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Adult Development AP Psychology

Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

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Page 1: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Adult DevelopmentAP Psychology

Page 2: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Core Concept• Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout

life, but in adulthood these chances include both growth and decline.

• *The early and middle years of adulthood focus on needs for intimacy and “Generativity”

Page 3: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

What is Generativity?

Page 4: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Adulthood

Adulthood is when one becomes self sufficient and self supporting.

There are 3 classifications:• Early Adulthood (20-39)• Middle Adulthood (40-59)• Late Adulthood (60-older)

Page 5: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Erikson’s Theory of Young Adulthood

• Young adulthood posses the challenge of establishing close relationships with other adults.• The individual must face the challenge of wanting to have a

secure, close, relationships to fearing vulnerability and the risks of being let down.

Page 6: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

What Research Supports this?

Page 7: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Erikson’s Theory• “You must know who and what you are before you can begin

to love someone else and share your life with that person.”

• Do you agree? What can happen if not?

.

Page 8: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

• But, today, life for young adults offers more choices and complications than in the generation that Erikson based his research on…In what ways has our culture changed that would affect relationships?

Page 9: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Young Adulthood• Most people take on adult responsibilities like careers,

marriage, and children.• A sense of identity is gained through duties, and makes young

adults more stable and less insecure than adolescents.• Then to be more emotionally invested in relationships and

take responsibility seriously.

Page 10: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Marriage• Half of marriages end in divorce.• 90% of divorces, the mother receives custody and the father

receives visitation rights.• Children can feel abandoned by fathers.

• For marriages to work there must be a “mutual respect”.

Page 11: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Family Life• Women now face more life stressors than in the past.• Torn between having a career and having a family.

• In early adulthood, men still focus mostly on their careers, but they are also more involved in their family lives than they used to be in the past.• Spend more time with children and their job doesn’t always

come first.

Page 12: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Family Life• Young families experience high levels of stress trying to “do it

all”.• Stress effects not only the family, but they job as well

• Our society is somewhat hypocritical when it comes to parenting. • On one hand it supports parents being devoted to their kids and

their jobs, but then the correct systems are not in place.• Work daycare

Page 13: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

The Challenge of Midlife• During this stage of life, people broaden their focus beyond

themselves and their partners and start to look at the legacy they are leaving behind.

• Some, have positive midlife stages, joining community groups and clubs. Others can struggle with the choices they’ve made so far and be unsatisfied with their lives.

Page 14: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Midlife continued…• In the U.S. the age 40 signals the true beginning of “middle

age”.• By late 30’s, early 40’s most people begin to reexamine their

lives.• Look closely at the direction of their lives and where they want to

be in their future.• In midlife, there is a sense of urgency involved. • People concentrate on how they look and how much longer they

have life.

Page 15: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Midlife Crisis• What is a midlife crisis?

Page 16: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Aging Process• Aging in our country is a real challenge because as a culture

we put a premium on youthfulness. • Older people are associated with injuries, diseases, loss of

independence, and loneliness.• As we age, our body functions slow down. Problems with

vision and hearing are likely to get worse and we are more prone to diseases and injuries.

• Indications of why this occurs is because our body cells have internal “time clocks” that dictate how long each particular type of cell will continue to function and replace itself.

Page 17: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Last Developmental Stages• Two kinds of experiences occur during old age—gains and

losses. • The individual will start to decline physically, but that does not

mean there is consequently a mental decline.

Page 18: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Last Developmental Stages• What are some positives that arise during late adulthood?

Page 19: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Aging Process• Pg. 400-401

Page 20: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Death and Dying• Death has never happened to us before so it is difficult to fully

describe its influence on us, because it is the ultimate unknown.

• Studies have shown that those with terminal illness have made peace with dying. They have 3 basic fears:• 1. Loss of mastery over themselves• 2. Separation from loved ones• 3. Fear of being replaced

Page 21: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Stages of Dying• Elisabeth Kübler-Ross proposed that people who are

terminally ill go through a series of stages as the approach death.

• She created a double edge sword with these stages. On one hand her system does seem to be followed. But emotions of the patient tend to be ignored and not validated.

Page 22: Adult Development AP Psychology. Core Concept Nature and nurture continue to produce changes throughout life, but in adulthood these chances include both

Stages of Dying• Denial- deny that they are going to die.• Anger- or resentment towards dying.• Bargain- they try to bargain with God for more time.• Depressed- extreme sadness about dying• Peaceful acceptance- come to an understanding and accept

their position

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G_Z3lmidmrY