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5.2: Cellular Respiration (Aerobic Respiration). Plants — make food (sugar) through photosynthesis Animals and other organisms — get food by eating plants and animals. Energy Review. Cellular respiration — glucose and food are broken down to make energy (ATP) in ALL organisms - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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5.2: Cellular Respiration
(Aerobic Respiration)
Plants—make food (sugar) through photosynthesis
Animals and other organisms—get food by eating plants and animals
Energy Review
Cellular respiration— glucose and food are broken down to make energy (ATP) in ALL organisms Occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotes Occurs in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes
Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + energy
Cellular Respiration Equation
Aerobic Respiration: breaking down of glucose molecules into smaller pieces in the presence of oxygen to produce ATP
Cellular Respiration
THREE STEPS OF AEROBIC RESPIRATION1. Glycolysis2. Kreb’s/Citric Acid Cycle3. Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
Cellular Respiration
1. Glycolysis: occurs in cytoplasm; glucose is split in half, forming a pyruvate molecule
2 ATP released Electrons released and carried to
mitochondria by NADH
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
Glycolysis quiz Where does glycolysis take place?
What molecule is used in glycolysis?
What are the products of glycolysis?
What ultimately happens to each of these products?
Write an equation that represents glycolysis
2. Kreb’s/Citric Acid Cycle: occurs in the mitochondria; pyruvate is split into smaller pieces
CO2 gas released (we breathe it out) 2 ATP released Electrons released and move to
mitochondrial membrane by NADH and FADH2
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
FAD+ FADH FAD+
NAD+ NADH NAD+
Krebs/Citric Acid Cycle Quiz Where does the CAC occur?
What molecule is used in the CAC?
What are the products of the CAC? What happens to each of these
products?
Write an equation that represents the CAC
3. Electron Transport Chain (ETC): made of proteins; occurs in the mitochondria
NADH & FADH2 drop off electrons at proteins Electrons lose energy as get passed from
protein to protein Energy used to make ATP (ATP Synthase)
32 ATP made Electrons finally passed to OXYGEN to make
WATER
Cellular Respiration
TOTAL ENERGY: 36 ATP from 1 glucose
Cellular Respiration
ETC quiz What is the ETC?
What molecules bring the electrons to the ETC?
What happens as the electrons get passed from protein to protein down the ETC?
What happens to the extra energy?
What happens to the electrons at the end of the ETC?
CR Animation
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle (CAC)
ETC
Glucose
Pyruvate
NA
DH
CO2
ATP
ATP
O2
NA
DH
FAD
H2
ATP
H2O
Cellular Respiration(Anaerobic
Respiration)
Anaerobic Respiration: breaking down glucose molecules into smaller pieces the ABSENCE of oxygen to produce ATP
Cellular Respiration
TWO STEPS OF ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION1. Glycolysis: occurs in cytoplasm; glucose is split in half, forming a pyruvate molecule
2 ATP released Electrons released and carried to
mitochondria
Cellular Respiration
TWO STEPS OF ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION 2. Fermentation: breaking down pyruvate
without oxygen
Cellular Respiration
Lactic acid fermentation: pyruvate is broken down into lactic acid + ATP 2 ATP released Lactic acid builds up as in muscle cells & causes
burning sensation (muscle cramping) during strenuous exercises
C-C-C + NADH H-C-C-C + ATP + NAD+
pyruvate e’ carrier lactic acid energy carrier
Cellular Respiration
Alcoholic fermentation: pyruvate is broken down into alcohol, carbon dioxide, and ATP in yeast and bacterial cells 2 ATP released
Used in making bread and alcohol beer
C-C-C + NADH C-C-OH + CO2 + ATPPyruvate + e’ carrier alcohol + carbon +
energy dioxide
Cellular Respiration
Eat Digestion Glycolysis
Citric acid cycle
Electron transport chain
Oxygen is present
No oxygen is present
Fermentation(anaerobic respiration)
Lactic acid fermentation
Alcoholic fermentation
In animals
In yeast
Aerobic respiration
Cellular Respiration
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Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis vs. Respirationfood synthesized food broken downrequires energy produces energyChloroplast mitochondria/cytoplasmOnly autotrophs Autotrophs and heterotrophs
(all living cells)
