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ADP, ATP and Cellular Respiration. What Is ATP?. Energy used by all Cells. Adenosine Triphosphate. Organic molecule containing high-energy Phosphate bonds. Chemical Structure of ATP. Adenine Base. 3 Phosphates. Ribose Sugar. What Does ATP Do for You?. It supplies YOU with ENERGY!. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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ADP, ATP and ADP, ATP and Cellular Cellular
RespirationRespiration
What Is ATP?What Is ATP?
Energy used by all CellsEnergy used by all Cells
Adenosine TriphosphateAdenosine Triphosphate
Organic molecule containing Organic molecule containing high-energy Phosphate bondshigh-energy Phosphate bonds
Chemical Structure of Chemical Structure of ATPATP
3 Phosphates
Ribose Sugar
Adenine Base
What Does ATP Do for What Does ATP Do for You?You?
It supplies YOU withIt supplies YOU with ENERGY!ENERGY!
How Do We Get Energy How Do We Get Energy From ATP?From ATP?
By breaking the By breaking the high- energy high- energy bonds between bonds between the the last two last two phosphates in ATPphosphates in ATP
Done by a process Done by a process called called
HYDROLYSIS HYDROLYSIS (Adding H(Adding H22O)O)
ATP Can be Re-Made?ATP Can be Re-Made?
Called ATP Called ATP SynthetaseSynthetase
When ATP is used it becomes ADP (diphosphate
(2 phosphates)
ATP can be remade by using an enzyme to reattach a Phosphate, priming it for energy release once more
When is ATP Made in When is ATP Made in the Body?the Body?
During a During a Process Process called called Cellular Cellular RespirationRespiration that takes that takes place in both place in both Plants & Plants & AnimalsAnimals
Overall Equation for Overall Equation for Cellular RespirationCellular Respiration
6CO6CO22 + 6H + 6H220 + 36-380 + 36-38ATP’sATP’s
CC66HH1212OO6 6 + 6O+ 6O22
YIELDSYIELDS
Where Does Cellular Where Does Cellular Respiration Take Place?Respiration Take Place?
It actually It actually takes place takes place in two parts in two parts of the cell:of the cell:
GlycolysisGlycolysis occurs in the occurs in the CytoplasmCytoplasmKrebs Cycle & Krebs Cycle & ETCETC Take Take place place in the in the MitochondriaMitochondria
Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration FactsFacts
2 Pathways (aerobic / anaerobic)2 Pathways (aerobic / anaerobic)Metabolic PathwayMetabolic Pathway that breaks that breaks
down carbohydratesdown carbohydratesHigh-energy Glucose is broken into High-energy Glucose is broken into
COCO22 and H and H22OO
Breakdown of one glucose can Breakdown of one glucose can result in result in 36 to 38 ATP36 to 38 ATP moleculesmolecules
What are the Stages of Cellular What are the Stages of Cellular Respiration?Respiration?
IF LITTLE OXYGEN IS AVALIABLE IN CELLIF LITTLE OXYGEN IS AVALIABLE IN CELL:: Glycolysis (anaerobic)Glycolysis (anaerobic) The Krebs Cycle (anaerobic)The Krebs Cycle (anaerobic)(INEFFICIENT ATP PRODUCTION 2-4 ATP)(INEFFICIENT ATP PRODUCTION 2-4 ATP)
IF OXYGEN IS AVALIABLE IN CELLIF OXYGEN IS AVALIABLE IN CELL:: The Electron Transport Chain (aerobic)The Electron Transport Chain (aerobic)(MORE EFFICIENT ATP PRODUCTION 34 ATP)(MORE EFFICIENT ATP PRODUCTION 34 ATP)
Glycolysis Glycolysis SummarySummary
•Takes place in the Takes place in the Cytoplasm (anaerobic)Cytoplasm (anaerobic)
•Requires input of Requires input of 2 ATP to split glucose in 2 ATP to split glucose in PyruvatePyruvate (Also produces (Also produces 2 NADH and 4 ATP)2 NADH and 4 ATP)
•If If somesome Oxygen is availableOxygen is available Pyruvate goes Pyruvate goes into into Krebs cycleKrebs cycle
•If If No OxygenNo Oxygen is available Pyruvate is is available Pyruvate is fermentedfermented
GlycolysiGlycolysis s
DiagramDiagram
FermentationFermentation
Occurs when OOccurs when O22 NOT present NOT present (anaerobic)(anaerobic)
Called Called Lactic AcidLactic Acid fermentation in muscle cells fermentation in muscle cells (makes (makes muscles tiredmuscles tired))
Nets only 2 ATP Also Creates Nets only 2 ATP Also Creates Lactic AcidLactic Acid
Krebs Cycle Krebs Cycle SummarySummary
Requires Oxygen (Aerobic)Requires Oxygen (Aerobic)
series of oxidation reactions that series of oxidation reactions that givegive off off COCO22 and produce and produce one ATP per cycleone ATP per cycle
Two cycles per glucose moleculeTwo cycles per glucose molecule ((Each glucose molecule yields two ATPEach glucose molecule yields two ATP))
Takes place in Takes place in matrix of mitochondriamatrix of mitochondria
Krebs CycleKrebs Cycle
ATP
NETS: 3NADH, 1ATP, 1FADHNETS: 3NADH, 1ATP, 1FADH22, & 2CO, & 2CO22
Electron Transport Chain Electron Transport Chain SummarySummary
34 ATP34 ATP Produced ProducedHH22OO Produced ProducedOccurs Across Occurs Across Inner Inner
Mitochondrial membraneMitochondrial membraneFar more efficient than Krebs Far more efficient than Krebs
cycle or Fermentationcycle or Fermentation
ATP PRODUCTION REQUIRED TO POWER
CELL
O2 abundant
Shortage of O2
Electron transport chain
Glycolosis
Krebs cycle
Fermentation
Efficient ATP production
Inefficient ATP production
ATP PRODUCTION REQUIRED TO POWER
CELL
O2 abundant
Shortage of O2
Electron transport chain
Glycolosis
Krebs cycle Fermentatio
n
Efficient ATP production
Inefficient ATP production