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different in preterm compared to term colostrum were EGF, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a, IL-10, MIP-1a, MCP, and IP-10. These cytokineswere chosen for the prospective study and preliminary dataon changes in these cytokines, chemokines and growth factorsover time and relationships of milk immunobiology to clinical out-comes (time to discharge, illnesses, time to enteral feeds, and weightgain) will be presented for 44 infants enrolled to this point in thestudy.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2013.07.058
47. Immune recovery from pregnancy across the postpartum: Exvivo cytokine synthesis and dysphoric moodsM. Groer
University of South Florida, College of Nursing, 18109 Emerald BayStreet, Tampa, FL, 33647, United States
Pregnancy is associated with marked immunological changesthat may extend into the postpartum and may be associated withpostpartum moods. Little is known about the trajectory of postpar-tum immunological changes and the potential effects of suchchanges on mood. Mood, stress, and a panel of immune measureswere collected in 89 healthy women evaluated 7 times over the first6 postpartum months. The Profile of Mood States and the PerceivedStress scale were used, and blood was collected in the a.m. anddiluted in RPMI-1640 with 1 lg/ml LPS and 1 lg/ml PHA, incubatedfor 16 h, and then culture supernatants were measured by Luminexmultiplexing for concentrations of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-10, IL-12, IL-4, and IL-6. Plasma levels of C-reactive protein were measuredby ELISA. Dysphoric moods generally declined across the postpar-tum. Supernatant levels of IFN-gamma and IL-2 showed a lowestlevel at week one and gradually increased over the postpartum, sug-gesting a return of Th-1 immunity. CRP and IL-6 were highest at theweek one, returning to normal by month 6, suggesting a gradualdecrease in inflammation. There were significant relationships withdepressive mood and ex vivo cytokine production across time. Thesedata show unique postpartum immunological processes that mayplay a role in postpartum mood disturbances.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2013.07.059
48. Neuropeptides as cell gene therapy in experimental autoim-mune encephalomyelitisD. Ganea, M. Toscano, F. Emig, K. Hooper
Temple University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology&Immunology, 3500 N. Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States
Dendritic cells (DC) initiate immune responses as well as antigen-specific tolerance. We showed previously that the neuropeptidevasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) suppresses innate immuneresponses, generates tolerogenic dendritic cells, and has therapeuticeffects in models of autoimmune/inflammatory disorders. To gener-ate tolerogenic DC that also provide VIP locally, we engineered VIP-expressing DC using lentiviral vectors. LentiVIP-DC secrete VIP,switch from a proinflammatory to an anti-inflammatory cytokineprofile and lose the capacity to activate T cells. A single inoculationof LentiVIP-DC in models of experimental autoimmune encephalo-myelitis (EAE) led to a reduction in clinical symptoms, associatedwith reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines andincreased levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the spinalcord of treated mice. Induction of antigen-specific regulatory T cellsand local delivery of VIP by LentiVIP-DC may represent a promising
therapeutic tool for the treatment of autoimmune diseases andinflammatory disorders.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2013.07.060
49. Development and preliminary validation of the SicknessQuestionnaire (SicknessQ)A.N. Andreasson a,b,c, R. Wicksell d, B. Karshikoff c,d, K. Lodin d,e, J.Axelsson a,c,d, C. Olgart Höglund c,f,g, M. Lekander a,c,d
a Stress Research Institute, Stockholms University, Stockholm, 106 91,Swedenb Centre for Family Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Swedenc Osher Centre for Integrative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Swedend Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Swedene Centre for Family Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Swedenf Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet,Swedeng Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
The lack of questionnaires to measure subjective feelings of beingsick made us develope the Sickness Questionnaire (SicknessQ) forassessment of sickness behavior in people. The objective of the pres-ent investigation was to test its internal consistency, criteria validity,and sensitivity to capture the sickness response in an experimentalsetting. An initial pool of items was developed based on previousresearch. The statistical properties of SicknessQ was assessed in172 men and women primary care patients with acute complaintsand involved three steps: (1) principal component analyses toreduce the number of items and to identify latent factor structures,(2) tests of internal consistencies of subscales, and (3) hierarchicalregression analyses to test criteria validity of the subscales. Subse-quently, sensitivity to change was tested in a placebo controlled exper-iment in which 31 blinded healthy men and women were injectedwith endotoxin (LPS) to provoke sickness behavior. Principal compo-nents analysis suggested a 3-factor solution with a total of 11 itemsmeasuring fatigue (5 items), pain (4 items) and emotion (2 items).The total scale as well as each of the three separate factors were signif-icantly changed 90 min after endotoxin injection as compared to base-line (p’s < .01). In all, the new 11-item SicknessQ is highly sensitive toa mild systemic inflammation. Further studies are planned to test itsusefulness and prognostic value in clinical settings.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2013.07.061
50. Monoacylglycerol lipase inhibition reduces inflammation in amurine model of acute lung injuryC. Costola-de-Souza a,b,c, A. Ribeiro b, V. Ferraz-de-Paula c, A.S. Calefi a,T.P. Aloia a, M.L. Pinheiro a, J. Palermo-Neto a
a University of São Paulo, Neuroimmunomodulation Research Group,São Paulo, Brazilb Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Drug Discovery and Development, Brazilc University of São Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratoryof Experimental Toxicology, Brazil
Endocannabinoid signaling is terminated by enzymatic hydroly-sis, a process that for 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is mediatedby monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL). The JZL184 (drug) inhibitsMAGL with potency and selectivity. It increases 2-AG levels, anendocannabinoid that acts on CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors.The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of MAGL inhibi-tion in a murine model of acute lung injury (ALI) induced by LPS.Twenty C57BL/6 male mice were used (5–8/group); mice were
e14 Abstracts / Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 32 (2013) e1–e47