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AG Statistik BBS
Library Statistics and Benchmarking in Switzerland W. Lochbühler
ZHB Luzern - Central and University Library Lucerne, SwitzerlandChair, Statistics Working Group, BBS (Library Association of Switzerland)
Contents
•Political Background
•History and development of library statistics
•Revised library statistics
•Statistics and benchmarking
Political Background• Switzerland: small country
in Middle Europe (41’285 sq km; 15’940 sq miles ( ½ inhabitable); 7.5 mio inhabitants
• in Germany: Niedersachsen, Lower Saxony 18‘383 sq miles, 7.8 mio inhabitants
• in the US: New Jersey 7‘419 sq miles, 8 mio inhabitants
Political Background
Matterhorn / Zermatt
here: Zurich
Others:
Basilea
Geneva
Berne
Political Background
4 Languages – German 65%; – French 20%; – Italian 6%; – Rhaeto-Rumantsch 0.5%; – others / immigrants 9%
http://www.swissworld.org/en/people/language/)
Political Background
Political Background
• Political structure• Switzerland is a federal state and a democracy
with strong participation rights of people (grassroots democracy)
• Federalism and subsidiarity: The main political structure is the 26 Cantons
• The „Bund“ (the confederation) itself has only a few core competences (like foreign policy or military – but not culture!)
Political Background
Cantons have as main competences:
culture, education, parts of law, police
Often the confederation gives only some basic rules; the cantons make the concretisation
Cantonal laws and structures differ from each other
Cantons or Switzerland
Political Background
• The structure of libraries in Switzerland is often different:
• There are differences in mission, governance, financing, NPM structures
• it is not easy to generate a central structure for common library affairs
• This special situation must be considered when we talk about statistics and benchmarking and about comparing indicators
History of library statistics
• The annual national statistics began in 1927 with a few selected libraries, operated by the Swiss Library Association (BBS)
• 1950: more libraries were integrated in the Statistic
• 1960: library statistics were adopted by the Federal Office of Statistics of Switzerland (BFS)
• It was published yearly in print until 2002
History of library statistics
Problems of these „older“ statistics:
Data of 47 libraries; some new important libraries were missing
Many indicators became outdated; indicators for new developments (like electronic media) were missing
Some definitions of indicators were not precise enough
Revised Library Statistics
• A working group of the BBS and the BFS began the revision in 2001
• Test survey in 2003 (data for 2002)• Start of revised statistics in 2004 (data for 2003)• Cooperation with the Swiss library benchmarking
project: as many identical data as possible since 2006
• Online survey since 2007• Cooperation with official statistics of the cantons
(expected)
Revised Library Statistics
The revised library statistics (since 2004) should:• give an overview about the resources and the
performance of the libraries (output-orientation)• present the development of the libraries over the
years (compatibility with former library statistics where possible)
• be able to take up new developments (e.g. usage of electronic resources)
• be compatible with international standards (e.g. ISO 2789/Eurostat)
Revised Library Statistics
Questionnaire with 72 indicators in 7 sections:1. local data (inhabitants, students)2. Users (registered users; in-house users)3. Library staff4. Access and facility (effective area, opening
hours, presentation of the library stock)5. Finances (expenditure, income/funding, without
investments)6. Collection in stock (incl. electronic media)7. Use of the library (documents of collection,
electronic media, user-trainings, events)
Revised Library Statistics
Categories in revised library statistics:
National libraries 3
University libraries 14
Libraries of the universities (faculty libraries) 7 (222)
Libraries of universities of applied sciences 7 (47+)
Public libraries (towns over 10‘000 inhabitants) 128
Revised Library Statistics
Presentation:
All data are online available for everyone
on the homepage of the Federal Office of Statistics (BFS):
http://www.bfs.admin.ch („Kultur/culture“)
Revised Library Statistics
Revised Library Statistics
Revised Library Statistics
BFS and the statistics working group analyse the data for selected subjects (areas) and publish the results in reports: http://www.bfs.admin.ch („Kultur“)
e.g. university libraries
Revised Library Statistics
Revised Library Statistics
Revised Library Statistics
Limits:Library statistics now are enlarged; but are far
away from being complete:Public libraries are surveyed only from towns
with more than 10‘000 inhabitantsThe other public libraries are surveyed in
various local library statistics, which exist in most cantons. But these statistics are not standardized yet – we try to get them, too...
Revised Library Statistics
Special libraries are not part of the statistics
• We had to learn that it is too difficult to find all the special libraries in Switzerland (including industrial and commercial libraries)
• But without this basis, you can never make a methodologically correct analysis!
Revised Library Statistics
Measuring the use of electronic resources is difficult
• Lack of standardisation
• Only a part of providers deliver Counter based data
• Difficulties in measuring the sessions by library
Statistics and Benchmarking
Library Benchmarking in Switzerland
Start in 1999 (independent from the library statistics) – organized by a group of librarians
Now yearly organized by Zurich University of Applied Sciences (Institute for Public Mana-gement IPM)
Total: 21 libraries
Statistics and Benchmarking
Differences:Benchmarking IPM•normative•Point of view: library•Performance indicators•Libraries arranged in comparison circles •Results are confidential and access is restricted to participating libraries •Participating libraries pay a fee
Statistics BFS•descriptive•Point of view: society•Statistical data•Libraries arranged by standardized typology (ISO 2789)•Results are publicly accessible•For free
Statistics and Benchmarking
Benchmarking: performance indicators• Registered user per inhabitant or student• Library visits per inhabitants or students• Library visits per opening hour• Cost per inhabitant or student• Cost per opening hour• Time of document processing • etc.
Statistics and Benchmarking
• 70% of the basic indicators of benchmarking are contained in the annual libray statistics
• Benchmarking needs 33 additional indicators
• Cooperation in data survey between the benchmarking project and the official statistics
• on the basis of the eSurvey-tool of the BFS
E-Survey-Tool
E-Survey
E-Survey
Thanks for your attention !!