Adrian Curiel Project

8/3/2019 Adrian Curiel Project

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ANEMIA

By: Adrian Curiel

AFT-Mrs.k


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What is Anemia?

Anemia is a condition in which the body does

not have enough healthy red blood cells. Redblood cells provide oxygen to body tissues.

Hemoglobin is the oxygen-carrying pigment

found in red blood cells. Anemia can be life-

threatening.


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Anemia Continued

Although there are over 400 different forms

of anemia, this health profile will only addressthe three most common: iron-deficiency

anemia, vitamin B12 anemia and folic acid

deficiency.


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Vitamin B12 anemia

Pernicious anemia requires lifelong vitamin B12 replacement,most often using injections. Some patients can get enoughsupplementation with high-dose tablets of oral vitamin B12.

People with anemia due to a lack of dietary vitamin B12 may betold to take vitamin supplements and follow a more balanceddiet. Treatment may start with vitamin B12 injections.

Anemia caused by poor digestion and absorption is treated withvitamin B12 injections until the condition improves. These shotsare given every day and then every week at first, and then

every month. Many people may need these shots once a month for the rest

of their life. The shots may no longer be needed after Crohn'sdisease, celiac disease, or alcoholism is properly treated.


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Vitamin B12


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Symptoms

1)Possible symptoms include: Chest pain Dizziness or light-headedness (especially when standing up or with

exertion) Fatigue or lack of energy Headaches Problems concentrating Shortness of breath (especially during exercise)

2)Some types of anemia may have other symptoms, such as: Constipation Problems thinking Tingling


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Treatment1)Treatment should be directed at the cause of theanemia, and may include:

Blood transfusions

Corticosteroids or other medicines that suppressthe immune system

Erythropoietin, a medicine that helps your bone

marrow make more blood cells Supplements of iron, vitamin B12, folic acid, or

other vitamins and minerals


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Anemia with iron deficiency

For adults and children with iron deficiency anemia, doctorsmay recommend a daily multivitamin containing iron. But

typically, doctors recommend iron tablets such as prescriptionferrous sulfate tablets or an over the counter supplement.These oral iron supplements are usually best absorbed from anotherwise empty stomach. However, because iron can irritateyour stomach, you may need to take the supplements withfood. Your doctor may recommend that you take iron

supplements with orange juice or with a vitamin C tablet.Vitamin C helps increase iron absorption. Additionally, take ironsupplements two hours before or four hours after taking anantacid, as these medications can interfere with ironabsorption.


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Causes

The cause depends on the type of anemia. Possible

causes include:

Certain medications

Diseases such as cancer or rheumatoid arthritis

Genes -- some forms of anemia can be inherited

Kidney failure Blood loss (for example, from heavy menstrual

periods)


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Causes continued Poor diet Pregnancy

Problems with bone marrow (where blood cells

are made)

Problems with the immune system that cause the

destruction of blood cells

Surgery to the stomach or intestines that reducesthe absorption of iron, vitamin B12, or folic acid


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Tests & diagnosis

1) Doctors will perform a physical examination,

and may find: Pale skin

Rapid heart rate

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Adrian Curiel Project