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A? An? The? ?

A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

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Page 1: A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

A?

An?

The?

?

Page 2: A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

English Nouns

Proper Nouns

Common Nouns

Page 3: A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

Proper nounsNo article

a. Continents

I have been to Europe but not Asia.

b. Countries

I have lived in France.

Exceptions:

The Netherlands, the Philippines

Others?

c. Cities

JCCC is in Overland Park.

d. Names with titles

He voted for President Obama.

e. Lakes

He lives near Lake Michigan.

Page 4: A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

Proper NounsDefinite Article

a. Rivers, Oceans, Seas

The Missouri River runs between Kansas & Missouri.

The Pacific is bigger than the Atlantic.

b. Mountain ranges

He has climbed the Rockies.

We hiked the Andes.

c. Not individual mountains or lakes

Hilary climbed Mount Everest.We live near Spring lake.

d. Proper names with “of” in the name

the University of Kansas,Kansas State UniversityThe Statue of Liberty

Page 5: A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

Proper Nouns (continued)

Plural geographic names (not falls)the Americas, the Hawaiian Islands

Peoplethe British, the Swiss

Deserts & foreststhe Sahara, the Black Forest

Historical periodsthe Renaissance, the Middle Ages

Plural family namesthe Smiths, the Joneses

the InternetMore

Page 6: A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

Count Non-Count

A, an

The The

Determiner Determiner

Page 7: A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

Count NounsSingle count nouns - A or An?

A (noun/adjective starting with a consonant sound)

A boy, a red apple, a university, a yes-man

An (noun/adjective starting with a vowel sound)

An honor, an honest man, an apple

Page 8: A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

Count Nouns – A/AnTo make a generalization

A cat makes a good pet.

A man should help his wife.

To identify an unspecified item

There is a dog in the back yard.

A dog chased a cat.

Page 9: A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

Count Nouns - TheSpeaker & listener both thinking about the same item

Honey, did you feed the dog?

The test next week will be easy.The teacher asked a question. Do you know the answer?

Second time something is mentioned.

A dog chased a cat. The dog caught the cat.

A student was late for class. The student is in trouble.

Page 10: A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

Count Nouns - TheAny member of a group

Most formal, more restricted use (Technical/scientific writing for inventions,

human groups, non-human groups, plants, parts of the body)

The computer is a necessity for all students.The heart is the most important muscle in the

human body.The Hmong are originally from Laos.

Page 11: A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

Plurals Count Nouns – Some or

Some - Plural, unspecified items

He had some friends over for supper.

Some students love writing essays.

- To make a generalization

Cats make good pets.

Students should come to class on time.

Page 12: A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

Non-count NounsNo plural forms but never use a or an

Wine is good for you. I got lots of mail yesterday. This room has too much furniture.Some nouns are both count/non-count.

We had chicken for supper. Chickens are dirty birds.I don’t have time for questions. How many times have you been there.

Use a quantifierI had a glass of wine with supper.

Page 13: A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

Non-count Nouns - To make a generalization

You should include fruit in your diet every day.

Do you like music?

Did you get any mail today? I got three bills!

Students should always be assigned homework.

Page 14: A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

Non-count Nouns - TheSpeaker & listener know what item is being referred to

The advice you gave me was very helpful.The vocabulary in this chapter is easy.The history of the United States is covered in that class.

Second mention of an itemI bought fruit for supper. The fruit spoiled too quickly.You tracked sand into the house. The sand is all over everything!

Page 15: A? An? The? ?. English Nouns Proper Nouns Common Nouns

Non-count Nouns - SomeUnspecified item

Will you have some wine?

Do you want to listen to some music?

Mom, I need some money for the movie tonight.