Three Revolutions

The Glorious Revolution

The American Revolution

The French Revolution

The Glorious Revolution

What was the Glorious Revolution?

• England 1689• How change came about

– In 1653 parliament was dissolved became a military dictatorsip, people were unhappy

– In 1660 the throne was restored (restoration)– Parliament’s powers returned (no taxes without consent)– Habeas Corpus Act (right to a fair trial, mentioned in US

constitution)

What was the affect of the Glorious Revolution?

• Turning point in English constitutional history

• Parliament limited monarch’s power and control

• England became a constitutional monarchy (powers of monarch are limited by constitution)

• English bill of rights was created

• Formal summary of the rights and liberties of the people

• Monarch was forbidden to make decisions without parliament approval

How did the American Revolution start?

-Britain believed American colonies should pay taxes in return for security-Colonists believed no taxation without representation (Parliament was not representing colonists)-Colonists also wanted to expand west

What happened during the American Revolution?

• Colonists fight started in 1775• Declaration of In dependence signed in 1776• In 1781 British armies surrendered• Loose confederation, afraid of strong

government• Government was too weak, couldn’t tax or

make treaties

What happened after the American Revolution?

• 1787 a group of leaders met in Philadelphia• Constitution was written• Model for new democracies around the world• Great debate over strong vs. weak

government• Set up a representative government• Federal government was formed

How did the French Revolution begin?

-People were unhappy with monarchy

-Clergy and nobility had priveleges

-only commoners paid taxes

-Inspired by American revolution

-people were hungry and felt the king didn’t care

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• Enlightenment caused people to rethink ideas

• 1789- Louis raised taxes

• Peasant uprising across country

• Fought to win democratic freedom

What happened after the French Revolution?

• National Assembly made needed changes

• Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was created

• Strongly influenced by enlightenment and American Declaration of Independence

• New Assembly not accepted by the king or aristocrats

• Other European nations with absolute monarchies feared democracy

• 1792- royal family imprisoned, radical legislature took charge

• Reign of terror began-people killed for believing in revolution

• 1799, Military leader, Napoleon Bonaparte took charge and created a dictatorship

• Not until mid1800’s that democracy developed in France

Reign of Terror filmQuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.

Fr and Am rev comparison- filmQuickTime™ and aSorenson Video 3 decompressorare needed to see this picture.