31599063 Building Energy Passive Cooling Techniques

7/28/2019 31599063 Building Energy Passive Cooling Techniques

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Passive cooling techniques

PASSIVE COOLING TECHNIQUESAsia Pro Eco Training Workshop in the Maldives

B. Mohanty



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Building cooling strategy

Minimizing solargains through

fabric

Minimizingcasual gains

Daytimeventilation

Minimizing solargains through

openings

COMFORT TARGET

COMFORT TARGET

PROVISION OF COOLING



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Building cooling strategy


PASSIVE COOLING

Radiant coolingto night sky

Night airventilation

Latent cooling bydehumidification

Earth contact

MECHANICAL COOLING

Active Solar ConventionalRefrigeration

Humidity

control

Air

movement

USE OF AMBIENT HEAT SINKS ADJUSTING COMFORT PARAMETERS


PASSIVE COOLING

Radiant coolingto night sky

Night airventilation

Latent cooling bydehumidification

Earth contact

MECHANICAL COOLING

Active Solar ConventionalRefrigeration

Humidity

control

Air

movement

USE OF AMBIENT HEAT SINKS ADJUSTING COMFORT PARAMETERS



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Passive cooling

• Passive design

• Internal conditions modified due to thebehavior of building form and fabric, without

or with a little mechanical assistance

• Strategies for passive cooling

• Minimize heat gain, maximize heat removal to

avoid “overheating” in spaces and reduce or

eliminate ventilation and A/C energy uses

• Important elements

• Building envelope

• Other structural elements

• Ventilation strategy



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Passive cooling design factors

• Human thermal comfort

• Bioclimatic chart for analysis of climate and

human comfort

• Air movement• Radiation heat effect



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Bioclimatic chart

Source: Olgay



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Comfort zone on a psychrometric chart

P i li



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Bioclimatic analysis (Givoni)

y

P i li



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Passive cooling methods

• Comfort ventilation

9 Daytime

• Night ventilation for cooling

• Radiant cooling9 Using roofs or radiators

• Direct evaporative cooling

9 Cooling tower

• Indirect evaporative cooling

9 Roof ponds

• Soil or earth cooling

y

Passive cooling



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Use of ambient heat sinks

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t Passive cooling



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Night ventilation

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t Passive cooling



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The radiant sky

The cooling function of the courtyard in hot arid climates

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t Passive cooling



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“Skytherm” cooling system

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t Passive cooling



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Earth cooling

Underground dwellings at Matmata, Tunisia

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n t Passive cooling



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Earth contact cooling system

Earth contact cooling system for a church in Normal, Illinois

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n t Passive cooling



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Effect of night ventilation

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Night ventilation & night sky radiation

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n t Passive cooling



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gtechniques

Direct & indirect evaporative coolers

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n t Passive cooling



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gtechniques

Radiative & evaporative cooling

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n t Passive cooling



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techniques

Evaporative cooler & dehumidifier

Ambient air

Dehumidifier

building

Ambient air

Evaporativecooler

building

Dehumidifier

Ambient air

Evaporativecooler

building

Dehumidifier

Ambient air

Evaporative cooler

Dehumidifier

Recirculation

Ambient air

Dehumidifier

Evaporative cooler

Dehumidifier

Recirculation

ry

n t Passive cooling



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techniques

Solar regenerated desiccant dehumidifier

ry

n t Passive cooling



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techniques

Air-to-air heat exchanger

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n t Passive cooling h



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techniques

Configuration of solar chimneys

try

en t Passive cooling

t h i



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techniques

Wind-induced pressure distribution

try


t h i



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techniques

“La Sucka” ventilation terminal

Enhanced ridgesuction

try


techniques



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techniques

Windowless night ventilator

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techniques



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techniques

Examples of passive cooling designs

try


techniques



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techniques

Examples of passive cooling designs

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techniques



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techniques

Minimizing cooling demand first

• Solar protection is the most important factor in

warm climates

• Protecting building and its occupants from

solar heat and visual glare

• Some options for solar protection

• Building layout and orientation

• Window sizing, location and details

• Shading devices

• Colour of building envelope

• Vegetation near the building

try


techniques



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techniques

Common shading strategies

• External projections

• overhangs

• External systems

• Louvers and screens• Special window glazing

• Reflective, low-e, etc.

• Internal systems

• Curtains and blinds

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techniques



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techniques

Advanced insulation technology

Documents

31599063 Building Energy Passive Cooling Techniques