval BPSK/QPSK differential modulation Concatenated Reed-Solomon/Convolutional code Rate 1/2 and 3/4 code selection Robust Performance in presence of Noise/Jammers Up to 14 Mbps raw PHY rate/10 Mbps after coding ROBO mode for broadcast/multicast Physical Carrier Sense base on sync detection


HomePlug 1.0 MACHomePlug 1.0 MAC

CSMA/CA Virtual Carrier Sense - length in FC 4 levels of priority for differentiated service Advanced contention resolution Variable tone map, including code rate selection Packets of ~0.5ms to ~2ms Packet bursting to avoid contention Stop&Wait ARQ 56-bit DES in CBC mode for privacy Bridging function


HomePlug 1.0 PerformanceHomePlug 1.0 PerformanceIPT32 Throughput distribution - 472 houses - 6690 paths 5-11-01

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5

Mbps

Nu

mb

er

of

pa

ths

.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

90.00%

100.00%

% o

f p

ath

s w

ith

th

rou

gh

pu

t e

xc

ee

din

g X

ax

is v

alu

e

total paths in this 100 kbps band of thruput -includes missing pc2 files

no missing PC2 files

including missing PC2 files that could be noconnects

> 5 Mbps in 80% of paths

> 1.5 Mbps in 98% of paths


HomePlug 1.0 HistoryHomePlug 1.0 History

March 2000HomePlug

formed

June 2000HomePlug1.0

BaselineTechnology

selected

FinalizedDraft

Specification

500 HomeField Trial

June 2001HomePlug 1.0Spec Released

FirstHomePlug 1.0

compatibleChip Set avail.

Q1/2002First HP1.0products to

market

July 2002First Single-

Chip solutionsfor HP1.0

HomePlug 1.0products continue

to sell oninternational basis

2000 2001 2002 2003

Q2 2004: 1 millionth IC soldQ4 2004: 2 millionth IC sold


HomePlug AVHomePlug AV


HomePlug AV PHYHomePlug AV PHY

Windowed OFDM – 917 carriers 1.8 – 30 MHz

40.96us symbol time, 4.96us rolloff Variable Cyclic Prefix Turbo Convolution Codes, copy codes Robust Frame Control (-5 dB) Robo Modes (5 & 10 Mbps) Bit Loaded Payload

• Tone Maps synchronized with AC line cycle• coherent modulation up to 1024-QAM• 200 Mbps channel rate / 150 Mbps information rate


HomePlug AV MACHomePlug AV MAC

Central Controller (CCo) for network management

Two access methods• CSMA • TDMA

Continuous channel adaptation 2-Level Framing with SACK

• 80%+ efficiency range for video

128-bit CBC mode AES-based security


HomePlug AV MAC - Medium AccessHomePlug AV MAC - Medium Access All stations in logical network associate with CCo CCo selection by station capabilities and location TDMA link allocations are provided by CCo

• CCo does call admission, schedules dynamically• Beacons generated by CCo contain schedules• Used by streams requiring guaranteed Quality of Service

– HDTV, SDTV, Home Theater Audio, VoIP

CSMA/CA Regions specified by CCo• Similar to HomePlug 1.0• For asynchronous traffic


HomePlug AV - Other FeaturesHomePlug AV - Other Features

Advanced Network Management capabilities• plug-and-play• user and service provider set-up and configuration• SNMP MIBs

Co-existence modes • HomePlug 1.0.1• Broadband over Powerline (BPL) • multi-network operation and hidden node service


HomePlug AV - Field Performance (34 homes)HomePlug AV - Field Performance (34 homes)

PHY Rate Waterfall

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

PHY Rate (Mbps)

Path

Cov

erag

e (%

)


HomePlug AV StatusHomePlug AV Status

May 2003HomePlug AVRFP released

Completion of HomePlug AV Specification

Q2/2004Technology Selection for

HomePlug AV

First HomePlug AVICs available

2003 2004 2005


HomePlug BPLHomePlug BPL


HomePlug BPL: Yesterday HomePlug BPL: Yesterday

Most BPL Solutions

Most BPL Solutions HomePlug

v1.0

HomePlug v1.0

The Internet

The Internet


The Vision: All Together NowThe Vision: All Together Now

HomePlug BPL

HomePlug BPL HomePlug

AV and v1.0

HomePlug AV

and v1.0

The Internet

The Internet


HomePlug BPL Specification StatusHomePlug BPL Specification Status Builds on the HomePlug AV Specification Interoperable with HomePlug AV devices Adds features unique to BPL

• Multiple CCo Management• Routing & Concatenation

Leverages economy of scale of HomePlug AV• Same ICs will likely support both HomePlug AV & BPL

BPL Specification• Preliminary complete October 2005• Ratified November-December 2005• ICs available December 2005


Intellon CorporationIntellon Corporation


What Intellon DoesWhat Intellon Does

We design and build integrated circuits that allow products to communicate over existing powerlines.

Adapters Embedded Products

Plugging the resulting product into any power outlet provides power and reliable connectivity.

Instant Networking: Just Plug It In!


Intellon CorporationIntellon Corporation

World leader in powerline communications technology, IC sales and product enablement

Two IC product lines• HomePlug® – main revenue driver• SSC – legacy line for command and control, trucking

Have shipped over 5 million powerline ICs, including 2+ million HomePlug 1.0 chipsets

80 employees (48 engineers) + 30 contractors Offices in Ocala, Florida (HQ), Toronto and San

Jose, CA


Key Companies EnabledKey Companies Enabled


Products with Intellon ICsProducts with Intellon ICs

Adapters PL-Ethernet adapter PL-USB adapter PL-802.11g wireless

range extender/AP Digital/analog audio

bridge

Embedded Products Desktop PC Media TV DSL gateway Cable gateway VoIP gateway IP security camera Satellite receiver

• Back channel application

Audio streamer


Intellon’s ICsIntellon’s ICs

HomePlug 1.0 – 14 MbpsIC: INT5200Available: NowAdd-In BOM Cost: $10Primary Applications: Service provider gateways (cable, ADSL),broadband installation extension cord, set top box back channel, WiFi extension, VoIP extension, audio streaming, home security

HomePlug 1.0 w/ Turbo Mode – 85 MbpsIC: INT5500Available: NowAdd-In BOM Cost: $12-15Primary Applications: Standard definition (SD) television streaming, IPTV gateways and set top boxes, high-end/multi-room audio

HomePlugAV – 200 MbpsIC: INT6000Available: Q4 2005Add-In BOM Cost: $17-20Primary Application: Multiple high definition (HD) television streaming, multi-room PVR


Service Providers Deploying HomePlugService Providers Deploying HomePlug


Quote from Comcast VPQuote from Comcast VP

“Our 2004 trial confirmed that HomePlug adapters are reliable and simple to install, providing an excellent alternative in older homes, for example, where broadband installations can be more challenging…HomePlug adapters support our vision by enabling our customers to easily add additional computers and broadband devices wherever they want throughout their home.”

Mitch Bowling, VP of Operations and Technical Support, Comcast Corporation, April 2005


HomePlug ApplicationsMSO PerspectiveHomePlug ApplicationsMSO Perspective


HomePlug Applications – Broadband HomePlug Applications – Broadband ExtensionExtension


HomePlug Applications – VoIP ExtensionHomePlug Applications – VoIP Extension


HomePlug Applications – WiFi ExtensionHomePlug Applications – WiFi Extension


HomePlug Applications – Home HomePlug Applications – Home NetworkingNetworking


HomePlug Applications – HD Video HomePlug Applications – HD Video NetworkingNetworking


The HomePlug Digital HomeThe HomePlug Digital Home


HomePlug Benefits to MSOsHomePlug Benefits to MSOs

Increase Self-Install Rate of Broadband & VoIP Deployment

Ease professional installations that would otherwise require drilling holes and fishing cables

Provide a rock-solid, whole house network backbone to all 40+ power outlets in the home

Deploy multi-room PVR and HD video networking with No New WiresTM

Documents

©2004 Intellon Corporation. All rights reserved©2005 Intellon Corporation. All rights reserved HomePlug Powerline Communications Dr. Richard Newman, University