1. Chng 3 Giao dch in t Nguyn Th Hng Vn [email_address]

2. TMDT - 3 giai on pht trin chnh Thng mi Thng tin(i-Commerce) Thng tin ( Information)ln mng web Trao i, m phn, t hng qua mng (e-mail, chat, forum...) Thanh ton, giao hng truyn thng Thng micng tc (c-Business) Integrating /Collaborating Ni b doanh nghip cc b phn lkt(integrating)v kt ni vi cc i tc kinh doanh ( connecting) Thng mi Giao dch(t-Commerce) Hp ng in t (k kt qua mng) Thanh ton in t (thc hin qua mng)(onlinetransaction ), 1. 3. 2. 3. Ni dung

Hp ng in t - P103

Thanh ton in t - p130

Ch k in t - p473

Luat dieu chinh TMDT

4. 1. Hp ng in t

Tng quan v hp ng in t

Mt s hp ng in t ph bin

Mt s im cn lu khi s dng hp ng thng mi in t

5. 1.1. Tng quan v Hp ng in t

iu 11, mc 1, Lut mu v Thng mi in t UNCITRAL 1996: Hp ng in t c hiu l hp ng c hnh thnh thng qua vic s dng thng ip d liu

Lut giao dch in t ca Vit Nam 2005: Hp ng in t l hp ng c thit lp di dng thng ip d liu theo quy nh ca Lut ny

6.

Thng ip d liu: Thng tin c to ra, c gi i, uc nhn v lu tr bng phng tin in t

iu 10. Hnh thc th hin thng ip d liu: Thng ip d liu c th hin di dng hnh thc trao i d liu in t, chng t in t, th in t, in tn, in bo, fax v cc hnh thc tng t khc (webpage, file m thanh, file vn bn)

1.1. Tng quan v Hp ng in t 7. 1. 2. Mt s Hp ng in t

Hp ng truyn thng c a ln web

Hp ng in t hnh thnh qua cc thao tc click, browse, typing

Hp ng hnh thnh qua nhiu giao dch bng email

Hp ng c k qua cc sn giao dch in t, hp ng in t s dng ch k s

8. Hp ng truyn thng c a ln web

Hp ng ng k s dng dch v Internet, in thoi

Hp ng t vn

Hp ng du lch

Hp ng vn ti

Hc trc tuyn

Bn A Bn B Ni dung iu 1. iu 2. .. Ti ng 9.

Hp ng in t hnh thnh qua: click, browse, typing

Amazon.com

Kodak.com

Hp ng in t hnh thnh qua email

Case study: gm s

Case study: my tre

Hp ng in t s dng ch k s

Quy trnh k s

10. Khi hng Eastman Kodak v tnh nim yt nhm gi cho mt loi my nh k thut s trn website ti Vng quc Anh vigi 100 bng thay v 329 bng , hng nghn n t hng c thc hin qua mng trc khi cng ty pht hin v sa li. Kodak ng trc hai la chn: - Thng bo cho khch hng v s nhm ln v t chi giao hng - Chp nhn thc hin ton b cc n t hng Gii php 2. Thit hi khong 2 triu USD 11. Giao kt hp ng qua emails

Ngi bn (Vit Nam) v Ngi mua (Nht Bn) gp nhau ti Hi ch ti Vit nam v tha thun bng ming hp ng mua bn vongy 4 thng 6 nm 2004:

- 5.000 sn phm bnh gm (theo mu thng nht)

- gi 2 USD/pc FOB Hi Phng

- giao hng 45 ngy sau khi k hp ng

- thanh ton TTR 50 trc khi giao hng

- thanh ton nt 50% sau khi giao hng

- cng n Yokohama, Nht Bn

12. Giao kt hp ng qua emails Ngy 11 thng 6, Ngi mua (Nht Bn) ngh Ngi bn (Vit Nam) tho mt hp ng vi cc iu khon tha thun. Nhn vin ca Ngi bn (VN) tho mt hp ng bng e-mail vi ni dung chnh nh hai bn tha thun, cui email ghi:Best regards Nguyen Van NB DIRECTOR ABC Import-Export Co., Ltd. 1A Lang thuong, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam Tel: 84-4-7751581; Fax: 84-4-7751582 13. Giao kt hp ng bng emails Ngy 11 thng 7, Ngi mua (JP) email ngh Ngi bn (VN) gim gi 10% do tnh hnh th trng ti Nht Bn xu i. NB (VN) sau khi cn nhc, nh gi tnh hnh tr li bng e-mail trong ngy hm rng khng ng vi ngh gim gi Ngy 25 thng 7, Ngi mua tr li do Ngi bn khng ng gim gi nn khng thc hin hp ng na 14. Giao kt hp ng bng emails

Cu hi

• Hp ng c hnh thnh khng

• Hp ng hnh thnh vo thi im no, ti u

• Ngi bn (VN) c kh nng thng kin nu khi kin hay khng

• A -- t hng-- B

• A --Chp nhn -- B

• A -- Xc nhn-- B

15. 1.3. Mt s im cn lu khi k kt v thc hin hp ng in t

Nhng hp ng no c th k di dng d liu in t ?

16. Nhng hp ng no c th k di dng d liu in t ?

24 Lut thng mi 2005: quy nh H mua bn hng ha c th hinbng vn bn, li ni, hnh vi

27: Quy nh H mua bn hng ha quc t phi c thc hin trn c s hp ng bng vn bn hoc hnh thc khc c gi tr tng ng

12 Lut giao dch in t: Trng hp php lut yu cu thng tin phi c th hin bng vn bn th thng ip d liu c xem l p ng yu cu ny nu thng tin cha trong thng ip d liu c th truy cp v s dng c tham chiu khi cn thit

17. Giao dch qua cc phng tin in t

Mt doanh nghip gi th in t t hng v nhn c chp nhn ca pha bn kia bng fax. Hp ng ny c gi tr khng?

C.

Lut giao dch in t, iu 4, K6: Giao dch in t l giao dch c thc hin bng cc phng tin in t

Vi iu kin:

• Cc bn tha thun s dng hnh thc ny

• C k tn ng du

• Cn xc nhn nhn c chp nhn

18. Gi tr tng ng bn gc

Hp ng in t c forward (gi chuyn tip) vo mt hp th in t chuyn dng lu tr c gi tr nh bn gc hay khng?

iu 15. Lu tr thng ip d liu

Ni dung ca thng ip d liu c th truy cp v s dng c tham chiu khi cn thit;

Ni dung ca thng ip d liu c lu trong chnh khun dng m n c khi to, gi, nhn hoc trong khun dng cho php th hin chnh xc ni dung d liu ;

Thng ip d liu c lu tr theo mt cch thc nht nh cho php xc nh ngun gc khi to, ni n, ngy gi gi hoc nhn thng ip d liu

19. Thi gian hnh thnh hp ng

iu 17. K1: Thi im gi mt thng ip d liu l thi im thng ip d liu ny nhp vo h thng thng tin ngoi s kim sot ca ngi khi to.

20. Thi gian hnh thnh hp ng

Ngi bn nhn c mt n t hng bng th in t, c k bng ch k s ca ngi mua. Sau khi nghin cu, ngi bn gi thng ip ng vi ni dung t hng. Thi im no c coi l thng ip ny c gi i? Bit rng lc ngi bn ang Tokyo cn my ch e-mail ca ngi bn t ti H Ni.

Tr li: Thi im thng ip ri khi my ch mail ti H Ni.

21. a im hnh thnh hp ng

iu 17, khon 2. a im gi thng ip d liu ltr s ca ngi khi tonu ngi khi to l c quan, t chc hoc ni c tr ca ngi khi to nu l c nhn. Trng hp ngi khi to c nhiu tr s th a im gi thng ip d liu l tr s c mi lin h mt thit nht i vi giao dch.

Trong trng hp trn, a im no c coi l a im gi chp nhn t hng ca ngi bn: Tokyo hay H Ni.

Tr li: H Ni

22. Xc nhn nhn c thng ip d liu

Ngi nhn nhn thy thng ip d liu nhng cha m ra c, trng hp ny c c coi l nhn c hay khng?

C; iu 18, khon 2, mc b.

Ngi nhn c xem l nhn c thng ip d liu nu thng ip d liu c nhp vo h thng thng tin do ngi ch nh v c th truy cp c. Trong trng hp khng m ra, hoc khng c c c th thng bo li cho bn kia gi li

23. Xc nhn nhn c thng ip d liu

Ngi gi c c min trch i vi thng ip gi khng

iu 18, K2, : Trng hp ngi khi to gi thng ip d liu m khng tuyn b v vic ngi nhn phi gi thng bo xc nhn v cng cha nhn c thng bo xc nhn th ngi khi to c th thng bo cho ngi nhn l cha nhn c thng bo xc nhn v n nh khong thi gian hp l ngi nhn gi xc nhn.

Nu ngi khi to vn khng nhn c thng bo xc nhn trong khong thi gian n nh, th ngi khi to c quyn coi nh cha gi thng ip d liu .

24. Ch th ca hp ng in t

hp ng c hiu lc, ch th phi c nng lc php l v nng lc hnh vi, i vi hp ng in t rt kh xc nh do khng bit ch th chnh xc l ai?

Khi mua hng ti www.amazon.com, ngi bn trong hp ng in t l ai?

iu 16. Ngi khi to thng ip d liu

Mc 2 vic xc nh ngi khi to mt thng ip d liu c quy nh nh sau:

a. Mt thng ip d liu c xem l ca ngi khi to nu thng ip d liu d c ngi khi to gi hoc c gi bi mt h thng thng tinc thit lp hot ng t ng do ngi khi to ch nh;

25. Xc nh Ch th ca hp ng in t

Trong giao dch B2C:

• Uy tn, thng hiu ca chnh doanh nghip

• S xc thc ca mt c quan c uy tn (B thng mi, nh cung cp dch v Internet, c quan qun l sn giao dch in t, Verisign)

xc thc khch hng, doanh nghip cn c vo:

• Th tn dng

• ID number, a ch, vn tay, ging ni

Trong giao dch B2B:

• Cc doanh nghip xc thc ln nhau thng qua:

• C quan chng thc khi s dng ch k s

• Thng qua mt c quan qun l, t chc c uy tn

26. 2. Thanh ton in t

Vai tr ca thanh ton in t

Cc phng thc thanh ton in t

Quy trnh thanh ton in t B2B

Quy trnh thanh ton in t B2C

27. 2.1. Vai tr ca Thanh ton in t 28. 2.2. Cc bn tham gia thanh ton in t

1. Ch s hu th/ Ngi mua

Cardholder

2. Ngi bn hng

Merchant/seller

3. Ngn hng pht hnh

Issuing bank

4. Ngn hng ca ngi bn

Acquirer s financial institution

5. Hip hi th TD

Card association (VISA, MasterCard)

6. Bn th ba

Third-party processors (outsourcers performing same duties formerly provided by issuers, etc.)

29. 2.3. Cc phng thc thanh ton in t:Th tn dng & Th ghi n 30.

Mt loi th thanh ton cho php cc giao dch thanh ton c thc hin khi t gn thit b c th nh tr ph giao thng trn ng cao tc, tr v tu in ngm c gi l g?

contact card.

contactless card

debit card.

optical memory card.

31. 2.3. Quy trnh thanh ton in t B2C 32. 2.2. Quy trnh thanh ton in t B2B

L/C

eUCP

33. 3. Ch k in t 34. Ch k in t & Nguyn tc s dng

Ch k in t dng lm g?

Tng t nh ch k truyn thng, ch k in t dng k trn cc thng ip d liu

Hnh thc th hin ca ch k in t

Ch k in t c to lp di dng t, ch, s, k hiu, m thanh hoc cc hnh thc khc bng phng tin in t, gn lin hoc kt hp mt cch logic vi thng ip d liu

35. Mc ch ca ch k in t

Gn lin hoc kt hp mt cch logic vi thng ip d liu nhm:

- xc nhn ngi k thng ip d liu v

- xc nhn s chp thun ca ngi i vi ni dung ca thng ip d liu.

36. Cc cch to ra ch k in t

- Mt khu

- Vn tay

- S vng mc

- S tnh mch trong bn tay

- Cc yu t sinh hc khc: ging ni

- Cng ngh m ha PKI (Ch k s)

-

37.

iu 22. Ch k in t an ton

D liu to ch k ch gn duy nht vi ngi k

D liu to ch k ch thuc quyn kim sot ca ngi k

Mi thay i i vi ch k in t sau thi im k u c th b pht hin

Mi thay i i vi ni dung thng ip d liu sau thi im k u c th b pht hin

Ngun: iu 22, Lut Giao dch in t

38.

Ch k s: L mt dng ch k in t c to ra bng s bin i mt thng ip d liu s dng h thng mt m khng i xng theo ngi c c thng ip d liu ban u v kha cng khai ca ngi k c th xc nh c chnh xc:

Vic bin i nu trn c to ra bng ng kha b mt tng ng vikha cng khai

S ton vn ca ni dung thng ip k t khi thc hin vic bin i d liu nu trn

Ngun: iu 1, khon 4, Ngh nh 26/2007

39.

Lu v khi nim ch k s:

• Ch k s l mt dngch k in t

• Da trn cng ngh kha cng khai (PKI):Mi ngi cn 1 cp kha gm kha cng khai & kha b mt.

• Kha b mt dng to ch k s (CKS)

• kha cng khai dng thm nh CKS-> xc thc

iu 22. Ch k in t an ton

Khon 2: Ch k in t c t chc chng thc ch k in t chng thc c xem l m bo cc iu kin an ton

40. Ba lu khi s dng ch k s

Kha b mt (Private key) gi b mt, ch ngi k c s dng

Kha cng khai (Public key) cng khai cho mi ngi bit s dng giao dch vi mnh

Chng th s: Cng c kim tra quan h gia kha b mt v kha cng khai v thng tin v ngi gi/thu bao c cp cp kha . Cu ni: Kha b mt Kha cng khai Thng tin v ngi c cp cp kha.

41. Minh ha: Quy trnh gi & nhn hp ng c k s Hp ng H rt gn H rt gn & m ha 1.Bm 2.K s 3.Dnphong b 4.Mphong b 5. Kim trach k 6. Kim trani dung My tnh Ngi gi My tnh Ngi nhn INTERNET INTERNET H rt gn & m ha H rt gn H rt gn H rt gn & m ha Hp ng Hp ng Hp ng 42.

Chng trnh k in t:

l chng trnh my tnh c thit lp hot ng c lp hoc thng qua thit b, h thng thng tin, chng trnh my tnh khc nhm to ra mt ch k in t c trng cho ngi k thng ip d liu.

Ngun: Lut Giao dch in t, iu 4, khon 3

Gi tr php l ca ch k s

Trong trng hp php lut quy nh vn bn cn c ch k th yu cu i vi mt thng ip d liu c xem l p ng nu thng ip d liu c k bng ch k s.

Ngun: Lut Giao dch in t, iu 8, Khon 1

43. Dch v chng thc CKS

iu 3, khon 6: L mt loi hnh dch v chng thc ch k in t, do t chc cung cp dch v chng thc ch k s cp. Dch v chng thc ch k s gm:

• To cp kha bao gm kha cng khai v kha b mt cho thu bao

• Cp, gia hn, tm dng, phc hi v thu hi chng th s ca bao gm c kha cng khai

Duy tr trc tuyn c s d liu v chng th s

• Kha cng khai ca cc thu bao kim tra Thng ip

• Kha cng khai ca bn thn CQCT kim tra Chng th s

Nhng dch v khc c lin quan theo quy nh

44. Quy trnh to Chng th s CHNG CH S C CQCT K S K S Ch k ca CQCT CHNG TH S - Thng tin v NG - KHA C.KHAI - S - Hn s dng RT GN Ni dung rt gn B1. CQCT to cp kha cho thu bao CHNG TH S - Thng tin v NG - KHA C. KHAI - S - Hn s dng K S Ch k ca CQCT B2. CQCT to ni dung chng th s B3. Rt gn chng th s B4. CQCT k s vo Chng th s NGI GI cp kha ca ngi gi C QUAN C.THC cp kha ca CQ CT 45. B1. Rt gn vn bn cn gi B2. Dng KBM k s vo vn bn B3. Gi Vn bn + Ch k s + Kha CC + Chng th s qua Internet B4. Rt gn vn bn nhn c B5. Gii m ch k s c bn rt gn ca VB (=KCC ca NG) B6. So snh 2 bn rt gn xc thc ni dung Vn bn B7.Kim tra Chng th s xc thc Kha Cng Khai c ng ca Ngi gi khng ! (= KCC ca C quan Chng thc) 46.

QUIZ

47. Quizz

7 Ngh nh s 57/2006/N-CP v Thng mi in t (15): Khch hng t hng mua sch qua mng v mc mt li nhp s lng hng cn mua, thay v mua 10 nhp nhm l mua 100 cun sch, s tin thanh ton bng th tn dng b tr cho 100 cun sch. Ngi mua thng bo bng email cho ngi bn v li trn ngay sau . Mt tun sau, khi nhn c l hng, ngi mua tr li 90 cun sch cho ngi bn. Ngi bn khng chp nhn v hp ng c thc hin

Ngi bn hnh ng nh trn l sai

Ngi mua phi chu trch nhim v pht hin li qu mun

Hai bn thng lng tip gii quyt s sch chnh lch

Ngi mua phi chu trch nhim v h gy ra li nhp sai d liu

48.

Quiz:Tt c cc dch v nhm m bo khch hng nhn c sn phm m h t mua qua mng trong thi gian cam kt c gi l g?

Vn ti - transport.

Thc hin n hng - order fulfillment.

logistics.

back-office operations.

49.

Lut giao dch in t ca Vit Nam (13). Hp ng c bn A to ra di dng vn bn word, k v gi cho bn B, bn B chp nhn ton b ni dung, bi en mt s iu khon nhn mnh, k v gi li cho bn A. chc chn, bn B trc khi gi chuyn hp ng sang nh dng pdf v t password cm thay i ni dung. Hp ng bn A nhn li c c coi l c gi tr nh vn bn gc hay khng

Khng

Lut cha quy nh r trng hp ny

C

Ch hp ng dng word do bn B to ra c coi l c gi tr nh bn gc