5G for Connected Industries - Johannesberg Summit...Slide title 70 pt CAPITALS Slide subtitle minimum 30 pt 5G – enabling reliable low latency communication for connected industries

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70 pt

CAPITALS

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5G – enabling reliable low latency communication for connected industries

Dr. Joachim Sachs

Principal Researcher, Ericsson Research

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5G for Connected Industries | Johannesberg Summit 2015 | © Ericsson AB 2015 | 2015-05-12 | Page 2

The Power of Transformation Example: Household Electrification

TRANSFORMATION INSTALLATION

1880-1940s electrification of households from centralized power stations

• Replace gas/oil lighting with electric lighting

brighter light

reduced fire risk

cleaner

TRANSFORMATION

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› Home electronics

› Broadcasting (radio, TV)

› Personal computers

› Audio, phones, tablets, gaming, …

› Electric vehicles

› Smart homes / buildings,

› …

› Home appliances

› Refrigerator, Freezer

› Stove

› Heating, ventilation, air conditioning

› Washing machine

› Dishwasher

› …

The Power of Transformation Example: Household Electrification

INSTALLATION TRANSFORMATION TRANSFORMATION

1950s-

1940s-

1930s-

1920/30s- 1920s- 1930s-

1970s-

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› Mobile communication has

revolutionized personal communication

› Installed communication infrastructure

› Ubiquitous availability at marginal costs

› Broad capabilities and evolving

› Enabler for industry transformation with

digitized processes

ICT Beyond the inflection point

MOBILITY - BROADBAND - CLOUD

INSTALLATION

TRANSFORMATION

40 kb/s 384 kb/s

300 Mb/s

42 Mb/s

>1 Gb/s

2G 3G 4G

Peak rates

2G 3G 4G

Latency ~700 ms

~350 ms

~250 ms

~100 ms ~10 ms

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One Network – Multiple Industries

A common network platform with

dynamic and secure Network Slices

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Machine-Type Communication

Massive MTC Massive numbers

Small data volumes

Low cost

Low energy

Critical MTC Very low latency

Ultra reliable

Very high availability

Cellular networks addressing new requirements

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Machine-Type Communication

Massive MTC Massive numbers

Small data volumes

Low cost

Low energy

Critical MTC Very low latency

Ultra reliable

Very high availability

Cellular networks addressing new requirements

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Critical machine-type communication: Guaranteed in-time delivery

Factory Automation

≤ 1 ms

Motion Control

≤ 1 ms

Smart Grid

3-5 ms

Process Automation

100 ms

Intelligent Transportation Systems

5 ms

Tactile Internet

1 ms

Automated Guided Vehicle

15-20 ms

Numbers are examples, requirements vary within one application area

Remote Control

5-100 ms

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Ericsson Internal | 2014-05-06 | Page 9

– Metrics: peak, median, 95-percentile

– Metric: 99.9999…-percentile

Design Objective

latency

Guaranteed

delay limit

CD

F

100%

Focus on worst-case

latency

CD

F

100%

Exploit opportunities of

favorable conditions

“Normal” reliability (e.g. mobile Internet) Ultra-reliable low latency communication

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Reliable Real-Time Communication for Connected Industries - One 5G Use Case | Commercial in confidence | © Ericsson AB 2014 | 2014-12-03 | Page 10

› Manufacturing cell with central controller communicating

with sensors and actuators

Wireless communication enables more flexible

configuration of manufacturing cells and communication

with moving parts

Reliable Real-Time : Example Factory automation

Combination of high reliability and low latency

not achievable with current wireless standards

Characteristics

Motion

control Alarms

Maximum end-to-end

latency [ms] 0.5 to 1 1

Jitter [us] <1 –

Packet size [bytes] 10 to 16 2 to 10

Packet loss rate 10-9 10-9

Application availability 99,999 %

based on fixed links

› Small message sizes

› Periodic traffic

– Time-triggered data generation

(e.g. real time motion control)

› Sporadic traffic and alarms

– Event-triggered data generation

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Ericsson Internal | 2014-05-06 | Page 11

Transmitter

Latency Budget

Sensor

Actuator

Controller 100 µs

transmission time

• 100 µs transmission time (i.e. 10th of the end-to-end delay budget)

• Guarantee for successful in-time delivery (reliability)

1 ms total latency

Device processing Base station & controller processing

Receiver

Base Station

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Cost of Guaranteeing high Reliability

High reliability (e.g. 10-5 – 10-9)

-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 10

-10

10 -8

10 -6

10 -4

10 -2

10 0

Fading Gain (dB)

CD

F

Rayleigh fading channel

90 dB

50-90 dB fading marging

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-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 10

-10

10 -8

10 -6

10 -4

10 -2

10 0

Fading Gain (dB)

CD

F

› Diversity may be obtained through

– spatial diversity, and

– frequency diversity

› Time diversity difficult due to latency

constraint

› Coding needed to fully exploit frequency

and transmit diversity

Redundancy through diversity

Diversity is key for ultra-reliable communications

-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 10

-10

10 -8

10 -6

10 -4

10 -2

10 0

Fading Gain (dB)

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Div Order = 1

Div Order = 2

Div Order = 4

Div Order = 8

Div Order = 16

18 dB

90 dB

Rayleigh fading channel

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› Coding scheme

– Block code for packets < 10 bits

– Convolutional code for packets up to a few hundred bits

› Code rate

– Rate 1/2 – 1/3 good for performance-bandwidth tradeoff

– Minimum distance need to be greater than diversity order

› Higher order modulation

– For devices with good SNR for bandwidth efficiency

– To keep code rate low for reliability

– Maximum order limited by transmitter and receiver

impairments (EVM)

Coding & Modulation

0 1 2 3 4 5 -105

-100

-95

-90

-85

-80

-75

Minimum bandwidth (MHz)

Re

qu

ire

d r

ece

ive

d s

ign

al p

ow

er

(dB

m)

100 bit packet in 0.1 ms, 1x8 antennas

BPSK

QPSK

16QAM

64QAM

256QAM

rate 1

rate 1/2

rate 1/3

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› High reliability

– Avoid own-cell interference, preserve interference margin towards uncoordinated interference sources

– Synchronized (slotted) access helps maintain user orthogonality

– OFDM as baseline

› Latency: access slots ≤0.1 ms

– Frame structure enabling low scheduling latency

– Slot formatting enabling low processing delay

and on-the-fly decoding

– No computationally intensive receiver operation

› Traffic handling: support both periodic and sporadic traffic types

– Persistent scheduling for periodic traffic

– Dynamic scheduling or contention-based access for sporadic traffic

– All with high reliability and low latency

Waveform & Frame Structure

access slot access slot access slot access slot

data arrival

access delay

Ctr

l

Data RS

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› Robust connectivity via coordinated multipoint communication

– via multiple sites

– across multiple frequency layers

› Fallback to other RATs (e.g. LTE)

Multi-Connectivity for high Reliability

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Software Defined

Networking (SDN)

Virtualization

VNF VNF

VNF VNF

Central Data Center

VNF VNF

Distributed Data Center

Network Slicing Distributed Cloud

Flexible Network Architecture

› Network layout for optimized service performance

– E.g. local functionality for delay optimization C-MTC

device

C-MTC

appl.

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› ICT is an enabler for industry transformation based on digitized processes

–Cellular communications provides ubiquitous connectivity and broad capabilities

› 5G is addressing requirements of new use cases

including ultra-reliable low latency communication

–Diversity via coordinated multi-point communication and robust coding for reliability

–Frame format for short delay and on-the-fly processing

–Flexible network architecture for service-optimized network design and deployment

–Ultra-reliable wireless transmission within 1ms latency is possible

Summary

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Documents

5G for Connected Industries - Johannesberg Summit...Slide title 70 pt CAPITALS Slide subtitle minimum 30 pt 5G – enabling reliable low latency communication for connected industries