4.05

Chemical ReactionsVirtual Lab

Curriculum Standards• National:

• Florida:

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Curriculum Objectives for 4.05• Objectives (includes higher-order thinking):

– Review skills from 3.05, 3.08, 4.02, 4.03, 4.04– Identify types of reactions– Observe chemical reactions– Identify diatomic molecules– Predict the products of reactions– Apply an activity series to a single replacement

reaction– Balance equations using ion charges, subscripts, and

coefficients

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Periodic Table

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Review from 3.05/3.08

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Vocabulary (Literacy Skill)Synthesis: Synthesize/combine (Review of 4.04)A + B → AB1. Metal with a nonmetal makes an ionic compound (salt)Ca + Cl2 → CaCl2

2. Two nonmetals form a binary molecule2H2 + O2 → 2H2O3. Metal oxide plus water forms a metal hydroxideCaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2

4. Nonmetal oxide plus water forms an oxyacid (acid and oxygen)

SO3 + H2O → H2SO4

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Vocabulary (Literacy Skill)Decompostion: To decompose; to break down (Review of 4.04)AB → A + B1. Binary compound decomposes2NaCl → 2 Na + Cl2

2. Metal carbonate becomes a metal oxide and carbon dioxideCaCO3 → CaO + CO2

3. Metal chlorate becomes a metal chloride and oxygen gas2KClO3→ 2KCl + 3O2

4. Metal hydroxide becomes a metal oxide and waterCa(OH)2 → CaO + H2O5. Oxyacid (acid and oxygen) makes nonmetal oxide and waterH2SO4 → SO3 + H2O

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Vocabulary (Literacy Skill)Single Replacement: More reactive element “replaces/switches places” with less reactive element (Review of 4.03)A + BY → AY + BUse Activity Series to determine if reaction happens (from 4.03)

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Vocabulary (Literacy Skill)Single Replacement:*You need to remember the ion charges and polyatomic ions from 3.05 and 3.08; there is a list of polyatomic ions in 3.08*Show plus signs between reactants and between products*Cation (plus charge) stays on left of compound and anion (negative charge) is on the right of the compound

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Vocabulary (Literacy Skill)Double Replacement: Couple trades partners with other couple (Review of 4.03)AY + BZ → AZ + BY*No Activity Series for double replacement reactions.*You need to remember the ion charges and polyatomic ions from 3.05 and 3.08; there is a list of polyatomic ions in 3.08*Show plus signs between reactants and between products*Cation (plus charge) stays on left of compound and anion (negative charge) is on the right of the compoundNaCl + KBr → NaBr + KCl2NaOH + CuCl2 → 2NaCl + Cu(OH)2

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Vocabulary (Literacy Skill)Seven Diatomic MoleculesH2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, I2

Example: 2NaCl→ 2Na + Cl2

*Appear as a pair in nature*Know these when writing and balancing equationsSubscript 2 when the molecule is written alone

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Vocabulary (Literacy Skill)Combustion: Oxygen is a reactant; exothermic; heat and light are released; reaction burns “in air” (oxygen is a reactant from the air); notice the diatomic moleculesExamples: 2Ca + O2 → 2CaOCH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O

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Scaffolding: Breaking directions into easier steps (Literacy Skill)

Writing a chemical equation (you learned this in 4.02, 4.03, and 4.04)

1. Identify the type of reaction

2. Write the products (check for diatomic molecules)

3. Write the charges4. Balance the charges

using subscripts5. Balance the equation

using coefficients

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Writing products and balancing reactions (very important to practice)

1. Single replacement Check activity series firstK + ZnCl2 →

2. Double replacement

NaCl + KBr →

Al(NO3)3 + 3NaOH →

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Writing products and balancing reactions (very important to practice)

1. Single replacement (check activity series first)2K + ZnCl2 → 2KCl + Zn

2. Double replacementNaCl + KBr → NaBr + KCl

Al(NO3)3 + 3NaOH → Al(OH)3 + 3NaNO3

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Review (Literacy Skill)Writing a chemical equation

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Review 3.06, 3.08, 4.02, 4.03, and 4.04 (this lab applies all of those concepts)1. Identify the type of reaction (synthesis, decomposition, etc.).2. If it is a single replacement reaction, apply the activity series to

determine if the reaction happens.3. Write the products (if a molecule is diatomic, make sure it has a

subscript 2)4. Balance the charges of ions in an ionic compound with subscripts5. Balance the equation with coefficients (law of conservation of mass)6. Use plus signs between reactants and also between products7. Make sure you can explain your answer on the phone to your teacher on

all homework and exams

Now complete the 4.05 virtual lab

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Download the lab worksheet, fill out your observations (bubbles, changed color, etc.), write the equations, and answer the essays

We tutor this assessment FREQUENTLY so please attend LIVE tutoring (check the announcements page for the tutoring schedule).

Writing equations is very important for your exams and for segment 2. We have wonderful tutoring sessions to help you!

Woohoo!

• Now it is your turn to complete the lab worksheet before submitting the 4.05 assessment.

• Feel free to watch this tutorial again and attend tutoring. Remember, you may resubmit 4.05 until you master this topic.

• Please review this tutorial for the module 4 exam and the semester exam.

• Have a wonderful day!

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