Activity group

Reading and thinking about your reading in

english

Teacher Cintia Silva

Warm up

ExpectationsEtiquette and Customs in Brazil


To be + the custom to/ supposed to + verb To be + the custom to/ supposed to + verb In Brazil, It’s the custom to shake hands when greeting one another, while maintaining steady eye contact.

When you visit someone in Brazil, you are supposed to arrive at least 30 minutes late if the invitation is for dinner.

When you visit someone in Brazil, you are supposed to arrive up to an hour late for a party or large gathering.



To be + expected to/ acceptable to + verb To be + expected to/ acceptable to + verb If invited to a Brazilian's house, you’re expected to bring the hostess flowers or a small gift.

If invited to a Brazilian's house, you aren’t supposed to give anything purple or black as these are mourning colours.

When you visit someone in Brazil, it’s not acceptable to arrive up early for a party or large gathering.



Meeting Etiquette. Men shake hands when greeting one another, while maintaining steady eye contact. . Women generally kiss each other, starting with the left and alternating cheeks. . Hugging and backslapping are common greetings among Brazilian friends.. If a woman wishes to shake hands with a man, she should extend her hand first.



Gift Giving Etiquette. If invited to a Brazilian's house, bring the hostess flowers or a small gift. . Orchids are considered a very nice gift, but avoid purple ones. . Avoid giving anything purple or black as these are mourning colours. . Handkerchiefs are also associated with funerals, so they do not make good gifts. . Gifts are opened when received.



Dining EtiquetteIf you are invited to a Brazilian's house:. Arrive at least 30 minutes late if the invitation is for dinner. . Arrive up to an hour late for a party or large gathering.

. Brazilians dress with a flair and judge others on their appearance. Casual dress is more formal than in many other countries. Always dress elegantly and err on the side of over-dressing rather than under- dressing. . If you did not bring a gift to the hostess, flowers the next day are always appreciated.

Super size me is a documental about a men called Morgan Spurlock who decided to make an experiment, eat three times on a day, for an entire month, Mc Donald's food.He did that because he saw that people in America were eaten a lot of fast food, and obesity was so common. He wanted to make common sense about this important topic that was affected the great majority of world’s population.

UFGD RESEARCH

Let’s take a look in some texts of researchs made at UFGD.

Selection of Metarhizium Anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) isolates for the control of Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stal, 1854) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) in sugarcane A.F. FreitasI; E.S. LoureiroI,II; M.E.B. de AlmeidaI; L.G.A. Pessoa

The objective of this research was to select isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) pathogenic to the froghopper Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stal, 1854) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae). The study was carried out in laboratory conditions, using specimens of the froghopper nymphs that, after being carefully separated for size in groups of 10 individuals, were inoculated with a suspension of conidia containing 1.0 x 107; 05 x 108; 1.0 x 108; 0.5 x 109 and 1.0 x 109 conidia/mL for isolate IBCB 425 (standard) of the fungus, and then kept in an incubator at 25 ± 1º C, RH 70 ± 10 and 12h photophase. The total mortality, mortality corrected by Abbott's formula and confirmed mortality were determined. It was observed that the concentration of 1.0 x 109 conidia/mL showed the greatest effect on M. fimbriolata, presenting the shortest TL50 (2.75 days). Among the isolates of M. anisopliae evaluated, 7 (UFGD 425, UFGD 22, PL 43, IBCB 348, UFGD 28, UFGD 05 and UFGD 03) caused confirmed mortality of at least 70.0% of the population of nymphs after the 7th day after inoculation, showing potential as control agents of the sugarcane root froghopper.

Froghopper

Carried out

nymphs

Carefully

Root

cigarrinha

realizado

ninfas

cuidadosamente

raiz

Health-service performance of TB treatment for indigenous and non-indigenous populations in Brazil: a cross-sectional study

Everton Ferreira Lemos, Aline Mara da Silva Alves, Giovana de Castro Oliveira, Marcella Paranhos Rodrigues, Natália Daiane Garoni Martins and Julio Croda*

Health-service evaluation studies are fundamental for proposing interventions and ensuring improvements in healthcare quality. The present study assesses the performance of health services for indigenous and non-indigenous populations with regard to tuberculosis (TB) control. Interviews with TB patients who underwent treatment between 2009 and 2011 were conducted using the Primary Care Assessment Tool adapted for TB care in Brazil. Primary healthcare (PHC) was the first treatment for most patients at symptom onset, and the diagnoses were typically performed by specialized services. Many patients experienced delayed TB diagnoses that required more than three medical appointments (51% and 47% for indigenous and non-indigenous populations, respectively). Indigenous people received social support, such as basic-needs grocery packages (2.19 ± 1.63 vs. 1.13 ± 0.49 for non-indigenous people, p < 0.01) and home visits from health professionals, with an emphasis on the performance of directly observed treatment strategies (DOT; 4.57 ± 0.89 vs. 1.68 ± 1.04 for non-indigenous people, p < 0.01). Regardless of the differences between indigenous and non-indigenous populations, the time needed to receive a TB diagnosis was unsatisfactory for both groups. Furthermore, DOT must be performed with better coverage among non-indigenous patients.

Evaluation

Ensuring

healthcare

assesses

Onset

Regardless

Furthermore

avaliação

assegurar

saúde

avalia

Investe/ ataca

independentemente

Além disso/ por outro lado

Biogas Production from Manure of the Fish Farming

MACHADO, S. T. a, JORDAN, R. A., SANTOS, R. C., PAOLETTO, A. M., REIS, J. G., AVÁLO, H.

This paper evaluated the potential of biogas production from anaerobic digestion of manure of the fish farming, species Tilapia Gift (Oreochromis niloticus). This study is part of a pilot project conducted in order to evaluate feasibility to biogas production from manure of the fish farming in zone of Grande Dourados-MS, conducted by Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD). For construction of the biodigester and gasometer model used in this work was two plastic gallon with capacity of 50 liters and white PVC pipe. The results of this study indicate a potential of 917 cm ³ / day per 50 gallons of the gross material with retention time 10 days. Thus, it is possible to use manure from fish farming to produce biogas.

manure

evaluate

feasibility

gross

fish farming

dejetos

avaliar

viabilidade

bruto

piscicultura

Analyse if the text is good or not.

Criterias:

A) Presents unit

B) Is it clear for the reader or raise doubts

C) Is there a little background/intro to explain the objective/ Are the objectives, aims clear

D) How did the author go finding the results? What steps were taken to carry out the project?

E) Can you easily find the main issue

F) Are there many repetitions or something that could be crossed off

G) As a result of the procedure, what was found or created?

Inclusion of Low Income Sectors in Latin American Agribusiness

We examine three case studies on agribusiness ventures that have included low income sectors (LIS) into value creation activities to reduce poverty in Latin America. While the goal for each agribusiness is economic profit, we find that this goal is not inconsistent with wealth creation among LIS. We use the agribusiness chain analytical framework to identify the roles played by LIS in the ventures studied, and we explore the ways in which LIS inclusion has influenced the performance of the agribusiness chains and contributed to their competitiveness.

Urban expansion in the large cities the significance of intra-metropolitan migration

and commuting in the reproduction of poverty

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the simultaneity of the urbanization and urban population concentration process in big metropolitan cities occurred in last century's second half in Brazil. As a result, will be analyzed the population redistribution process inside the metropolitan areas using the idea of poverty redistribution. In this paper Belo Horizonte's Metropolitan Area will be used as reference.

Design Space for Complex DNA Structures

Nucleic acids have emerged as effective materials for assembling complex nanoscale structures. To tailor the structures to function optimally for particular applications, a broad structural design space is desired. Despite the many discrete and extended structures demonstrated in the past few decades, the design space remains to be fully explored. In particular, the complex finite-sized structures produced to date have been typically based on a small number of structural motifs. Here, we perform a comprehensive study of the design space for complex DNA structures, using more than 30 distinct motifs derived from single-stranded tiles. These motifs selfassemble to form structures with diverse strand weaving patterns and specific geometric properties, such as curvature and twist. We performed a systematic study to control and characterize the curvature of the structures, and constructed a flat structure with a corrugated strand pattern. The work here reveals the broadness of the design space for complex DNA nanostructures.

The Effects of Summer Reading on Low-Income Children’s Literacy Achievement From

Kindergarten to Grade 8

This meta-analysis reviewed research on summer reading interventions conducted in the United States and Canada from 1998 to 2011. The synthesis included 41 classroom- and home-based summer reading interventions involving children from kindergarten to Grade 8. Compared to control group children, children who participated in classroom interventions, involving teacher-directed literacy lessons, or home interventions, involving child-initiated book reading activities, enjoyed significant improvement on multiple reading outcomes. The magnitude of the treatment effect was positive for summer reading interventions that employed research-based reading instruction and included a majority of low-income children. Sensitivity analyses based on within-study comparisons indicated that summer reading interventions had significantly larger benefits for children from low-income backgrounds than for children from a mix of income backgrounds. The findings highlight the potentially positive impact of classroom- and home-based summer reading interventions on the reading comprehension ability of low-income children.

Chronic arthritis after rubella vaccination.

In August 1991 the Institute of Medicine released a report entitled "Adverse Effects of Pertussis and Rubella Vaccines" that examined, among other relations, the relation between immunization with the RA 27/3 rubella vaccine strain and chronic arthritis. The committee spent 20 months reviewing a wide range of information sources including case series and individual case reports published in peer-reviewed journals and reported by vaccine manufacturers; unpublished case reports from physicians, parents, and other concerned persons; epidemiological studies; and laboratory studies. There were no animal studies available. The committee found that the evidence is consistent with a causal relation between the RA 27/3 rubella vaccine strain and chronic arthritis in adult women, although the evidence is limited in scope. Proving that rubella vaccination can cause chronic arthritis will require a better understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms and additional well-designed studies. We briefly describe the committee's evaluative methods and present the evidence underlying its conclusion.

Limitations to Crop Diversification for Enhancing the Resilience of Rain-fed Subsistence Agriculture to

Drought Diversification of agricultural systems is a standard suggestion for increasing the

resilience of rain-fed subsistence farming to drought. However, grain crops share many physiological characteristics, potentially forming a plant functional type (PFT), a term ecologists apply to groups of species that respond in functionally similar ways to environmental variation. Here we test whether grain crops are a PFT, and whether diversification between grain crops, to other crops or livestock that feed on natural plants results in sufficient variation in water-use physiology to form a diversified agricultural portfolio. To this end, we simulated the response of crops and natural PFT’s to rainfall variation using a simple plant growth model. We then predicted subsistence farmer allocation with a safety-first economic analysis and compared these to observed allocations at 78 sites across a rainfall gradient in South Africa. We demonstrate that there are shifts from crop to livestock farming with aridity, and that this is correlated with the extant natural PFT’s. That is, as the simulated probability of crop failure diverges from that of the natural vegetation, there is a shift to livestock farming. Diversifying within grain crops would lead to little increase in resilience due to limited physiological variation – an indication that grain crops are one PFT – while other crops had some potential for greater diversification advantages, and livestock feeding on natural plants the greatest. Thus, a plant functional type approach is vital in understanding the developmental economics of subsistence farmer diversification with the goal of increasing resilience to drought.

Examining the Relationships between Stress, Reward Processing, and Bipolar

Disorder

Foreword: Accounting for Technological Change

This short essay considers how the Fourth Amendment should apply to the search of a cellular phone seized incident to arrest. It argues that the storage capacity and type of evidence stored on a cell phone justifies a departure from existing Fourth Amendment doctrine. Under United States v. Robinson, 414 U.S. 218 (1973), the Fourth Amendment always permits a "full" search of a person and property on his person at the time of arrest. This essay argues that the Supreme Court should reject that standard for searches of digital storage devices. Instead, Court should adopt the standard that the Court adopted in Arizona v. Gant, 556 U.S. 332 (2009), for searching an automobile incident to arrest.

The customer chain operation reference model for the mainboard industry

In a highly competitive market, the customer chain tends to change with shifting distribution channels which poses certain difficulties for management. This paper focuses on the mainboard (M/B) industry to analyze and establish the modulating processes of enterprise–customer chain activities based on the customer chain operator reference (CCOR) model developed by the supply chain council. In this paper, three leading global M/B manufacturing companies were studied, and the results were used to establish a CCOR model for the M/B industry; the Modified Delphi method was used to establish a Level-3 CCOR model, and further discussions were held to examine methods to establish a Level-4 CCOR model. By conducting an empirical study on actual cases, we provide the M/B industry with valuable reference tools to help build customer chains.

Analyse your classmates textAnalyse if the text is good or not.

Criterias:

A) Presents unit

B) Is it clear for the reader or raise doubts

C) Is there a little background/intro to explain the objective/ Are the objectives, aims clear

D) How did the author go finding the results? What steps were taken to carry out the project?

E) Can you easily find the main issue

F) Are there many repetitions or something that could be crossed off

G) As a result of the procedure, what was found or created?

Exercício de interpretação por área

Documents

Activity group