Agricultural Biotech in Msia

8/8/2019 Agricultural Biotech in Msia

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AgriculturalAgricultural

BiotechnologyBiotechnology

In MalaysiaIn MalaysiaLum Mok Sam



Lecture Layout

1. Introduction

2. Development in Biotechnology3. Biosaf et y Rules and Regulations



Introduction

A gricult ural sect or contribute

subst antially t o t he growt h anddevelopment of t he Malaysian economy

1985 1995: relative contribution of t he agricult ure sect or t o employment generation decline f rom 31.3% t o 19%;export earnings f rom 36.7% t o 19.2%



Issue s & Challeng e s A cute labor short age

Limited availabilit y of suit able land

Ever-increasing cost of production (resources)

Financial crisis 1997

Food crisis Cost of food

Low-productivit y in rural sect orLow commodit y prices

Greater competition under WTO & CEPT

scheme of A SE AN FT A implement ation



3rd National A g ricultural Policy

Launched in Dec 1999

A ddresses t he issues & challenges for1998-2010

Objective: To maximize income t hrough

eff icient and optimal use of resources



S trate g ie s of Development s

1. To integrate agricult ure and forestrydevelopment using an agroforestryapproach t o provide a large,productive base t o bot h sect ors whileoptimizing resource usage

2. To encompass a product-basedapproach for commodit y development based on market demand,pref erences, and potential



Development in Biotechnolo g y

1st phase

Research and development (R&D)

Human resources development (HRD)

Funding for research facilities

Setting up of more incubation centers

Mid 1980s, 1st Government R&D fundst o public instit utes - Intensif ication of Research in Priorit y A reas (IRP A )

MOSTI



R&D Activitie s Pha se 1

1.Micropropagation

2.Microbial f erment ation for t heproduction of koj i for soy sauce andot her f ermented foods

3.Solid st ate f erment ation for producingcompost



2nd phase (1990s)High-end advanced biotechnologies

Genetic manipulation of plant s and

microbesSetting up of molecular biology and ot herspecialized biotechnology laborat ories

1995, National Biotechnology Direct orate

(NBD)

t ook over t he management of biotechnology research, development,

and commercialization in Malaysia



National Biotechnolo g y DirectorateObjectives

1.To initiate and develop collaboration wit h

research organizations and industries t hat will lead t o commercialization of biotechnologies and promote sust ainable

economic development 2.To build national research capabilit y in

biotechnology



Biotechnolo g y Cooperative Center s (BCC)

1. Plant Biotechnology

2. A nimal Biotechnology3. Food Biotechnology

4. Environment al / Industrial

Biotechnology5. Medical Biotechnology

6. Molecular Biology

7. Biopharmacy



Bionexu s Malay sia

- M A RDI &UPM Centre of excellence for agro-biotechnology

- UK M Centre of excellence for genomic andmolecular biology

- USM & UPM Centre of excellence for pharmaceuticals and nutraceucals



Malaysian Research and DevelopmentOrganizations in Biotechnology

Instit utes Forest Research Instit ute Malaysia

Instit ute for Medical Research

Malaysian A gricult ural Research and Development Instit ute

Malaysian Cocoa BoardMalaysian Instit ute for Nuclear Technology Research

Malaysian Palm Oil Board

Malaysian Rubber Board

St andard and Industrial Research Instit ute of Malaysia

Veterinary Services Depart ment

UniversitiesUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Universiti Malaya

Universiti Malaysia Sarawak

Universiti Malaysia Sabah

Universiti Putra Malaysia

Universiti Sains Malaysia

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Source: Nair and A bu-Bakar (2001).



Policy and Priority1.Third National A gricult ure Policy

(1998-2010)

a. Improving food securit yb. Increasing productivit y and

competitiveness of t he agricult ure sect or

c. Strengt hening relationships wit h t he ot hersect ors

d. Est ablishing new industries

e. Conserving and using nat ural resources



2.Second Industrial Master Plan

a. A gro-based and food product s industry

b. Fruit s and veget ablesc. Floricult ure

d. Chemical industry

e. Nat ural product s



F ocu s of A g robiotechnolo g y Re searche s on

7th, 8th & 9th Malay sia Plans1.Genetic engineering for crop improvement,

disease and herbicide resist ance, and value-added

product s2. Increased rice yields

3. Increased shelf -lif e of f ruit s and f lowers

4. Improved f lower color

5. Cell cult ure /bioreact or for producing chemicals6. Tissue cult ure

7. Vaccine development and livest ock production

8. A dvanced reproductive biotechnology for improvedbeef cattle production



H uman Re source Development Develop suff icient human capit al t o support t his high-technology, knowledge-based

disciplineLocal universities off er degree andpost graduate programs and conduct short training courses

National Science Foundation (NSF) has beencreated t o sponsor post graduate st udies

Ot her government-sponsored f ellowships



Re search and Development Malaysian Top-Down Biotechnology Pro ject s

Projectsa

Molecular Manipulation and Engineering of Rice for Resist ance t o Diseases

(t ungro and sheat h blight )Improvement of Orchids and Tulips Through Genetic Engineering

Construction of Recombinant Bacteria for Vaccine Delivery

Development of DNA Markers for Identif ication of Color Varieties and Sex inTiger Barbs

Molecular A pproaches t o Determination of Biomarkers for Diseases and DiseaseSusceptibilit y and Development of A ppropriate Techniques for DiagnosisInteraction of Tumor, Host and Virus Fact ors in Growt h and Progression of Malignant Lymphomas

Production of Sodium Citrate by Ferment ation of A spergillus niger Using SagoHydrolysate



Development of an Integrated Landf ill Treat ment System Using MicrobialProcesses

Biodiversit y Prospecting and Screening

Exploration of Gene Function and Organization During Development alEvent s

St udies on Gene Struct ure and Function: Cloning, Sequencing,Expression, and Modif ication of Selected Genes f rom Bacteria and Fungi

A pplication of Biotechnology for t he Production of Flavor Ingredient s

Utilization of Microorganisms and Enzymes for t he Production andImprovement of St arch-Based Foods and Food Ingredient s

DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid.a Funded by Government of Malaysia Intensif ication of Research in Priorit y A reas Program.Source: Nair and A bu-Bakar (2001).



Developmental Research Projects in Malaysia Year Project Title

1997 Scale-Up Production and Market Testing of Clarif ied Tropical Fruit Juices

Semi-Scale Production of Goniot halamin Through Bioreact or Propagation for Clinical Trial

1998 Commercial Production of Bacterial Innoculant s as Biof ertilizer and Enhancer

Furt her Improvement of Pasteurella Spray Vaccine A gainst Pneumonic Pasteurllosis in Sheepand Goat

Commercial Production of a Local Live Inf ectious Bronchitis (UREMI A ) IB (U) Vaccine

Development of Ferment ation Biotechnology for t he Commercial Production of Malaysian Isolates of Bacillus sphaericus, a Mosquit o Control A gent

1999 Production of Molecular Biological Reagent s for Local Market Commercialization of Brugia malayi Research and Development Findings Int o Diagnostic Kit

Commercial A pplication, St ate of t he A rt Biotechnological A dvancement s for Clonal Propagation of Bananas

Commercial Environment al-Controlled Production of Tulips and Ornament al Bulbs

Development of Prot ot ype Kit for t he Rapid Diagnosis of Typhoid Carrie




Malaysian Bilateral Collaborative Projects In Agricultural Biotechnology

Partners Project Title

Malaysia Thailand Cryopreservation of Bovine Oocytes and in vitro Produced Bovine Embryos

Development of Biosensor for A pplication in Environment and Food Industry

Malaysia Hungary Genetic Engineering of Chili for Disease Resist ance

Recombinant Vaccine for Inf ectious Boval Diseases

Malaysia NewZealand

Properties and A pplication of St arch-Based Food Ingredient s Produced Throught he Use of Microbial and Enzyme Technologies

Development of Transformation and Regeneration System for GeneticManipulation of Flowering and Insect Resist ance in Teak (Tect ona grandis)

A dvanced A nimal Reproductive and Embryo Transf er Technologies t o Produce High Qualit y A nimals f rom Sexed Embryos

Malaysia Massachusett s Instit ute of Technology

Biotechnology Partnership Programme

Subprogram: Oil Palm Biotechnology

Subprogram: Nat ural Product Discovery




Bio safety Rule s and Re g ulations

Biosaf et y law GMO Food & f eed

Genetic Modif ication A dvisoryCommittee (GM A C) Malaysia

Communication and net working system

-NA

BBIN

ET

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Agricultural Biotech in Msia