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THE FUTURE OF EMAIL

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researchCurrent Views on Communication

>>Analysis of Intel's TV campaign

>>Intel’s television advertisement

What is Intel’s message?

researchHistorical & Current Meaning of Icon

ICON

Pronunciation: 'I-"kän

Function: noun

Etymology: Latin, from Greek eikOn, from eikenai to resemble 1) a usually pictorial representation : IMAGE

2) a conventional religious image typically painted on a small wooden panel and used in the devotions of Eastern Christians

3) an object of uncritical devotion : IDOL

4) EMBLEM, SYMBOL <the house became an icon of 1860's residential architecture — Paul Goldberger > 5) a : sign (as a word or graphic symbol) whose form suggests its meaning b : graphic symbol on a computer display screen that suggests the purpose of an available function

source: http://m-w.com

"A BMW 325i is the self-proclaimed 'ultimate driving machine,'

but also an abstract shape that has been honed down

to bring out and combine, without ever stating, ideas of

speed, luxury, status, engineering, and comfort,"

observes Betsky. "This, like many icons, presents a warped

mirror to us, as if we could transform ourselves into

something else by using, being in, or wearing these objects."

Icons: Magnets of Meaning

Iconic symbolism

Jesus blesses. Jesus always holds up three fingers pointing

upwards or downwards. In this case downwards.

This symbolizes the Holy Trinity, the Father, the Son and

the Holy Spirit.

Jesus blesses. In this case he holds his fingers upwards.

A common practice with orthodox priests.

Open hand. Here the hand of the holy Elisabeth. (The mother of

John the Baptist). Female Saints may not bless. They hold

up the open hand as a symbolic act in rejection of ordinary life

and a belonging with God.

Hodigitria. (The female guide). Mary points with her hand

towards Jesus. She wants to say "do as he says" or

"follow his road".

St Patrick with his trefoil symbolizes Ireland.

Mary. The never fading rose. The name originates from a hymn,

which is sung in church a few weeks before Easter.

It acknowledges the Godmother as the woman who has given

birth to the never fading rose, which means to say Jesus Christ,

our Lord. It compares Jesus with the noblest of all flowers.

>>Iconic symbolism >>Dictionary definition >>Book on icon

>>Computer icons

search portal

address book calendar

chat room

note pad

Still e-mail ?

researchresearchCommunication History>>Compare the following considerations in information transfer from one age to the next: ° What were the means of communication during this time? ° What was the speed of the communication? What were the means of spreading the word? ° What was the size of the audience? ° How much information was transmitted in any one communication? (How big was the file?) ° What was the purpose of transmitting the information?

>>The need for information has changed over the course of human history, which can be roughly divided into the following ages: STONE AGE AGRICULTURAL AGE INDUSTRIAL AGE INFORMATION AGE

>>AGRICULTURAL AGEBy 9,000 BC people were more settled and lived

in small communities and growing crops.

The wheel provides locomotion to begin more

travel and shipping of goods.

Animal domestication changes life dramatically.

>>INDUSTRIAL AGEDuring the Industrial Revolution (beginning around

1780) commerce, trade and politics sparked

the change from the Agricultural Age to the

Industrial Age. Farming loses ground to manufacturing

and industry in Europe and America.

>>THE INFORMATION AGEBeginning roughly around 1950, the Information

Age brought more tools, technology and

information. More white collar workers deal with

information needs and decisions than blue

collar workers deal with goods – producing jobs.

Means of Communications

° Oral histories ° Storytelling ° Pectoral inscriptions in animal bones, clay and stone

Speed, Size and Purpose of

Communication

° Information was communicated slowly between groups of hunters and gatherers ° Information was for survival – Where is the food growing? Water location? Protected environment? Animals to hunt or hide from?

Means of Communications

° Oral histories continue to be shared and passed down ° Record keeping is a must with more permanent lifestyles –crops and animals must be accounted for.

Later Advancements in Communication

° Tokens 3,400 BC ° Scribes 2,600 BC ° Seals 2,400 BC ° Writing 1,400 BC

New Technology Tools for the Industrial Age

° Typewriters ° Photo-chemistry ° Telegraph ° Telephone ° Mimeograph ° Paper made from vegetable fiber ° Lithography ° Personal cameras ° Phonographic disks ° Radio signal

New Communication matrix of the Industrial Age

° Circulating libraries ° Postal services ° Phonographs ° Motion pictures ° Television ° Transcontinental telephone calls ° Wireless radio ° Book of the Month Club ° Air mail ° Photocopiers ° Harvard’s MARK I and Pennsylvania’s ENIAC 0 ° The first computers

Industrial vs Information Age Worker Needs

Industrial Age Worker ° low-discretion ° little decision-making ° simple tasks ° Little use of judgmentInformation Age Worker ° High-discretion ° Lots of decision-making ° Complex tasks ° Considerable thinking ° Skills

Some Tools and Technology of Information Age

° Microwaves ° Color TV ° Color motion pictures ° Microchips ° Cell phones / pagers ° Photocopiers ° Fax machines ° Camcorders ° Videodisks ° Point & shoot cameras ° Holograms ° Fiber optics ° CD ROMs ° Internet ° World Wide Web

>>STONE AGEBasic needs for food, clothing, shelter and

protection took most of a person’s time.

Hunters and gathers loved in roaming groups

of 20-30 people and only the most

immediate or important information recorded.

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The Challenge

Despite the massive change in information storage andretrieval technology over time, our capacity tounderstand and synthesize information has remainedconstant. Beth Clough, a student of library science and the University of Maryland, offers this very instructivehistorical overview of information storage and retrieval:

INFORMATION STORAGE3000 BC. Clay tablets 1 cci1450 AD Printed page 500 cci1990s Optical disk 125,000,000,000 cci

COMPUTATION 5000 BC Abacus 2-4 ips1945 AD Computer 110 ips1960s Computer 100,000 ips1970s Computer 1,000,000 ips1980s Computer 10,000,000 ips1990s Computer 1,000,000,000 ips

TRANSMISSION OF INFORMATION 4000 BC Messenger .01 wpm1844 BC Telegraph 50-60 wpm1980s Cable/fiber 1,000,000,000 wpm1990s Fiber optics 100,000,000,000 wpm

HUMAN INFORMATION PROCESSING 4000 BC Written language 300 wpmToday Written language 300 wpm 4000 BC Visual images 100,000,000 bpgToday Visual images 100,000,000 bpg

4000 BC Spoken language 120 wpmToday Spoken language 120 wpm

[cci = character per cubic inch] [ips = instructions per second] [wps = words per minute] [bpg = bits per glance]

SAMESAMESAME

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s0 ips00 ips

00,000000,00

1,0010,0

1970s Computer 1980s Computer

>>The Challenge

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camera

mobile phone

organizer

web portal

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Communication Mix>>>>>>>>>

WHAT IS NEEDEDIS A REVOLUTION

IN THE WAY

WE COMMUNICATE

B B

T T B

B B T

T T B

B B T

S S B

B B S

S B

B B

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S S S S

T T S

S S T

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B B B B

T T T ID

S S S ID

T T B

B B T

T T B S?

B B T S?

S S B

B B S

S S B

B B S

T T S S S T

T T S B

S S T B

B B T S

Functional hand

Functional voice

Functional sight

Functional hearing

Quadriplegic

Mute

Blind

Deaf

Same mode without changes

Possibilities of different modes

Must be of a different modes

Modes of messagesbeing received and understood by user

Modes of outputting messages from incoming source

Possible modes of messages being output by user

Text Spoken

Possibly able to speak

Braille

Special input device

Special output device

B T S?

Matrix of Communication Limitations>>KEY

12 possible paths

8 possible paths

4 possible paths

8 possible paths

4 possible paths

1 possible path

2 possible paths 1 possible path

2 possible paths

1 possible path

1 possible path

1 possible path

8 possible paths

18 possible paths

4 possible paths

S S

T S

T T B

S T B

B B T

T ID S?

S? S? ID

OD ID S?

B

OD

OD IDODTS?

S

S

TB

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TSB

SB

T SB

SST

TS

BTBS?

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B

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ID

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ID

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S

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receive send output response










send receive output response





investigation

27 27 possible choices27 possible choices

receive send output response path

T T

S

B

T T S B

S S T B

B B T S

S S T B

T T B S

B B S T

B B T S

T T S B

S S T B

communication mixNew Matrix of Choices

27 possible choices

T SB

T SB

S S

T

B

B B

T

S

investigationBraille Spoken

Text

Receiving

Displaying

Responding

Example to be found in photographs

>>KEY >>CHOICES

Situations of Communication Complexities

needs to rest his voice

the grand kid just gone to sleep

girlfriend calls 5 times during an 1 hour lecture

secretary with eye surgery

boring boardroom meetings

chatting to your friend about your new guide dog

automated customer service systems

crossing language barriers

highly contagious disease

when it's too loud too shout

hearing aid that doesn't always work right

too dim to see anything

when lights go off, on, off...

both hands are occupied

receiving an insider tip

checking on web for supply costkeeping in touch with old vets

question and answer time

the annoying nasal voicehelping the illiterate

Your new tool to people, problems, and situations

Animation Icon

Function

27 PathsSteps in Usage

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1 incoming modes

2 indication of the preset method of alerting for incoming message

3 selecting a mode of display

4 indication the chosen mode of display

5 selecting a mode of response

6 indication the chosen mode of response

7 finished input

new email iconbraille

1) braille

2) text

3) voice

4) special input/output

text voice

voice > text text > braillebraille > voice

text > voicebraille > braille voice > text

1

4

2

3

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In a Typical Day

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