55
1 NATURAL SPACES DOMES 37955 Bridge RD, North Branch, Minnesota 55056 800-733-7170 www.naturalspacesdomes.com Mpls/St. Paul Metro 651-674-4292, Fax 651-674-5005

All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

1

NATURAL SPACES DOMES37955 Bridge RD, North Branch, Minnesota 55056 800-733-7170

www.naturalspacesdomes.com Mpls/St. Paul Metro 651-674-4292, Fax 651-674-5005

Page 2: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

Page 1 Dome pictures2 Who we are 3 Intro with exterior pictures4 Intro with exterior pictures5 Intro with interior pictures6 Intro with interior pictures7 Energy efficiency & healthy homes8 Interior air circulation 9 Dome shell ventilation10 Roof condensation issues11 Winter heating12 Summer cooling13 Dome connection system14 Dome shell strength15 Super-Wal double strut dome shell16 Insulation values17 Exterior dome panels18 Insulation types19 Roofing20 Roofing (cont.)21 Riser Walls22 Riser Walls (cont.)23 Extensions24 Extensions (cont.)25 Permanent wood foundation26 Permanent wood foundation (cont.)27 Cupolas - ventillation & view type

28 Cupolas - skyloft view cupola29 Interior panels30 Interior panel pictures31 Natural Spaces Domes custom skylights32 Skylight features33 Skylight shapes34 Dome garages35 Large domes (52’ diam - 80’ diam)36 Commercial uses for domes37 Passive solar heating38 Site analysis & planning39 Dome geometry - frequency40 Construction Manual41 Book of plans42 Interior planning kits 43 Design - philosophy44 Custom plans 45 Owner building a dome46 Owner-contracting47 Contractor-built48 Financing 49 Owner-builder Dome School 50 Video / DVD Tour of Domes51 MinnesotaDome Home Tour52 Beach Dome Rental 53 Dealers - shipping - contact info54 Pictures of domes

Table of Contents

Page 3: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

Spaceship�earth�has�limitedresources.��Our�future�depends�onwhat�we�do�with�what�we�have�left.

The�philosophy�of�natural�spacesdomes�is�to�encourage�people�to�stopbuilding�resource�depleting�houses,whose�designs�are�based�on�the�last100�years.

Instead,�we�want�people�to�startbuilding�an�inspiring,�personal�livingenvironment,�designed�for�the�next 100years.

A�century�in�which�intelligent,innovative�housing�decisions,�like�ournatural�spaces�domes,�will�provide�abenefit�for�the�earth�and�itsinhabitants.

Buckminster��Bucky��Fuller�has�tobe�given�credit�for�the�earlydevelopment�and�promotion�of�theGeodesic�Dome,�starting�in�the�40�s.�Hisdesign�team�created�spectacular,�hugeDome�enclosures�for�many�uses.�Hewas�a�prolific�inventor,�teacher�andconsummate�lecturer�until�his�death�inJuly�1983.�It�was�a�pleasure�and�honorto�have�met�him.

Dennis�Odin�Johnson,�owner�ofNatural�Spaces�Domes,�has�beenpersonally�involved�and�committed�tothe�advancement�of�Dome�homes�since1971.

Dennis�comes�from�generations�ofbuilders�and�crafters.�His�housedesigning�goes�back�to�7th�grade,�along,�long�time�ago�(1955).

His�background�includes�1 1 years�asan�architectural�designer�and�projectmanager�for�Gingold-Pink�Architects,working�in�Los�Angeles�and�Minneapolis.

In�1972,�Dennis,�with�his�late�wifeJanet,�founded�the�Big�OutdoorsPeople,�a�Dome�company�that�createdover�350�Domes�in�6�years.�In�1978,they�formed�Natural�Spaces�Domes,completely�revamping�the�Dome�system.They�eliminated�problems,�incorporatednew,�updated�technology�and�patenteda�simple,�strong,�easy�to�use�Domebuilding�system.

Natural�Spaces�Domes�are�easy�tobuild,�personally�designed,�healthy,resource�efficient�and�fantasticallyenergy�conserving.�Read�on�and�learn.

Natural�Spaces�Domes�Staff�in�front�of�our�36��diam.�office�dome

2

Page 4: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

3

Living�in�the�round�is�not�exactly�new.�Cave�dwellers,Kurds,�Bedouins,�Bees,�Medieval�Monks,�Indians,�Eskimos�andZulus,�to�name�a�few,�have�tried�it.�But�it�took�the�Geniusof�the�late�R.�Buckminster�Fuller,�whose�brilliantlyengineered�structures�were�used�in�radar�Domes�on�theArctic�Dew�line�after�World�War�II,�to�demonstrateconclusively�that�for�the�material�used,�Domes�are�thestrongest�most�efficient�way�to�enclose�space.

NNaattuurraa ll SSppaaccee ss DDoommeess

The�Dome�owners�whoexperience�Dome�livingevery�day�offer�theirviews.�.�.�.

There�is�such�anawareness�of�nature�inour�dome.�It�must�be�allthe�windows�andskylights.

Following�the�firstseasonal�shift�throughall�the�glass�has�beena�glorious�naturelesson.�Anticipating�thenext�season�isexhilarating.�

We�never�thoughtthat�living�in�a�Domehome�would�be�as�funas�it�is.�The�kids�thinkit�s�just�great.�Wedon�t�think�we�willever�be�bored�withliving�here.

Rejuvenating

Surprising

Humanly�Elegant

Provocative

Breath�Taking

A�very�personal�home

The�ultimate�energy�penny�pincher

Page 5: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

4

so much more than just a shelter

In�contrast�to�the�Mid-�60s,�when�most�Domehomes�were�funky,�patched-up�symbols�of�thecounterculture,�today�s�average�Dome�buyer�israther�Middle-American.�We�re�building�a�basicAmerican�housing�unit�that�is�a�natural�andintelligent�alternative�to�expensive�and�inefficienthousing.�Dome-homers�speak�lyrically�of�thefeeling�of�spaciousness,�of�an�almost�mysticalairiness�induced�by�living�under�a�skylit�canopy.

In�a�place�of�timeconsuming�conventionalconstruction,�NaturalSpaces�offers�precisefactory�engineering:solid,�interlockingcomponents,�pre-cutfor�faster�assembly.

In�place�of�minimallydesigned�structurebased�on�rectangles,our�Domes�are�basedon�nature�s�strongest,most�efficient�shapes-�the�triangle�and�thesphere.

In�place�of�vinyl,aluminum�and�sheetrock,our�domes�offer�allthe�warmth�andnatural�beauty�ofwood.

In�place�of�typical,look-alike�housing,�ourDomes�offer�almostunlimited�designflexibility.�Unique,exhilarating,�neverbefore�imagined�spaces.

Whether�youprefer�country-style,rustic�or�dramaticcontemporary�design�-Whether�you�startwith�your�plan�or�ourplan�-�your�NaturalSpaces�Dome�home�hasnever�looked�better.

Page 6: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

5

Our�Dome�home�can�provideyou�with�a�totally�newexperience�in�living�-�a�spacious,open,�airy�environment.

Design�flexibility�allows�youto�have�total�freedom�ofexpression�in�creating�marvelousinterior�Dome�spaces.

Skylights�let�the�moon�andstars�in�and�show�cloudsdrifting�by,�lifting�your�spiritseven�on�the�dullest�of�days.

Imagine�a�gently�curvedceiling�over�twenty�feet�high.You�ll�never�again�feel�boxed�in,just�safe,�comfortable,�andsnug.

It�s�time�our�houses�werebuilt�for�the�way�we�live.�Theobsolete�way�may�be�the�easyway�to�build�todaY,�but�it�won�tgive�you�your�money�s�worthtomorrow.

NNaattuurraa ll SSppaaccee ss DDoommeess

Page 7: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

6

�How�did�you�know�we�would�liveso�happily�inside�this�space?�Whydidn�t�you�prepare�us�for�the�feelingof�complete�union�between�our�livingroom�windows�and�the�river�view?

The�dining�room�is�completelyseparate�from�the�living�room,�butthey�re�joined�so�organically�by�awarm�curved�wall�and�warm�fireplace.

The�patterns�the�moonlight�makeson�the�inside�are�breathtaking.

It�s�a�three-dimensional�show�placeand�nest,�rolled�into�one.�It�s�a�joyto�live�here.�

ask the person who owns one

Page 8: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

7

energy savings

healthyhomes

One�of�the�biggest�factorscontributed�by�the�Dome�to�energysavings,�is�the�Dome�shape.��The�uniquequality�of�the�Dome�is�that�byeliminating�the�boxes��corners,�roundingthe�cube�so�to�speak,�it�eliminates�30%of�the�surface�area�assuming�the�samefloor�area.�Which,�right�away,�reducesthe�heat�lost�thru�the�walls�and�roof30%.

We�ve�taken�the�attic�space�of�theconventional�house�(which�you�pay�tohave�built)�and�used�it�to�create�moreupper�floor�space�along�with�the�highceilingED�space�for�a�glorious�greatroom.

Another�plus�for�our�Dome�is�in�thefact�it�has�60%�to�70%�less�framingmembers�in�the�walls�and�roof.�This�cancontribute�an�additional�5%-10%�in�energysavings,�a�Natural�Spaces�exclusive.

As�we�add�more�insulation�and�tighten��up�our�wall/�roof�system,indoor�air�quality�becomes�a�criticalissue.�Natural�Spaces�understands�thisand�offers�a�Dome�system�minimizingindoor�air�contaminants�from�buildingmaterials.

As�an�example,�our�standard�interiorsurface�of�the�Dome�is�made�fromnatural�spruce�wood.�In�the�typicalmodern�house,�where�we�ve�eliminatedgreasy�food�cooking�and�tobacco�smoke,this�wood�does�not�require�anychemical�sealants�or�finish.�If�you�needto�Seal�this�wood,�we�specify�a�verylow�chemical�content�sealer/finish.

We�also�work�with�those�that�arechemically�sensitive�to�specificelementS,�creating�a�personally�healthycustom�Dome�environment.

Indoor�air�quality�can�be�enhanced�byusing�fresh�air-to-air�exchangers�or,�incolder�climates,�an�HRV�(Heat�RecoveryVentilator)�system.�These�systemsexhaust�stale,�moist�air,�and�take�inclean,�dryer�outdoor�air�(assuming�youhave cleaner,�drIer�outside�air).

Let�us�help�you�create�a�healthyindoor�environment.�After�all,�there�wasa�reason�we�chose�to�call�our�companyNatural�Spaces�Domes.

Page 9: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

8

air circulationHeat�rises.�One�of�nature�s�laws.

During�the�winter,�we�need�to�produceheat�in�our�homes.�Conventional�homes,with�their�heat�supply�next�to�thefloor�and�their�return�duct�next�tothe�floor,�have�a�hard�time�dealing�withthe�heat�sitting�up�at�the�ceiling�level.So,�it�is�usually�80�up�high�and�60�onthe�floor.�All�those�square�box�roomsand�air�that�doesn�t�like�to�move�atright�angles.

The�Dome�has�an�advantage�with�itsround�shape.�Warm�air,�introduced�at�thefloor�around�the�outside�of�the�Dome,flows�readily�to�the�top�of�the�Dome

It�would�be�nice�if�it�would�thencirculate�around�and�up�and�down�insidethe�Dome�by�itself.�That�theorydoesn�t�take�into�account�the�secondfloor�system,�skylights�cooling�offthe�air,�chimneys�and�the�like�hindering

the�air�flow.�The�warm�air�needs�somehelp�to�move�around.

Natural�Spaces�Domes�utilizes�awarm�air�intake�at�the�top�of�the�Domeconnected�to�the�furnace�air�handler.This�equalizes�the�temperature�in�thedome�with�dome�owners�reporting�nomore�than�1��to�2��difference�betweenthe�lower�floor�and�the�loft.

If�you�ARE�using�radiant�floorheat,�a�large�ceiling�fan�or�an�in-line�fanin�a�return�air�duct�would�equalize�theair�temperatures.

Our�domes�are�super-insulatedwith�tight�vapor�barriers�and�superlow�infiltration.�An�air-to-air�heat�orenergy�recovery�ventilator�(HRV�orERV)�will�provide�a�source�of�freshmake-up�air�and�especially�important�incolder�regions�of�the�country,�willtemper�incoming�air.�An�HRV/ERV�will

Page 10: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

9

ventilation wall cavity

As�leaders�and�pioneers�in�thefield�of�dome�home�technology,Natural�Spaces�has�developed�a�domewall�ventilation�system�that�providesfor�continuous�natural�air�circulationover�the�entire fiberglass�insulationsurface.

Air�enters�at�the�bottom�ofthe�dome�shell�through�aflared�base�vent�skirt�withscreening,�rises�as�it�iswarmed�by�the�sun,�andescapes�out�of�the�toplow�profile�vent�cupola.

The�air�beingvented�carries�with�itany�moisture-laden�airthat�has�migrated�intothe�wall�cavity�fromthe�inside�of�the�dome.

Most�other�dome�companies�ignorethe�condensation�problem�or�simplydon�t�know�it�exists.

Almost�all�of�the�building�codescall�for�a�vented�air�space�on�thecold�side�of�the�insulation�in�anycathedral�ceiling.�All�building�codesrequire�ventilation�of�attic�spaces.

Dome�companies�that�use�rigidinsulation,�cutting�it�to�fit�within�thetriangles,�may�have�a�seriouscondensation�problem�because�theinsulation�board�does�not�fit�tight�tothe�outside�panel.�This�leaves�aperfect�space�for�vapor�to�condenseon�the�outside�panel.�

If�you�have�ever�tried�cutting�4x8sheets�of�insulation�board�and�tried�tofit�them�into�triangular�spaces,�youknow�you�can�t�get�a�tight�fit.

Vapor�barriers�that�are�put�uptriangle�by�triangle�create�a�gap�atevery�single�joint,�allowing�vapor�oeasily�enter�the�roof�cavity.�

The�only�kind�of�insulation�notsubject�to�this�problem�is�sprayeD-in=place�urethane.�This�material,�whenproperly�applied�to�dry�wood,�adheresand�does�not�allow�vapor�to�penetrate.However,�there�are�other�problemdetails�to�be�dealt�with�correctly.

Page 11: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

10

condensationCondensation�can�be�described�as

the�change�in�moisture�from�a�vapor�toa�liquid.�Water�vapor�within�the�housecan�migrate�through�the�wall�orceiling�during�the�heating�season�tosome�cold�surface�where�it�condenses,collecting�in�the�form�of�ice�or�frost.During�warm�or�sunny�periods,�thefrost�melts.�When�conditions�aresevere,�this�meltdown�in�unventedspaces�may�drip�to�the�ceiling�belowand�damage�the�interior�finish.�Woodsheathing�may�swell�up.�Insulationbecomes�wet�and�loses�resistance�toheat�loss.�These�problems�can�bereduced�or�eliminated�when�properconstruction�details�are�used.���

The�control�of�condensation�thruthe�use�of�vapor�barriers�andventilation�should�be�practicedregardless�of�the�amount�of�insulationused.�

The�use�of�both�inlet�and�outletvents�in�attic�and�roof�spaces�aids�inkeeping�the�air�moving�and�preventingthe�accumulation�of�frost�orcondensation�on�roof�sheathing�in�coldareas.��Dead��air�pockets�in�the�roofcan�normally�be�prevented�by�gooddistribution�of�inlet�vents�in�the�soffitareas.�However,�there�is�still�a�needfor�vapor�barriers;�ventilation�alone,when�insulation�is�used,�does�notprevent�condensations�problems.

MAP�SHOWING�CONDENSATION�PROBLEM�AREASWinter�condensation�problems�occur�where�the�average�temperature�forJanuary�is�35��or�lower.�Some�intermitant�problems�may�occur�in�otherareas�having�averages�up�to�45�.

Special�ventilation�andvapor�barrier�systems�areneeded�in�coastal�regionsand�mixed-humid�regions This�map�is�from�a�40-

page�governmentpublication�oncondensation�problems

Page 12: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

11

wintertime warmthBuilding�codes�require�certain�insulation

values,�called�R-values,�for�the�walls�androof.�These�are�not�the�ideal�or�the�maximumR-value-it�is�the�minimum R-value.�In�1974�theywere�saying�your�roof�should�have�6��ofinsulation�with�an�R-19.�Currently,�codes�callfor�a�minimum�R-30�IN�THE�FAR�SOUTH,�r-38�INTHE�CENTRAL�AND�northern�states,�R-49�in�theextreme�northern�area.

We�offer�economical,�easy�to�build�domekits�that�will�give�you�R-values�to�boastabout:�R-44,�R-55,�and�R-66.

certainly�ready�for�the�next�century.

The�natural�spaces�dome�systemwas�designed�by�the�People�who�live�inMinnesota-northern�Minnesota.�As�thisbook�is�being�written�the�temp�is�25�below�zero�with�a�20�mph�wind.�Thatmeans�a�wind�chill�factor�of�76��belowzero!

Yes,�we�re�writing�this�from�ourdome�office�and�home.�Yes,�we�arecomfortable�even�though�our�dome�wasbuilt�to�the�standards�we�had�17�yearsago.�We�think�our�system�now�isgreatly�improved�from�the�one�we�hadthen.�We�learn�from�our�pastexperiences-once�we�ve�proven�somethingin�the�field,�we�make�changes.

Building�a�warm�dome�doesn�t�justmean�more�insulation.��It�s�many�things,like�our�vented�dome�shell,�insulationplacement,�caulking�details,�Tyvek�house�wrap,�6�mil�plastic�vapor�barrier,foundation�wall�insulation,�triple�andfour�pane�windows,�internal�heatrecirculation,�and�others�you�will�readabout�later�in�this�book.

Our�warm�dome�is�economical�tobuild.�We�don�t�want�you�sitting�in�yourwarm�dome�worrying�about�how�you�aregoing�to�pay�the�mortgage.�We�wantyou�sitting�in�your�warm�Natural�Spacesdome�chuckling�about�your�neighbor inhis�cold,�conventional,�expensive�house.

Page 13: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

12

summertime coolingIn�the�summer,�the�sun�s�heat

radiates�thru�the�roof�shingles�&plywood.�This�heats�the�air�inside�theshell�cavity.�In�a�standard�roof�thisheat�will�penetrate�thru�theinsulation�into�the�home.�Our�exclusiveventilated�wall�&�roof�cavity�worksjust�like�the�old-time�double�roof.The�heated�air�inside�the�shell�cavityrises�in�our�air�space�between�theinsulation�and�plywood.�This�creates�achimney�effect,�pulling�in�coolerground�air�thru�the�base�vents�andgetting�rid�of�the�hot�air�thruthe�top�vents. Our�view�cupola�utilizes�a

ventilation�principle�perfected�byBucky�Fuller�over�40�years�ago.Windows�on�the�leeward�side�ofthe�cupola�are�opened�and�the�winDgoing�over�the�dome�pulls�the�hotair�out.

Our�12��to�21��thick�super-waldome�shell�allows�for�moreinsulation�at�less�cost�than�anyother�structure�around.�This�extrainsulation�actually�stops�thesummer�heat�from�penetrating�thruthe�dome�wall�and�roof.

All�of�these�measures�combineto�drastically�reduce�the�air-conditioning�load.�In�some�cases,�theneed�for�air-conditioning�iscompletely�eliminated.�

If�you�are�in�a�climate�or�sitethat�does�need�air-conditioning,�ourview�cupola�with�windows�makes�foran�easy�installation�of�a�windowtype�air-conditioner.�Because�of�oursuper-insulation�and�the�idea�thatcool�air�drops,�it�s�amazing�what�a5,000-10,000�BTU�unit�willaccomplish.

Open�stairways,�open�lofts,return�air�ducts,�reversible�ceilingfans,�brick�fireplace�mass�and�othersimilar�features�contribute�tomaking�the�air-conditioner�workeffectively�and�efficiently.

Page 14: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

13

super-locconnection system

At�the�heart�of�the�Natural�SpacesDome�system�is�our�patented�connectionhardware�which�we�call�the�super-lok.

Invented�in�1978,�it�was�the�answer�tosix�years�of�dome�building�usinginadequate�wood�plates,�metal�brackets,and�panelized�systems.

The�sleeve�is�made�from�very�heavygauge�steel�with�extra�thick�zinc�platingto�make�it�rustproof.

In�connecting�the�sleeve�to�the�woodstrut,�anything�less�than�four�1/2��boltsjust�wouldn�t�do�to�satisfy�ourstringent�engineering�requirements.�Again,the�bolts�and�nuts�are�zinc�plated.

What�we�were�looking�for�was�aconnector�that�was�self-aligning�and�sosimple�to�put�together�that�any�dummy-sorry,�that�should�be�any��novice��domebuilder�could�do�it.

We�didn�t�want�you�to�have�to�doany�of�the�assembly�of�the�struthardware�upon�the�scaffolding.

With�our�system�all�you�do�is�slipthe�sleeve�tongue�into�the�hub�slot�andpound�a�hardened,�zinc�plated�bolt��pin��inplace,�securely�locking�the�twotogether.�That�s�it-no�coming�back�totighten,�no�re-aligning,�no�adjusting.

The�next�step�is�just�moving�on�tothe�next�strut.

Working�with�our�structural�engineerand�our�metal�fabricator,�we�came�up�withour�unique�hub�design.

The�entire�hub�is�a�one�piece,�very�highstrength,�aluminum�extrusion.

The�tongue�from�the�sleeve�fits�ontothe�slot�around�the�perimeter�of�thehub.

Having�squashed�various�pipe�hubsduring�testing,�we�came�up�with�integralreinforcing�spokes�to�strengthen�thehub.�It�now�could�take�extreme�pressurefrom�the�struts-both�pulling�and�pushing.�

So�sure�were�we�that�we�had�afantastic�dome�connection�system,�weobtained�a�patent,�#4,�262,�461.

Page 15: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

14

The�need�for�a�super-strong�connectiondevice�for�domes�becomes�evident�in�examininghow�the�dome�framework�reacts�to�loads:

The�dome�framework�transfers�allof�the�roof�loads�directly�to�thebase�of�the�dome.��These�loads�getadded�to�each�other�on�the�way�down.The�lower�part�of�the�dome�has�to�beable�to�take�6,000-8,000�pounds�ofpressure�at�each lower�connectionpoint.�This�means�that�the�weakest�linkin�the��chain��has�to�be�able�to�takethis�pressure.

Our�super-lok�connector�has�beentested�independently�and�by�itself�willwithstand�over�14,000�pounds�oftension.�However,�tests�were�run�withour�sleeve�mounted�on�the�#1�gradesouthern�pine�strut.�This�betterresembles�actual�load�situations.

The�test�tried�to�pull�the�woodstrut�from�the�hub.�The�wood�split�atover�8,000�pounds�but�did�not�actuallycome�apart.�Our�sleeve�has�four�1/2�bolts�connecting�it�to�the�strut.�Oneof�our�competitors�uses�2�bolts�inattaching�a�bracket�to�their�strut.They�use�fir�lumber�which�is�not�asstrong�as�southern�pine.�Even�thoughthey�use�5/8��bolts,�our�connectionsystem�would�still�hold�at�least�30%more�stress.

We�have�done�extensive�computerengineering�analysis�on�our�dome�withour�structural�engineers.�Our�systemsurpassed�the�structural�needs�for�10different�loading�criteria�the�worst�ofwhich�were:�

80#�snow�load�combinedwith�80�mph�wind

50#�snow�load�combinedwith�90�mph�wind

80#�snow�load�combinedw/zone�4�earthquake

120�mph�basic�windThis�combination�loading�creates

what�is�called��eccentric��loadingwhere�all�of�the�normal�roof�load�isput�on�only�1/2�of�the�dome.�Again�wesurpassed�the�structural�needs.

The�Natural�Spaces�connector�isthe strongest�dome�connector�on�themarket.

Our�competitors�have�been�heard�tosay�our�system�is�over engineered�-we�think�you�deserve�nothing�less.

Page 16: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

15

super-walthe double strut system

Most�other�dome�companies�offer�2x4struts�as�standard�or�at�best�2x6�asstandard.�Very�few�will�even�offer�2x8�asan�option.�Why?�Probably�because�it�s�easyand�cheap.�For�them,�that�is.

We�learned�several�hundred�domes�agothat�a�2x6�dome�is�not�enough.

When�Natural�Spaces�was�formed�in�1978,we�had�learned�from�six�years�of�domebuilding�and�the�energy�crisis�that�oldbuilding�methods�were�not�going�to�carryus�into�the�21st�century.

So,�we�invented�the�super-wal�doublestrut�system�providing�a�true�superinsulated�dome�system.�

When�you�buy�a�dome�shell�systemfrom�us,�your�super-wal�struts�come�pre-assembled�with�sleeves�attached�ready�toerect.

We�learned�how�to�manufacture�a�15�,�18�or�21��wide�strut�for�the�same�price�asour�2x10�strut.�We�learned�how�toproduce�and�sell�them�for�less�moneythan�our�competitors�2x6�dome�system.

Why�do�you�need�such�a�thick�strut?To�add�more�insulation�and provide�forwall�cavity�air�ventilation.

Is�there�a�maximum��R��value�or�a�pointof�diminishing�returns?�The�additionalinvestment�you�are�making�in�the�super-walis�so�small�that�you�get�a�fantasticreturn.�If�anyone�can�predict�what�theworld�energy�picture�will�be�like�10,�25or�50�years�from�now,�we�ll�tell�youexactly�what�the�payback�is.�Just�thinkback�20�years�ago.�Now,�don�t�you�wantsomething�more�than�a�2x6�dome?

We�also�made�our�super-wal�systemeasy�to�erect.�Being�pre-assembled,�youdon�t�have�to�go�back�and�add�anything�ortighten�or�align�anything.

Once�you�pound�the�bolt�pin�in�place,your�framework�is�locked�rigidlytogether.�You�erect�your�double-strutdome�framework�in�one�day�in�one�operation.

Page 17: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

16

for superinsulatingBecause�we�use�safe,�economical,

fiberglass�batt�insulation,�we�havedeveloped�standard�super-wal�sizes:Superwal Insulation Air�Space R-Value

12� 9�1/2� 2�1/2�������3415� 6�1/4�&�6�1/4����2�1/2� 4418� 6�1/4�&�91/2� 2�1/4� 5521� 9�1/2�&�9�1/2������2� 66

Two�6��batts�are�cheaper�than�one�12�batt.�We�notch�our�struts�and�set�backour�sleeve�to�allow�airflow�betweenpanels.

Our�super-wal�system�includes�theriser�wall�and�the�view�cupola.�It�s�atotal�superinsulated�shell�from�thefloor�up.

Our�super-wal�double�strut�system�isnot a�new�experimental�system.�We�ve�beenbuilding�it�for�years.�It�s�practical�andeconomical�to�build.�Best�of�all,�it�willsave�you�thousands�of�dollars�in�yourfuture�fuel�bills,�providing�you�comfort�ofmind�and�body.

Page 18: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

17

exterior panelsA�Natural�Spaces�dome�uses�3/4�

exterior�grade�plywood�for�theexterior�triangular�sheathing�panels.�At�atime�when�other�dome�companies�werefiguring�out�how�to�use�thinnersheathing,�we�were�looking�at�thequality�of�our�system.�3/4��plywoodallows�us�to��free-span��each�trianglewithout�requiring�expensive�and�time-consuming�bracing�between�the�struts.

This�is�how�weget�a�fulltriangle�out�ofeach�sheet�ofplywood

Our�triangles�are�cut�from�4�x8�sheets�that�have�a�tongue�and�grooveedge�on�each�long�side.�It�s�a�plywoodcalled�underlayment�grade,�which�isreadily�available�from�any�lumber�yard.

When�the�two�pieces�of�the�trianglepanel�come�together,�there�is�a�tongueand�groove�edge�along�the�joint�line.This�creates�a�very�stiff�joint�thatdoes�not�require�additional�bracing�behindit,�except�in�very�extreme�structuralloading�situations.

We�then�use�the�rest�of�theplywood�sheet�to�make�our�gussetplates�for�our�super-wal�strut,�therebyalmost�completely�eliminating�any�scrap.

Other�dome�companies�use�1/2��plywoodor�1/2��chipboard.�In�order�to�use�1/2�plywood�dome�triangles,�you�have�to�adD2x4�braces�at�16��O.C.�to�support�theroof�load.�All�of�these�braces�createadditional�areas�for�heat�loss�to�occurdirectly�thru�the�framing.�They�alsocreate�dead�air�spaces�and�make�it�almostimpossible�to�ventilate�the�wall-roofcavity.�In�other�hub�and�strut�domesystems�this�additional�bracing�addstremendously�to�the�time�involved�inputting�up�the�frame,�not�to�mention�theadditional�costs�which�can�be�significant.

Chipboard�or�waferboard�also�hasexpansion�problems�with�moisture�present.

Page 19: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

18

insulationFiberglass�batt�insulation,�we�have

found,�is�the�safest�and�most�economicaltype�for�our�domes.

Some�dome�companies�claim�they�canget�an�R-35�using�2x4�construction.Building�codes�allow�only�a�maximum�r-value�of�6.25/inch�for�figuring�foam-insulating�values.�Multiply�that�times�31/2��thick�struts�and�you�get�an�R-22.

Other�companies�also�say�that�thereare�vastly�diminishing�returns�beyond�acertain�R-value.�Currently,�the�minimumceiling�R-value�for�the�northern�tier�ofthe�U.S.�is�R-38.�25�years�ago�these�same�authorities��were�suggesting�an�R-19ceiling.�How�will�it�change�in�the�future?Why�build�a�dome�home�with�2/4�s�or2x6�s�that�starts�out�25�years�behindthe�times?!

You�actually�pay�substantially�lessfor�a�Natural�Space�dome�with�an�R-44value�than�you�do�for�the�competition�sdome�with�an�R-30!

We�offer�industrial�type�densebatts�in�various�thicknesses�of�6�,�8��and9�1/2�.�We�put�in�2�layers�creating�12�,�16�and�19�.�We�also�offer�widths�of�60�,�72�and�96�.�This�allows�for�one-piecetriangles�with�no�splices�and�quickerinstallation.

Other�insulation�types�are:���Sprayed�Urethane�Foam-�does�notrequire�condensation�ventilation�if�doneproperly.�Because�of�high�installed�cost,this�type�is�usually�used�for�larger,commercial�domes.���Rigid�Insulation�Board-�this�type�willwork�only�if�provisions�are�made�for�atleAst�1�1/2��of�ventilation�space�betweenthe�outside�sheathing�and�the�insulation.Its�R-value�is�twice�that�of�fiberglassbut�its�cost�is�four�times�greater

Cellulose,�Icynene�,�lamb�s�wool,natural�cotton�are�some�of�the�otherinsulations�currently�available.�We�canhelp�you�figure�out�what�s�best�foryou.

Page 20: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

19

roofingThe�dome�is�essentially�all�roof.

Leaky�domes�are�caused�by�incorrectroofing�applications�and�poorly�designedand�installed�skylights.�The�NaturalSpaces�complete�domes�building�systeminsures�a�watertight�and�leak�free�homefor�years�to�come.

Our�illustrated�construction�manualshows�you�or�your�builder�roofingtechniques�that�we�have�perfectedover�the�last�25�years�in�the�designand�construction�of�several�hundreddomes.

Our�experience�is�your�gain.

Page 21: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

20

Most�of�the�extra�time�roofing�adome�is�involved�in�setting�up�theladders�and�scaffolding�and�then�inmoving�materials�and�people�around.

We�shingle�our�domes�triangle�bytriangle.�Starting�at�the�bottom�pointup�triangles,�the�shingles�are�cutshort�of�the�panel�edge.�Then�thepoint�down�triangles�are�doneoverlapping�the�triangle�below�by�5�,allowing�for�secure�nailing�and�goodseal�down.

Another�shingling�type�is�the�wrapmethod,�which�only�works�on�thelower�portion�of�high�profile�domes.The�top�portions�have�to�be�done�intriangles.

Our�curb-mounted�skylights�with�6flashing�extensions�are�an�integralpart�of�our�complete�watertight�roofsystem.�Other�skylights�come�withonly�a�1�1/2��to�2��flashing-barelyenough�to�cover�the�shingles.�Ourflashings�are�enamelized�aluminum�orPVC�coated�aluminum�so�you�never�haveto�repaint�them.�We�offer�them�in�15colors�to�blend�with�your�shinglesand�match�your�trim.

Extensive�use�of�ice�and�water-shield�membranes,�metal�base�flareddrip�edges,�oversized�drip�and�roofedge�flashings�are�other�ways�weensure�a�long�lasting�leak�free�domehome.

The�vast�majority�of�our�domesare�shingled�with�30-50�yeardimensional�asphalt�shingles.�We�do�notuse��3-tab��type�asphalt�shingles-theydo�not�work�on�a�dome.�

We�shingle�triangle�by�trianglewith�a�6��overlap�of�the�lowertriangle�by�the�upper�triangle.�We�donot�use�or�allow�ridge�caps�on�anyof�the�joints.�We�do�not�have�leaks.Period.�

Reinke�aluminum�shakes�are�anotheroption.�They�have�a�limited�lifetimewarranty�and�come�in�11�colors�and�realcopper.�Real�cedar�shakes�or�shinglescan�be�used�if�you�have�an�experiencedroofer�who�has�applied�them�before.

The�dome�at�right�has�anelastomeric�liquid�roofing�system.Texture�can�be�added�to�this�system.Our�Natural�Spaces�dome,�because�it�isventilated�under�the�roofing�plywoodand�uses�touch-sanded�plywood,�isideally�suited�for�this�application.

Page 22: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

21

riser wallsOur�basic�dome�shell�package

includes�riser�walls�in�the�followingheights:

Model�475/625�high����Special�4�/8��Model�950/1250�low 45��highModel�950/1250�high 28��highModel�1500/1700�low 45��highModel�1600/1800�mid 28��high

We�can�supply�riser�walls�in�varyingheights�up�to�48��high.�We�will�workout�the�correct�height�in�conjunctionwith�your�particular�plan.�Risersdetermine�extension�arch�height,�secondfloor�height�and�main�floor�windowheight.

We�don�t�like�to�waste�material.�Ourriser�wall�incorporates�the�firsthorizontal�row�of�struts�as�its�topplate.�Because�our�plywood�sheathingruns�down�the�face�of�the�rim�joist,�wedon�t�need�an�outside�bottom�plate.�On�a40��diam.�Dome�this�saves�you�240�lin.�Ft.of�lumber.

Our�corner�riser��strut��has�asleeve�structurally�attaching�it�to�thedome�above.

Our�super-wal�system�uses�thestrut�thickness�as�the�riser�wallthickness.�Here�again,�we�use�inexpensive2x4�studs�on�the�outside�and�inside�tosave�money.�You�then�have�a�doublewall�riser�superinsulated�for�energyefficiency.�(The�picture�shows�a�2x6riser�for�a�garage�dome).

On�our�26�/29��models�475/625�we�havealtered�the�dome�geometry�and�createda�unique�trapezoid�shaped�riser�wall.The�low�point�is�4��and�the�high�point�is8�.�ON�these�smaller�domes�thisprovides�a�vertical�wall�for�lessexpensive�conventional�window.�This�alsohas�the�advantage�of�providing�a�muchlarger�loft�area�with�greater�headroomthan�is�normally�founding�a�standard26�/29��dome.�

This�altered�geometry�alsoprovides�two�high�extension�openingsdirectly�opposite�each�other.�The�29�dome�at�right�can�easily�be�developedinto�a�three�bedroom�home�with�1500sq.�ft.

Page 23: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

22

The�drawing�at�right�shows�a36��low�profile�model�950�with�andwithout�a�36��riser.�In�this�case�ifyou�want�a�usable�loft,�you�haveto�add�a�riser�wall.�The�40��diam.Low�profile�would�add�about�2��ofheight�to�this�drawing.

The�height�of�the�riser�willalso�determine�the�height�of�theextension.�A�36��high�profile�domehas�6�-8��between�horizontal�strutrows�which�is�too�low�to�fit�astandard�door�with�framing.�So,�youneed�a�riser�wall.

You�want�to�also�line�up�thesecond�floor�framing�so�that�itties�into�the�second�horizontalstrut�band�and�this�requires�ariser�(height�depends�on�dome).

If�you�are�building�a�lowprofile�dome�and�are�using�a�riserwall�higher�than�42�,�we�suggestyou�consider�adding�a�band�oftriangles�instead,�making�it�a�highprofile�dome.�As�shown�at�right,�acomparable�band�of�dome�trianglesis�more�efficient�than�aconventionally�framed�wall.�Becauseframing�lumber�has�a�much�lower�R-value�than�insulation,�the�moreframing,�the�more�heat�is�lost.

If�you�re�planning�to�build�adome�on�an�8��riser�wall,�it�justwon�t�look�right;�besides,�we�thinkyou�want�a�dome�home�not�a�dome-capped�round�house.

Another�use�of�the�riser�wallis�for�the�insertion�of�conventionaltype�awning�or�casement�windowsto�provide�ventilation.�Most�awningwindows�would�require�a�riserheight�of�26��to�28��as�they�areabout�24��high.�

We�like�to�use�the�trianglewindows�for�view�windows�becausethey�don�t�have�any�screens,�beinga�fixed�unit,�screens�even�whennew,�restrict�up�to�50%�of�yourview.�By�lacing�an�awning�windowwith�screen�in�the�riser,�you�arenot�looking�out�of�it�for�view,�butare�using�it�for�ventilation�andlight.

Page 24: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

23

extensionsBy�extending�a�particular�area�of

the�Dome,�you�can�gain�square�footagewhere�it�is�most�needed.�Instead�ofhaving�to�go�to�the�next�larger�sizeDome�to�make�your�plan�work,�simpleextensions�may�be�your�answer.

Extensions�are�made�up�of�a�seriesof�2x8�or�double�2x4�pre-fabricatedarches�spaced�24��apart.�The�top�andslanted�sides�are�shingled�while�thestraight�part�matching�the�height�ofthe�riser�is�sided.

The�shape�of�the�arches�shouldmatch�the�opening�in�the�Dome�shell.However,�we�have�altered�thistraditional�shape�to�accommodatespecial�design�features�such�as�sidedoor�entries.

Extensions�are�put�on�to�create�aflat�end�wall�for�easy�installation�ofconventional�doors�and�windows.�Theend�wall�is�usually�set�back�2��or�3�to�provide�a�rain�shield/sun�screen.This�setback�also�softens�the��hardedge��of�the�extension�by�creatingshadow�lines.

Extensions�give�the�dome�a�neededhorizontal�line,�helping�to��wed��thedome�to�the�ground.

They�also�break�up�the��bubble�look�of�the�dome,�softening�itssevere�roundness.

A�Natural�Spaces�Dome�does�nothave�to�have�5�extensions�like�somecompetitors�domes.�Your�dome�kitcomes�as�a�complete�dome�withnothing�left�out�for�extensions.�Youonly�add�them�on�as�you�need�to.

As�shown�at�right,�many�peopleuse�the�extensions�for�a�greenhouse,�sun�space,�or�hot�tub�room.�Bycoming�out�the�east�or�west�side�ofthe�dome,�a�large�group�of�windowscan�be�put�on�the�south�slanted�wallfor�solar�gain.�In�this�case�at�right�anatrium�door�is�on�the�end�wall�leadingto�a�deck.

In�most�every�dome�an�extension�isused�for�entry.�In�colder�climatesthis�is�set�up�with�an�inner�and�outerdoor�with�a�closet�between.�Thiscreates�an��energy�lock,��keeping�thecold�wind�from�directly�entering�thedome�when�the�door�is�opened.

Page 25: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

24

Our�exclusive�twostory�extensionfor�high�profiledomes�in�this�caseprovides�a�mainfloor�entry�andbreakfast�roomalong�with�a�2ndstory�extensionof�the�masterbedroom.�Note�theone�piece�pre-fabricated�arch�atright�and�thesunburst�at�left.

For�architectural�design�as�well�asstructural�stability,�we�match�the�lowerlevel�with�the�extension�above.�The�lines�ofextension�seem�to�grow�out�of�the�grounddiminishing�its��add-on��look.�By�completelysupporting�all�sides�of�it,�we�eliminatedifferential�settling�that�could�take�place.

Extensions�seem�to�overpower�the�domewhen�viewed�from�the�outside.�The�picturebelow�was�taken�with�a�wide-angle�lens,which�didn�t�help.�However,�the�dome�has�thatquality�of�looking�small�on�the�outsidewhile�the�extension�looks�larger.�You�justhave�to�get�inside�to�see�how�they�balanceeach�other.

Page 26: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

25

The All-Weather Wood FoundationWhat�is�an�All-Weather�Wood�Foundation?

It�s�a�basement�built�of�wood,�just�like�the�walls�of�yourhouse�-�with�a�difference.

The�difference�is�that�the�wood�framing�and�plywood�arepressure-preservative-treated�to�make�them�last�in�contactwith�the�ground,�like�the�wood�pilings�and�supports�underhigh-rise�buildings�constructed�more�than�80�years�ago.�(Thepreservative�treatment�is�even�better�now.)

Why�is�an�AWWF�so�good?It�s�a�better�building�system�because�it�has�features�no

other�foundation�system�can�offer.�Here�are�just�a�few.

1. It�is�designed�and�engineered�especially�for�your�home�site,your�soil�conditions,�your�house�plan.�Wood�foundations�don�tcrack�because�plywood-and-lumber�construction�acts�as�astructural�diaphragm,�a��bridge��across�areas�of�differing�soilsettlement.�Wood�has�the�ability�to�absorb�stresses�of�alltypes�that�cause�cracks�in�more�brittle�materials.�

2. The�All-Weather�Wood�Foundation�provides�drier,�morecomfortable�living�area�below�grade.�The�AWWF�starts�with�anexcellent�drainage�system�built�in,�not�fix-it�measures�later.The�AWWF�is�dry�to�start�with,�because�it�s�built�to�be�drywith�dry�materials,�and�it�stays�that�way.�Whether�yourhouse�is�set�into�a�hillside�or�stands�in�a�level�lot,�you�getno�moist,�clammy��basementy��feeling,�no�musty�smells.�

3. The�AWWF�costs�less�to�live�in.�Wood�is�a�naturalinsulator�and�wood�framing�provides�for�ease�of�installingthicker�batt-type�insulation,�resulting�in�substantially�lessheat�loss�through�the�wall.�You�don�t�have�to�pay�forexcessive�heat�loss�through�the�foundation.�An�insulated�woodfoundation�saves�many�dollars�annually�in�fuel�costs.

4. An�AWWF�can�cut�your�initial�building�costs.�Your�builderdoesn�t�have�to�pay�workmen�or�delay�construction�whilewaiting�for�rain�to�stop,�ground�to�dry�or�thaw,�or�concreteor�mortar�to�cure.�He�can�put�in�an�AWWF�in�any�weather.Your�house�goes�up�faster.�You�get�a�high-quality�home,bottom�to�top,�and�the�savings�can�be�passed�on�to�you.�

5. A�wood�foundation�is�easy�to�finish�inside.�There�is�no�needto�attach�furring�strips�to�permit�installing�insulation�andinterior�finish�materials�such�as�drywall�or�paneling.�With�anAWWF,�the�nailable�studs�are�already�in�place.�Thicker,�moreeffective�insulation�can�be�readily�added�to�an�AWF�wall.Finishing�is�as�simple�as�any�other�wood�wall.�If�you�are�ahandy�homeowner,�you�can�save�even�more�money�by��doing�thefinishing�work�yourself.�

6. The�AWWF�exterior�can�be�finished�many,�many�attractiveways.�It�can�match�or�complement�the�rest�of�your�home�sexterior.�It�can�be�finished�with�wood�siding,�stucco,�brickveneer�-�any�kind�of�finish�used�on�the�upper�part�of�aconventional�home.�Plywood�sidings�with�wood�stains�makeavailable�many�pleasing�combinations�of�texture�and�color�for

7. An�AWWF�provides�more�actual�living�area�belowgrade.�Multiply�the�extra�three�to�six�inches�ofconcrete�or�masonry�wall�thickness�by�the�lengthand�width�of�each�wall�in�your�basement.�Add�theanswers�together�to�get�the�total�extra�spaceyour�AWWF�provides.�This�can�add�from�35�to�70square�feet�or�more.�At�today�s�construction�costs,it�s�a�meaningful�bonus�benefit.

8. An�AWWF�is�easy�to�remodel.�You�can�add�windowor�door�openings�or�readily�make�additions�to�anAWWF�at�a�later�date.�

Who�says�an�AWWF�is�a�betterbuilding�system?

All-Weather�Wood�Foundations�are�recognized�byall�the�major�building�codes�in�the�United�States�andby�most�local�codes.�They�are�also�accepted�byboth�government�and�private�mortgage�insuring�andlending�agencies.�The�Farmers�Home�Administrationguarantees�loans�up�to�50�years�for�certain�multi-family�housing�units�on�All-Weather�Wood�Foundations.Loans�for�single-family�homes�on�AWFF�s�run�the�samelength�as�other�conventional�home�loans.�Insurancerates�are�the�same�as�for�other�foundation�systems.People�who�live�in�homes�on�All-Weather�WoodFoundations�say�that�they�wouldn�t�have�it�any�otherway.�

Page 27: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

26

a Natural Spaces wood foundation

All�wood�foundations�arenot�created�equalReading�thru�our�literature,�you�know

that�Natural�Spaces�is�committed�toresource�efficiency�and�minimizingenvironmental�degradation.�

When�first�available,�we�switched�tothe�new�ACQ�treated�wood�containing�NOArsenate,�Chromium�or�other�EPA�listedhazardous�items.�

ACQ�preserve�is�guaranteed�toprotect�against�rot,�decay�and�termiteattack�using�an�environmentally-sensitivepreservative.�It�also�comes�with�a�lifetimewarranty.

We�also�use�a�60�mil�thick�membranewaterproofing�which�will�not�dry�out�andcrack�like�old-fashioned�tar�dampproofing.

We�use�high�quality�stainless�steelnails�below�grade.

Our�standard�wall�utilizes�ACQpreserved�2x8�kiln�dried�studs�for�addedstrength�and�insulation�value.�Our�footingsare�2x10�providing�better�bearing.

We�custom�build�our�treated�woodfoundations�in�pre-panelized�sections�tomatch�your�dome�above.�The�stud�size,spacing�and�details�are�worked�out�foryour�site.�For�those�who�want�to�buildand�fabricate�their�own�foundation�panels,we�can�provide�detailed�shop�drawings.

Those�are�most�of�the�reasons�whyours�is�the�highest�quality�treatedwood�dome�foundation�on�the�market.�

Other�foundations:Our�domes�are�often�built�using�other

types�of�foundations:�insulated�concreteslab�on�grade�(often�with�radiant�floorheating�systems�built�in);�crawl�spaces;pier�footings;�full�lower�levels(basement�or�walk�out).

We�also�have�many�domes�utilizing�thenew�insulated�foam�forms�for�reinforcedpoured�concrete�walls.�

Page 28: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

27

cupolasventillation & view type

This�is�what�the�low�profile�ventcupola�looks�like�on�a�40��diam.�Dome.It�s�designed�to�be�as�unobtrusive�aspossible.�

The�vent�cupola�is�designed�forreleasing�any�moisture-laden�air�thatwould�have�been�trapped�within�thedome�wall/roof.�(Also�see�page�7).

This�vent�cupola�comes�pre-cutready�to�install�when�you�buy�ourpre-cut�dome�shell�package.�When�youowner-build,�we�include�complete�plans.�

The�picture�at�right�shows�ourbase�vent�skirt�at�the�top�of�theriser�wall.�It�allows�air�into�theshell�cavity�at�the�bottom�of�thetriangles.

At�right�is�an�inside�look�at�our�viewcupola�without�the�loft�floor.�Thewindows�provide�excellent�naturalwhole�house�ventilation�as�explained�onpage�10.�

The�windows�are�operated�by�anextended�pole�crank�or�by�the�touchof�a�button�if�you�have�the�optionalelectric�operators.�

The�awning�windows�are�protectedfrom�rain�by�the�overhang�of�thecupola�roof.�With�an�electric�operator,you�can�also�have�a�rain�sensorcloser�control.

Although�we�call�this�type�ofcupola�the��view��cupola�because�of�itswindows,�its�original�intent�was�forventilating�the�inside�living�space�of�thedome.�As�the�hot�air�rises�to�the�top,wind�action�over�and�around�the�cupolasucks�the�hot�air�ot�of�the�leewardside.�Just�utilizing�old-fashionedprinciples.�

There�is�a�certain�amount�of�lightgain�with�all�the�windows�up�top�butthat�should�not�be�the�main�reason�forchoosing�a�cupola.�

The�standard�window�height�in�ourview�cupola�is�24�.�We�can�adjust�theheight�above�the�dome�to�allow�fortaller�windows.�This�would�also�raisethe�floor�of�the�skyloft.�

The�actual�diameter�of�the�cupola�isdependent�upon�the�opening�created�bythe�top�pentagon�in�each�dome�size.�

Page 29: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

28

skyloft view cupolaOur�optional�skyloft�is�suspended

from�the�dome�framework�putting�you�ateye�level�with�the�cupola�windows.

Breathtaking�views�to�the�horizon.The�ultimate�dome�home�observation����platform-with�or�without�telescope.�

A�retreat�space�to�end�all.

The�skyloft�is�actually�a�verysimple�structure�to�build.�We�set�up�avertical��strut��in�each�corner�of�thetop�pentagon.�The�roof�struts�areattached�to�the�top�of�these�posts�andthe�floor�joists�to�the�bottom.�

The�floor�joists�and�roof�strutsare�each�joined�at�the�center�to�aNatural�Spaces�hub�unit�forming�anextremely�strong�and�rigid�connection.�

Access�to�the�skyloft�can�be�by�astair/ladder�or�a��disappearing��typestair.�Small�spiral�stairs�will�alsowork.�

Window�seats�are�usually�set�upunder�one�or�two�of�the�windows.�

Windows�do�not�have�to�be�put�onall�sides�-�there�is�usually�a�chimneyflue�coming�up�one�side�or�maybe�youwant�to�block�out�a�certain�view.�Forsecurity�and�air�flow,�a�railing�is�builtbetween�floor�&�dome.�

Other�dome�companies�have�tosupport�their�cupola�from�below.�Oursseems�to�float�while�being�strongenough�to�safely�support�as�manypeople�as�can�physically�fit�in�thecupola.�

Page 30: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

29

interior panelsThe�choice�of�the�interior�panel

sets�the�whole�mood�of�your�domeinterior�-�from�early�rustic�to�moderncabin�to�high�tech�Scandinavian.�

Pictures�don�t�do�dome�interiorsjustice.�You�have�to�see�the�inside�andpreferably�with�the�type�of�panelyou�intend�to�install.�

Most�Natural�Spaces�interiors�arefinished�with�1x6�or�1x8�tongue�andgroove,�v-jointed�boards.�Spruce�is�theleast�expensive�material�(shown�right)with�other�choices�being�pine,�cedar,birch,�ash,�redwood,�oak,�elm,�maple,walnut�or�whatever�you�want.�

We�ve�learned�that�when�you�dothe�dome�triangles�in�wood,�youshould�put�sheetrock�on�the�riserwall�and�on�interior�walls�to�providecontrast.�If�not,�you�tend�to�lose�thedramatic�impact�of�the�wood�triangles.�

The�triangles�are�fabricated�in�theshop,�cut�into�triangles�and�a�backerboard�added�to�make�them�one�piece.When�they�are�put�up�on�the�dome,�atrim�piece�is�put�on�over�the�joint,allowing�for�expansion�or�contractionand�hiding�other�imperfections�in�thejoint.�We�also�show�you,�the�owner-builder,�how�to�layout�and�cut�theinterior�panels.�

You�ll�be�surprised�at�the�lowcost�for�these�panels,�especiallyusing�spruce�or�pine.�

The�pictures�on�these�pages�maynot�accurately�depict�the��tone��ofout�interior�panels.�Spruce�has�a�verylight��tone��creating�a�bright�interior.�Inour�office�dome�we�have�wiped�thepanels�with�a�white�stain�and�thenapplied�a�satin�finish,�clear,�non-yellowing,�low�V.O.C.�sealer�-�a�naturalwood�white�interior�option�tosheetrock.�

Our�interior�panel�systems�do�notrequire�any�bracing.�They�areengineered�to�free-span�each�triangle.�

If�regular�sheetrock�is�to�be�used,each�triangle�would�require�2x4bracing�at�24��O.C.�to�support�thesheetrock.�

Before�you�do�that,�take�anotherlook�at�our�wood�triangles.�

Page 31: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

30

All�pictures�show�spruce�T&G

Page 32: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

31

customwindows

The�beauty�of�the�dome�is�definitelyenhanced�by�our�ability�to�placewindows�in�any�one�of�its�triangles.Window�shape�and�size�are�notconstraints.�We�bring�the�outdoorsinside�thru�crystal�clear�float�glass.We�can�flood�that�would-be�drearyroom�with�light�all�day,�the�moon�atnight�and�have�a�place�for�yourfavorite�hanging�plants.

Our�window�system�was�designedwith�only�domes�in�mind.�We�didn�t�haveto�compromise�any�details.�There�simplyis�not�another�custom�dome�window�asversatile,�watertight�and�maintenancefree.�

Why�a�Natural�Spaces�skylight?�We�know�that�any�window�on�a�domehas�to�be�treated�as�a�skylight.�It�hasto�be�designed�so�that�the�flashingintegrates�properly�with�the�roofshingles.�It�has�to�be�positioned�forproper�solar�orientation.�The�shape�andgrouping�should�fit�the�size�and�moodof�the�room.�

We�custom�design�each�window�onevery�dome.�Using�a�multitude�of�basicsizes�that�match�the�angles�of�eachdome�triangle,�we�achieve�the�correctgrouping�and�placement�for�yourparticular�dome�and�site.�

Creating�energy-efficient�skylights.The�key�to�the�energy�advantage�ofskylights�is�that�they�make�direct�useof�the�sun�s�light,�transmitting�solarlight�to�reduce�the�demand�forelectricity�for�lighting,�whileefficiently�utilizing�the�sun�s�heat�tofunction�as�a�passive�solar�collector.Triple�pane�construction�combined�withsolar�lighting�and�heating�effects,offset�the��energy�negative��of�heatconduction�thru�the�glass.�

We�think�you�will�agree�as�youread�thru�this�book�-�Natural�Spacesoffers�the�widest�variety,�most�optionsand�highest�quality�in�skylights.�

Page 33: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

32

look at these features - Natural�Spaces�insulated�glass

windows�are�available�in�double,�tripleand�four�pane�systems.�We�use�3/16��and�thick�tempered�glass,�which�is�5times�stronger�than�plate�glass.�Ourskylights�have�made�it�thru�hailstorms�where�conventional�1/8��thicktempered�glass�skylights�wereblasted�out.�

By�using�glass�instead�of�plastic,our�windows�remain�crystal�clearforever.�We�also�have�an�air�spacebetween�each�pane�creating�one�of�thebest�insulating�ratings�obtainable.Low��E��is�also�an�option.

Around�the�entire�window�is�aperforated�spacer�channel�containingSilicate,�a�dehydrating�agent,�absorbingany�moisture�that�happens�to�bebetween�the�panes.�The�entire�glassedge�is�hermetically�sealed�with�adual�seal,�applied�under�controlledconditions,�to�provide�protectionagainst�any�vapor�penetration.�Theglass�unit�is�manufactured�andguaranteed�against�moisture�betweenthe�panes�for�5�or�10�years�by�oneof�the�midwest�s�leading�insulatedglass�suppliers.�If,�for�some�strangereason,�it�fails,�it�will�be�replaced,free�of�charge.�

Our�2x4�wood�frame�is�actually�astructural�frame.�No�interior�framing�orbranching�is�required�-�simply�mount�theframe�on�top�of�our�plywood�skin,�then�lagscrew�thru�the�plywood�into�the�#1�gradesouthern�yellow�pine�frame.�

Another�feature�is�the�6��long�flashingextending�out�from�the�window�on�all�sides.Prefinished�brown�(15�optional�colors�areavailable),�this�flashing�insures�a�properseal�with�the�roofing.�Some�otherskylights�come�with�only�a�2��leg�-�barelyenough�to�slip�under�or�over�the�shingles.�

Natural�Spaces�uses�a�specialbronze�anodized�aluminium�extrusionbetween�the�glass�and�exteriorflashing.�We�use�Tremco�butyl�tapesealants�-�the�same�type�used�in�high-rise�buildings.�The��top�cap��issecured�using�stainless�steel�screwsand�washers.�

So�sure�are�we�of�our�design,�thatwe�offer�a�5-year�guarantee�againstany�rain�leakage�thru�our�frame�orflashing�assembly.�

We�want�to�produce�a�truemaintenance-free,�long-lasting,�good-looking,�energy-efficient�window�-�andwe�think�we�ve�done�it.�

Page 34: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

33

window shapes

trianglesWe�match�our�triangle

windows�to�the�particular�domepanel�they�are�put�into.�The�36�&�40��diam.�Domes�have�3different�panel�sizes�while�the45�-49��diam.�Domes�have�6different�sizes.�We�then�havewindow�sizes�within�each�ofthe�panels�that�go�in�4��increments.�For�every�trianglein�the�dome,�there�may�be�10-12window�sizes.�Generally,�sizesrun�from�triangles�with�a�base36��high�to�sizes�with�a�base88��wide�and�an�altitude�74��high.�

hexagonsThis�is�a�very�appealing

skylight�for�upper�floor�areaslike�bathrooms,�dressing�rooms,etc.�

Our�hexagon�windows�thatfit�within�the�dome�panelgenerally�run�from�24��tip-to-tip�sizes�up�to�52��tip-to-tipsize.�

We�also�make�super�largehexagon�windows�that�fit�overthe�point�where�six�trianglescome�together.�These�sizesrun�from�48��tip-to-tip�up�to�amaximum�of�84��tip-to-tip�size.

trapezoidsThe�trapezoid�shape�is�used

primarily�on�the�main�floorwhere�counters�cut�off�thelower�part�of�the�triangle�-over�a�kitchen�sink�being�themost�popular.�The�exact�shapeof�the�trapezoid�is�matched�tothe�shape�of�the�triangle�panelit�s�in.�The�height�and�width�ofthe�trapezoid�is�custom�sizedand�depends�on�physical�interiorfactors�and�outside�views.�

The�picture�at�right�showsa�band�of�the�trapezoid�shapedwindows�in�a�29��diam.�Domearound�the�extension�arch.�

Page 35: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

34

garagesThe�dome�has�been�very�successful�in

satisfying�the�functional�and�esthetic�needs�ofthe�garage�when�placed�next�to�the�domehome.�The�29��diam.�Offers�625�sq.�ft.�plus�asubstantial�loft�area.�The�36��diam.�Offers�950sq.�ft.�Because�of�its�shape,�the�dome�providesstorage�areas�on�the�sides�and�back�for�allthe�stuff�you�forgot.�We�are�erecting�a�45�diam.�Dome�garage�which�will�house�2�supercabtrucks,�your�basic�car,�2�cars�being�restored,mower,�tiller,�bikes,�topper�and�a�project�areaalong�with�a�large�loft.�All�this�with�nosupport�posts.�Of�course,�the�dome�garagewill�blend�in�best�with�your�dome�home.�

Wedding�the�conventional�garage�to�thedome�is�best�done�by�trying�to�achieve�somecontinuity�in�the�pitch�of�the�roof�and�in�theline�of�the�roof.�The�siding�should�match�thaton�the�dome�and�the�roofing�should�match�thaton�the�dome.�

If�you�have�a�need�for�several�garagedoors�all�facing�the�drive,�this�may�be�thegarage�for�you.�It�has�some�attic�storage�butthat�is�limited�by�the�roof�trusses.�

The�gambrel�or�barn�roof�can�break-up�orsoften�the�conventional�low-pitch�garage�roofand�mimic�the�roof�line�of�the�extension�arches.�

The��tuck-under��garage�can�be�used�onsloping�sites.�The�exposed�roof,�if�flat,�can�beused�as�a�deck�if�care�is�taken�to�make�surethere�is�proper�water�run-off�and�safeguardsagainst�ice�build-up.�The�deck�should�actuallybe�wood�decking�raised�above�the�garage�roofon��sleepers�.�Because�the�dome�goes�overpart�of�the�garage,�there�is�need�foradditional�support�in�the�garage.�For�thisreason�two�9��wide�doors�work�better�thanone�16��wide.�

This�can�be�the�least�expensive�type�ofgarage�because�of�the�dual�use�with�the�domeof�walls,�floor,�roof�and�supports.

Page 36: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

35

large domesNatural�Spaces�patented�dome

connection�hardware�is�engineered�fordomes�up�to�80��in�diameter.�Thiscatalog�is�geared�to�residentialstructures�which�usually�meansdiameters�from�26��to�49�.�However,�wedo�offer�the�following�sizes:

Model�2100�52��diam.�low�profileModel�2300�54��diam.�mid�profile

Model�2600�58��diam.�low�profileModel�2800�60��diam.�mid�profile

Model�3300�65��diam.�low�profileModel�3500�67��diam�mid�profile

Model�4000�72��diam�low�profileModel�4300�74��diam.�mid�profileModel�4700�78��diam.�low�profileModel�5000�80��diam�mid�profile

Projects�with�large�domes�haveincluded:�72��diam.�Dome�for�the�city�ofPoint�Hope,�Alaska�(North�of�the�ArcticCircle),�for�their�city�hall�and�communitycenter;�two�74��diam.�domes�for�anAssembly�of�God�20,000�sq.�ft.�churchcomplex�near�Indianapolis;�52��diam�erectedat�the�summit�of�the�Greenland�ice�cap.�

Below�is�a�triple�dome�church.�It�hasa�49��mid-profile�for�offices,�storage�&meeting�rooms;�a�74��mid-profile�sanctuary,&�a�60��low-profile�for�fellowship�hall�&classrooms�below.

Commercial,�public�&�institutional�domesrequire�preparation�of�plans�withcomplete�engineering�certification.�Workingwith�our�consulting�engineers,�NaturalSpaces�can�provide�these�services.�

Page 37: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

36

commercial usesThe�dome�structure�is�a�natural�for�anyuse�requiring�open�space.�To�repeat�anoften�used�phrase�-��Limited�only�byyour�imagination�.

Natural�Spaces�can�provide�yourcustom�fabricated�dome�components�tomeet�commercial�codes.�

Our�engineers�can�provideprofessionally-engineered�designs�to�meetthe�most�stringent�code�requirements.

Write�or�call�us�to�discuss�yourconcepts-our�experience�is�your�benefit.�

the DESICrestaurant

Dome�restaurant�at�left�is�52��diam.model�2000.�Dome�church�above�is�60�diam.�model�2700.�Dome�church�below�is�74�diam.�model�4300,�part�of�2�dome�group.

Page 38: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

37

solar orientationThis�is�where�the�dome�really

shines!�(couldn�t�resist�the�pun)With�the�ability�to�place�windows

in�any�triangle,�the�dome�can�be�openedup�to�wherever�the�sun�is,�high�orlow.��

Virtually�any�site�can�be�opened�upto�the�south�by�the�dome�windows.�

The�dome�at�right�has�a�largepentagon�group�of�windows�facingsoutheast.�The�solar�greenhousefaces�due�south�for�maximum�solargain.�Below�the�greenhouse�is�a�rockstorage�mass�for�excess�heat.�Theforced�air�furnace�then�draws�the�airfrom�this�space.�

Works�great�-�even�its�northernWisconsin�location.

The�dome�at�right�has�six�veryhigh�triangle�windows�facing�south�andsouthwest.�The�window�height�wasdue�to�the�sun�angle�and�availabletree�openings.�In�the�winter,�the�sunhits�a�large�brick�fireplace�mass�from11AM�to�3PM.�The�sliding�glass�doorsand�south�windows�on�the�west�facingextension�also�collect�heat.�

This�northern�Minnesota�dome�isalways�bright�and�cheerful�inside,uplifting�the�inhabitants�even�on�dullwinter�days.�

Form�follows�function�in�mostdomes.�If�you�want�sun,�you�put�in�awindow.�If�you�want�a�view,�you�put�ina�window.�

Passive�solar�simply�means�youdon�t�have�pumps,�pipes,�motors�or�fansto�get�the�solar�energy�into�yourdome.�Much�cheaper�that�way.�

It�can�be�as�simple�as�the�dome�atright�with�almost�all�of�its�windowsfacing�southeast,�south�andsouthwest.�

We�try�to�use�passive�solarprinciples�in�planning�the�dome�withyou.�There�is�just�so�much�to�begained.�A�Natural�Spaces�dome,�beingsuperinsulated,�can�retain�the�sun�sheat�longer.�

As�fuel�costs�continue�to�rise,the�free�energy�from�the�sun�willlook�better�and�better.

Page 39: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

38

site analysis

contour mapKnowing�the�slope�of�your�site

is�critical�in�the�proper�developmentof�your�plan.�If�there�is�any�slopeat�all,�a�contour�map�should�be�made.�

This�map�would�also�spot�themajor�trees�to�help�plan�for�thebest�open�solar�gain�area�in�winterand�for�summer�shade.�

The�lines�at�right�are�contoursfor�an�actual�site.�A�very�steep�sitebut�one�with�a�lot�of�drama.�Exactlyhow�close�to�or�how�far�over�theedge�of�the�hill�a�dome�should�beplaced,�a�map�would�determine.�

When�the�actual�digging�for�thefootings�begin,�someone�has�to�tellthe�excavator�how�far�down�to�dig.�

Too�far�down�and�you�havedrainage�problems,�a�walk-out�thatwalks�out�into�a�hill,�or�drivewaystoo�steep�to�drive.�

Not�far�enough�down�and�you�havefrost�problems,�entries�too�high�ornot�enough�backfill.

Guessing�isn�t�good�enough.�Youshould�either�rent�a�transit�and�trydoing�it�yourself�or�hire�it�out.�

Natural�Spaces�can�provide�thisservice�with�experienced�people�thatcan�draw�up�a�contour�map�quicklyand�accurately.

site selectionThe�actual�building�site�should

take�into�account�many�physical�andvisual�characteristics:

Sun,�wind,�rain,�snowTrees,�shade,�windbreaksWater�runoff,�drainageDriveways,�walks,�garagesLandscapingViews,�both�good�and�badPrivacy,�noise-and�many�more

Natural�Spaces�can�help�you�insituating�your�dome�on�your�presentor�prospective�site,�using�our�yearsof�experience.�

Page 40: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

39

dome geometryOur�competition�has�a�somewhat

repetitive�view�of�the�dome.�Itseems�to�be�based�on�their�viewingthe�dome�as�an�object�to�bemanufactured.�They�want�to�keepthe�dome�simple�-�for�them�that�is.�

When�they�build�different�domesizes�they�simply�change�the�strutand�panel�lengths�proportionally.So,�a�26��diam.�has�5�1/2��maximum�edgelengths�and�their�46��diam�has�over10��maximum�edge�lengths.�

They�claim�that�by�repetition�ofangles�they�can�keep�the�costdown.�

Then�how�come�a�Natural�Spacesdome�is�cheaper?!

Why�do�we�think�their�view�iswrong�and�what�do�we�do�about�it?�

First�of�all,�can�you�imaginelifting�or�dealing�with�a�trianglehaving�sides�10��or�greater?�

On�the�other�hand,�the�dome�withtriangles�of�5�1/2��or�less�on�a�sidewould�be�a�breeze.�But�what�aboutits�efficiency�in�using�materials?

Natural�Spaces�designs�domes�forpeople�who�build�domes.�We�feelthat�every�part�should�be�able�tobe�lifted�and�handled�reasonably�bypeople�-�after�all,�they�are�theones�building.�When�the�edgelengths�go�beyond�8�-9�,�struts�andpanels�get�hard�to�handle.�

What�did�we�do�about�it?�Wechanged�the�mathematics�of�the�domewhen�we�changed�sizes.�No�matter�ifyou�are�building�a�26��diam.�dome�or�a74��diam.�dome�-�the�strut/panelsizes�are�about�the�same.�Thismakes�handling�a�lot�more�human.�

It�also�looks�better.�Our�largersize�domes�are�not�as�clunkylooking�-�they�re�more�spherical.They�have�a�better�scale�andproportion�to�humans.�

Now,�the�competition�can�arguethat�their�large�dome�has�fewerparts�-�but�what�would�you�ratherhave?�An�aching�back�or�a�nicelooking,�easily�erectable�dome?�

Page 41: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

40

construction manual

If�you�re�going�to�put�up�your�dome,you�need�help�and�lots�of�it.�After�all,when�was�the�last�time�you�put�up�one?

That�s�why�Natural�Spaces�decided�toput�28�years�of�dome�building�experienceinto�a�construction�manual.�We�didn�t�wantyou�to�be�alone.�

This�is�not�your�ordinary�$5�bookletthat�shows�you�how�the�dome�shellgoes�up.�We�re�talking�heavy-dutyconstruction�manual�-�currently�350pages�with�600�photos�covering�thebuilding�of�a�Natural�Spaces�dome.�Wealso�include�several�standard�buildingbooklets�covering�such�things�asplumbing,�electrical,�ventilation,�and�lumberbuilding�basics.�

We�have�added�an�hour-long�videoshowing�our�Beach�Dome�being�built�-risers,�framework,�panels,�view�cupolaskyloft,�extensions,�wall�framing,�upperfloor�framing,�skylight�installation,�andother�items.�

We�try�to�show�building�sequencesclearly�with�lots�of�pictures�anddetails.

Our�Natural�Spaces�constructionmanual�is�designed�for�the�novice�owner-builder.�There�are�also�sections�oncutting�your�own�dome�kit:�how�to�makerisers,�Super-Wal�struts,�the�exteriorand�interior�triangle�panels,�vent�cupola,view�cupola/skyloft�and�extensionarches.�

As�new�products�come�out�or�as�ourcustomers�report�their�use�of�a�newproduct�or�procedure,�we�update�ourconstruction�manual.�We�also�includerelated�product�literature,�trying�tofeature�items�that�are�environmentallysane�and�safe.�

If�you�have�questions�while�you�rebuilding,�you�ll�have�our�phone�number.We�ll�be�around�-�we�expect�to�bebuilding�domes�for�a�long,�long�time.�

You�get�our�construction�manual�whenyou�purchase�a�dome.�You�can�also�getit�before�you�get�your�dome.�Theconstruction�manual�is�our�way�ofstanding�by�your�side�in�your�hours�ofneed.�

Page 42: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

41

book of plansThe�plans�in�the�plan�book�were

developed�for�individual�clients.�You�willbe�reviewing�their�ideas�and�dreams.�Wehope�you�will�peruse�this�bookgleaning�new�ideas�from�each�plan.�Wewant�to�attempt�to�raise�your�domeconsciousness�by�exposing�you�to�awide�variety�of�unusual�plans.�

Plans�are�a�very�moldable�product�-all�you�have�to�do�to�change�somethingis�erase�a�line�and�draw�a�new�one.�

Don�t�be�looking�for�that�perfectplan�-�it�usually�doesn�t�exist,�atleast�until�it�is�created�just�for�you.�

The�plan�book�has�four�to�six�plansfor�each�size�dome.�We�just�don�tshow�you�a�basic�first�and�secondfloor�plan�like�everyone�else�-�weinclude�all�three�floor�plans�(sincemost�of�our�domes�have�lower�levels)and�we�show�a�cut-a-way�section�of�allthree�floors.�Then�we�include�arendered�picture�of�what�that�domelooks�like�in�a�real�setting.�

Domes�Come�True�2�features�only45�-49��domes�with�4-5�groupies.�DomesCome�True�features�mainly�29�-40��domeswith�2�at�46��and�3�groupie�plans.

Natural�Spaces�Domes�would�like�tohave�the�opportunity�to�create�yourplan�with�you�-�our�experience�and�yourdreams�will�make�your�dome�come�true.�

Page 43: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

42

interior planning kitOur�interior�planning�kit�provides

architectural�scale�(1/4�=1�-0�)�griddrawings�for�the�floor�planning�alongwith�a�dome�grid�cross-section�forplanning�heights.�

We�indicate�where�extensions�can�beattached�and�give�you�cut-outs�forplanning�them.�

We�show�you�possible�windowpatterns.�You�are�also�given�theorientation�of�the�skyloft�and�viewcupola.

We�don�t�expect�you�to�plan�outevery�detail�of�your�dome�home.�Wewill�take�your�basic�ideas�and�finishthem�but�some�people�never�got�overthe�paper�doll�cut-out�stage.�

We�provide�an�extensive�group�offurniture�and�appliance�cut-outs�thatmatch�the�scale�of�your�grid�floorplans.�Cut-outs�for�living�rooms,�diningrooms,�bedrooms,�baths,�kitchens,closets,�garages,�and�misc.�items.

You�may�have�some�special�items�thatwith�a�tape�measure�and�our�scale�rulerprovided,�you�can�measure�your�actualpiece�and�make�a�scale�model�cut-out.

Included�is�a�design�programquestionnaire�that�we�have�you�fill�outand�return�along�with�your�layout�ideas.We�can�then�plan�a�dome�based�on�youalone.�

If�you�want�to�use�your�computerfor�drawing,�you�need�to�have�a�C.A.D.program�(even�a��low-end��system)�thatimports�DWG�or�DXF�files.�We�can�thensend�you�a�computer�disk�with�anInterior�Planning�Kit�similar�to�our�papercopy.�See�out�price�list.�

If�you�are�at�all�interested�in�acustom�dome�plan,�then�you�need�this�kit.

The�more�effort�you�put�into�theplanning�process,�the�better�yourhouse�will�function�as�an�environment�foryour�particular�family�and�site.

Page 44: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

43

design philosophy

At�Natural�Spaces,�we�believe�thereis�no�such�thing�as�a��standard��domeplan�just�as�there�is�no�such�thing�asan��average��family.�Also,�each�site�willhave�its�own�advantages�andparticularities.�Road�approaches,�sunexposure,�winter�winds,�summer�breezes,shade�trees,�views,�privacy�and�manyother�items�all�have�a�bearing�on�thedesign�of�your�dome.�Your�family�s�needsand�functions�along�with�each�inhabitantswishes�must�also�be�considered�in�theplanning.

To�relegate�the�dome�to��standardplans��is�to�completely�negate�one�ofits�unique�features.�

A�geodesic�dome�offers�anunbelievable�variety�of�plan�options.The�unobscured�space�within�the�free-span�dome�home�allows�for�a�fresh�anduninhabited�approach�to�contemporaryliving.�

A�thorough�understanding�of�thedome�concept�and�attention�to�yourfamily�and�site�are�of�prime�importancein�designing�your�dome�home.

A�view�of�house,�family�and�site�asone�indivisible�whole�is�of�greatestimportance.

Page 45: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

44

custom planspreliminary

Your�own�architectural�program�(likethe�one�from�the�Interior�Planning�Kit)along�with�any�sketches�of�your�domeideas�and�your�site�location�are�neededfor�us�to�provide�you�with�a�set�ofcustom�preliminary�design�drawings.

Our�involvement�thru�personal�contactor�written�communication�will�answerspecific�questions�during�this�phase.

3�sets�of�preliminary�drawings�of�all3�floor�plans,�cross�section�and�anelevation�will�be�sent�for�your�approvalbefore�continuing�with�construction�plans.

constructionYour�approved�preliminary�plans�are

then�developed�into�construction�plansby�adding�all�the�dimensions,�notes�anddetails,�foundation�plan,�floor�framingplans,�site�plan�and�more�elevations.Other�drawings�are�available.�

5�sets�of�plans�are�sent�to�youupon�completion.�Additional�sets�areavailable.

Your�custom�plans�pertain�to�yourcustomization�of�the�dome.�You�do�notpay�for�standard�details�pertaining�tothe�dome�itself�-�these�are�included�inour�construction�manual.

A�Natural�Spaces�standard�dome�shellengineering�package�with�a�cover�sheetlisting�your�project�and�address�can�besigned�and�stamped�by�a�structuralengineer�registered�in�your�state.Provided�free�with�your�dome�kit.

If�your�building�inspection�departmentrequires�engineering�certification�of�yourcustom�dome�drawings,�we�have�consultingengineers�experienced�in�domes�andlicensed�everywhere.�They�will�review,analyze�and�provide�calculations�for�allpertinent�details.�They�can�then�providethe�required�structural�certification.�

Page 46: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

45

owner builtOwner�building�-�ah,�the�joys�of�doing

everything�yourselves.The�main�reason�people�take�on�the

task�of�owner-building�is�to�save�money.With�the�right�help,�you�can�save�abundle�-�from�20%�to�as�much�as�60%.

If�you�ve�been�frustrated�trying�tofigure�out�how�to�get�that�new�domehome�you�need�and�want�without�payingand�arm�and�a�leg�to�a�contractor,possibly�this�is�the�building�method�foryou.�

It�will�require�a�major�commitmentfrom�yourselves.�It�will�be�all�consuming.At�times�you�ll�be�ready�to�quit.�It�willtax�your�marriage�or�any�relationship.�

However,�as�you�complete�the�buildingtasks�you�will�gain�a�feeling�ofconfidence�and�accomplishment�that�s�hardto�imagine.�

You�don�t�have�to�be�an�expertcarpenter�to�build�our�dome�home.�

You�can�cut�out�your�own�struts�-there�are�no�angle�cuts�involved.�Youcan�attach�out�patented�sleeve�to�thestrut�yourself�-�we�supply�you�with�abolt�hole�drilling�template.�Then�wesupply�all�the�correct�plated�nuts�andbolts.�We�show�you�how�to�make�a�jigfor�the�Super-Wal�double�strutfabrication.�We�show�you�how�to�cut�thetriangles�from�regular�4x8�3/4��T&Gplywood.�All�of�this�is�clearly�shown�inour�250�page�construction�manual.

The�Natural�Spaces�Super-Lok�hubsystem�is�a�simple�bolt�together,�self-aligning�patented�building�system�fordomes.�It�is�so�simple�that�your�buildingcrew�can�put�up�the�framework�in�oneday.�The�triangle�panels�take�an�added�1-2days�(depending�on�size�of�dome).�Therental�of�an�inexpensive�air�nail�gun�makesthe�panel�application�a�breeze.

Where�do�you�begin?�Probably�at�theowner-builder�Dome�School.�We�ll�showyou�how�to�fabricate�dome�parts,�thentake�these�parts�and�build�a�section�of�adome�from�the�foundation�up�thru�theinsulation,�interior�panels�and�much�more.�

Think�about�it�-�then�write�or�callus.

Page 47: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

46

owner - contracted

Owner-contracting�literally�meansthat�you�take�on�the�responsibilitiesof�the�general�contractor:�you�hirethe�sub-contractors;�you�order�andcoordinate�materials�and�labor;�youmake�sure�everyone�is�doing�their�job;you�also�sometimes�pick�up�and�delivermaterials.

You�take�care�of�the�constructionloan;�take�out�draws�on�it;�pay�laborand�material�bills�and�get�lien�waivers.�

You�take�care�of�the�building�permit.You�also�get�to�deal�with�theinspectors�on�the�job�site.

And�what�do�you�gain�from�all�thisbesides�the�biggest�dome�headache�youever�had?�Monetarily�you�will�save�atleast�10%�to�as�much�as�30%�of�yourproject�costs�-�assuming�you�ve�doneyour�homework.�You�ll�also�gaincontrol�over�all�the�decisions�beingmade.�We�didn�t�say�that�you�would�gaincontrol,�just�that�you�would�be�theone�to�make�all�of�the�job�decisions.Instead��of�not�knowing�why�somethingwas�installed�wrong�or�was�goofed�up,you�would�be�in�on�the�initial�decisionand�find�out�why�it�couldn�t�be�donethe�way�you�first�wanted�it.�You�doneed�to�maintain�your�sense�of�humor.�

Owner-contracting�allows�you�tomake�some�changes�as�you�go,�withoutthe�general�contractor�screaming�atyou,�wanting�to�charge�double�for�thecrazy�idea�you�had.�

Sometimes�you�can�make�a�deal�withsubcontractors�to�assist�them�tokeep�their�costs�down.�You�can�hireyourself�to�do�the�things�you�knowhow�to�do�or�want�to�do.�

Couples�sometime�work�very�wellat�this�job�because�it�usually�takestwo�novice�people�to�replace�onegeneral�contractor.

Page 48: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

47

contractor builtContractor�built�means�someone

other�than�you�is�doing�the�building�andhandling�any�subcontractors�in�the�totalconstruction�of�your�dome�home.�

You�may�end�up�doing�some�painting�orfinishing�but�for�the�most�part�youjust�stand�back�and�make�decisions.

One�of�the�main�factors�is�that�youare�trading�dollars�for�time.�A�gooddome�contractor�should�be�able�tofinish�your�dome�(depending�on�its�sizeand�amenities)�in�from�three�to�sixmonths.�This,�of�course,�is�going�tocost�you�money�for�all�that�labor.However,�you�are�paying�for�expertise,quality�construction�and�craftsmanship(we�should�say�craftspersonship�but�itdoesn�t�sound�good).�Your�buildingproject�should�also�process�moresmoothly.�

An�important�item�with�any�contractoris�to�establish�a�detailed,�itemizedconstruction�contract�that�specifies�atleast�a�total�sum.�However,�a�costitemized�contract�is�better�to�deal�withThe�brand�names�or�quality�of�itemsshould�be�specified.�

Some�good�contract�forms�arepublished�by�the�American�Institute�ofArchitects.�

Most�Natural�Spaces�dealers�will�actas�a�general�contractor�for�you.�Priceswill�vary�by�region�based�on�varyinglabor�and�materials�costs.

Natural�Spaces�will�act�as�an�adviser,consultant,�or�supervisor�to�yourgeneral�contractor�in�areas�where�wedon�t�have�a�dealer.�

Page 49: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

48

financingHere�are�two�ways�many�people�use

to�determine�their�ability�to�afford�aparticular�home:

1.�The�total�price�of�the�home�andland�should�not�exceed�2�to�3�timesyour�annual�income.

2.�A�homeowner�should�not�paymore�than�30%�to�35%�of�their�totalmonthly�income�for�monthly�housingexpenses�-�mortgage,�heat,�utilities,repair,�insurance.

Natural�Spaces�has�severalmortgage�brokers�and�banks�that�loanon�dome�homes.�Some�of�these�brokerscan�provide�permanent�financing�in�otherstates.

You�should�go�to�the�lender�with�apersonalized��package��fully�detailingyour�home�building�plans�and�yourcurrent�financial�status.�You�need�toshow�the�lender�you�are�prepared�andresponsible.

If�you�talk�to�a�loan�officer�for�anhour�or�two�explaining�all�of�yourplans�and�finances,�he�then�has�tosummarize�your�conversation�to�his�loancommittee.�If,�instead,�he�can�present�thecommittee�with�comprehensive�drawings,pictures�and�data,�you�stand�a�muchbetter�chance�for�a�favorable�decision.�

We�can�provide�an�eleven�page�costanalysis�of�your�dome�plan.�Using�ourMacintosh�computer,�our��Mac�DomeBudget��is�a�very�accurate�costestimate�for�you�and�your�lender.

Inaccurate�and�incomplete�costestimates�are�one�of�the�greatestfaults�of�owner-builders.�Our�Mac�Domebudget�shows�everyone�what�it�willcost�to�completely�finish�your�entiredome�project.

Natural�Spaces�maintains�a�national�Domes�for�Sale��list�along�with�anational��Registry�of�Domes��providingvaluable�information�for�these�brokers.Contact�us�for�more�information.

Presentation�package�to�lenders:1.�Complete�costs�including�any�bids

or�proposed�contracts.2.�Complete�floor�plans�and

elevations�of�what�you�are�going�tobuild.

3.�Specifications�as�to�the�typeand�quality�of�building�components.

4.�Vicinity�map�of�project�showingroads,�schools,�shopping,�etc.

5.�Plot�plan�showing�proposedhome.�Pictures�of�the�site�are�helpful.

6.�Copy�of�land�deed�and/orsurvey�-�legal�description.

7.�Septic�permit�or�sewer/waterproximity.

8.�Owner-builder�of�owner-contractor�qualifications�(if�applicable).�

Page 50: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

49

dome schoolIf�you�re�ready�for�the�comfort�of

dome�living,�but�you�re�not�sure�you�re�upto�the�challenge�of�building�your�owndream�dome,�Natural�Spaces�Domes�has�theanswer�-�a�dome�home�constructionworkshop�for�owner-builders.�

It�is�the�only�dome�school�devotedentirely�to�showing�you�how�to�buildyour�own�dome�home�by�letting�youparticipate�in�the�actual�construction.

The�workshop�is�open�to�anyone�whois�interested�in�learning�how�to�build�adome�or�those�who�want�to�have�controlof�their�dome�building�project.�Someowners�have�their�contractors�attend.There�are�reduced�fees�for�multipleattendees�from�the�same�project.�

The�workshop�takes�place�at�our�fivedome�factory,�office�and�model�domefacility�in�North�Branch,�Minnesota,�about�50miles�north�of�Minneapolis�and�St.�Paul,Minnesota.�Check�with�us�for�exact�dates.Normal�times�are�the�last�weekend�in�Apriland�in�June.

Give�us�a�weekend�of�your�time�and�we�llgive�you�the�hands-on�experience�you�needto�get�started�on�your�dome.

Happy�Dome�School�students

Page 51: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

50

Friday�afternoon-eveningDuring�Friday�s�session,�our

experts�will�introduce�you�to�thefundamentals�of�constructing�a�domehome.�Yo�ll�learn�the�terminology�asyou�work�your�way�through�theconstruction�manual,�materials�list�andblueprints.�You�will�also�view�a�videotape�on�dome�construction�and�tour�ourmodel�dome�and�office�dome.

SaturdayOn�Saturday�we�ll�put�the�tools�in

your�hands�showing�you�how�to�cutyour�own�Super-Wal�struts,�exteriorpanels,�riser�walls,�interior�panels�andother�items.�Using�the�components�youhave�made,�we�ll�then�erect�a�full-scalesection�of�a�dome�on�top�of�a�joist�andplywood�floor�system.�

Because�we�use�real�sizecomponents�you�ll�be�up�on�ladders�andscaffolding,�for�some�of�theconstruction,�duplicating�the�real�thing.

Sunday�MorningSunday�s�session�will�involve�you�with

installing�our�wide�72��rolls�of�fiberglassinsulation,�installing�vapor�barrier�andinterior�triangle�panels.�We�will�also�cut-in�a�skylight,�deal�with�our�exclusiveventilation�system,�apply�felt�paper�andinstall�shingles.�You�will�get�to�inspect8-10�shingle�types.

Sunday�afternoonSunday�afternoon�s�tour�of�domes�will

take�you�into�2�or�3�other�completeddomes�in�the�area,�allowing�you�to�meetand�talk�with�the�owners.�

The�workshop�fee�is�a�small�price�topay�to�save�you�time,�money�and�futurefrustration.�You�can�bring�your�questionsto�the�experts�and�share�your�domedreams�with�other�novice�dome�builders.

video - dvd tourThere�is�a�video/DVD�you�can�t�afford

to�miss.�Natural�Spaces�Domes�wouldlike�to�take�you�inside�8�beautiful�domehomes.�This��Tour�of�Domes��video-DVD�isnot�a�10�minute�glimpse�of�2�or�3�domeswith�a�high�pressure�sales�pitch.�It�is�afull�length,�50�minute,�interestinginformative�tour�and�conversation�witheach�dome�owner.�

Every�dome�was�custom�designed�tofit�the�owner�s�budget,�lifestyle�andsite.�From�a�small�2�bedroom�retirementdome,�designed�for�a�couple,�to�a�large6�bedroom�double�dome,�you�will�beamazed�at�how�well�the�dome�adaptsitself�to�each�owner�s�needs.

You�will�see�how�our�dome�homescan�provide�you�with�a�totally�newexperience�in�living�-�a�spacious,�open,airy,�sky-lit�environment.�

See�for�yourself�our��view�cupolaskyloft��room�at�the�top�of�our�dome,offering�a�wonderful�360��view.�Thepractical�side�of�this�cupola�are�thewindows�that�open,�providing�naturalventilation�with�lots�of�fresh�air,minimizing�air-conditioning�needs.

See�for�yourself�how�a�NaturalSpaces�Dome�lends�itself�to�any�styledecor�whether�it�is�rustic,�countrystyle,�traditional,�contemporary�ormoderne.

See�for�yourself�how�our�domesbring�the�outside�in�with�our�NaturalSpaces�Dome�skylights�in�the�shape�oftriangles,�trapezoids,�hexagons�orpentagons,�allowing�spectacular�panoramicviews.�Order�your�video/DVD�now.

Page 52: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

51

dome tour

This�unusual�tour�will�let�you�intosome�of�the�most�energy-efficient,uniquely-designed�domes�in�the�upperMidwest.�

No�other�house�tour�in�the�entireworld�offers�so�many�custom�designed,super�insulated�domes�open�for�touringon�the�same�day.�The�domes�are�in�avariety�of�sizes�and�price�ranges.People�come�from�all�over�the�world.�

Here�s�how�our�tour�works�-�wearrange�with�10�to�20�of�our�domeowners�to�open�their�domes�to�ourtour�registrants�for�the�firstSaturday�in�May�and�the�first�Saturdayin�October.�They�are�there�to�answeryour�questions�and�explain�their�dome.�

We�reimburse�the�owners�for�theirtime�and�effort.�We�charge�you�amodest�fee�for�the�tour.�

The�homes�are�located�in�Mpls.,�St.Paul,�up�to�North�Branch,�Minn.�You�aregiven�a�detailed�map.�You�drive�yourselfand�being�on�your�own,�you�can�spend�asmuch�time�looking�at�the�domes�thatappeal�to�you�the�most.

The�domes�are�open�from�9:30�AM�to4:30�PM.�The�owners�are�present�ateach�of�their�homes.�There�are�nosales�people�present�except�at�ourmain�office�model�dome.�

Our�tours�draw�rave�reviews�fromthose�that�attend.�The�most�oftenheard�comment�is�that�instead�of�seeingone�home�every�month�or�so�andforgetting�what�each�one�was�like,�youare�able�to�view�most�of�these�uniquedome�homes�in�the�same�day,�enablingyou�to�make�intelligent�comparisons.

Page 53: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

52

Imagine�walking�out�the�door�of�yourdome,�across�the�sand�dune�on�your�ownprivate�walkway,�arriving�on�the�warmsandy�beach�and�your�own�part�of�theAtlantic�ocean.�You�can�be�a�part�of�thispicture�by�renting�our�beach�dome�for�aweek.

A�truly�wonderful�vacation�will�beyours�in�this�38��diameter�high�profilewith�3500�sq.�ft.�of�space.�The�2��story�great�room�has�a�40��wide�panoramicview�of�the�ocean.�From�thecupola/skyloft�50��above�sea�level,�youcan�see�in�all�directions�and�look�down�onthe�pelicans�flying�by.

Located�on�the�beautiful�26�mile�longTopsail�Island�off�the�southern�coast�ofNorth�Carolina,�USA.

Topsail�is�an�island�with�uncrowdedbeaches,�fishing�piers,�nearby�golfcourses�and�warm�summer�and�fallocean�temps.

This�dome�was�designed�for�largefamilies�or�several�couples�to�vacationtogether�providing�private�spaces�aswell�as�communal�spaces�able�tohandle�many�people.

The�beach�dome�has�6�largebedrooms,�5�facing�the�ocean�with�3�ofthem�opening�onto�decks.�The�thirdfloor�main�bedroom�has�a�2�personJacuzzi�with�ocean�views�and�its�ownprivate�deck.�The�large�3rd�floorfamily�room�can�sleep�4�more,�bringingthe�sleeping�total�to�16-18.

We�have�a�huge�kitchen,�fullyequipped�with�dining�at�a�central�tableseating�10,�a�restaurant�booth�seating�4with�ocean�views�and�a�counter�with�3soda�fountain�swivel�stools.

Other�amenities�include�4�bathrooms,two�10x30�covered�decks,�triple�zonedcentral�air�conditioning,�2�large�windowseats,�4�color�cable�TVs,�2�VCRs,�AM/FMstereo,�ceiling�fans�in�each�bedroom�-enough�stuff�for�a�good�self-indulgentvacation.

See�us�at:�www.beachdome.com

Page 54: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

53

dealersWe�have�a�small�group�of�authorized,

independent�dealers�in�various�parts�ofthe�United�States.�These�dealers�havefabricated�and�constructed�domes�and�canoffer�you�their�personal�experience�andexpertise.

Some�of�these�dealers�purchase�ourpatented�Natural�Spaces�dome�connectorkit�and�produce�our�shell�kit�on�a�localbasis.�This�can�save�you�substantialshipping�costs.�Most�of�them�also�offercontracting�services�enabling�you�to�getexperienced�local�assistance�in�completingyour�dome.�

We�enjoy�a�dealer�network�whobelieve�in�our�unique�dome�building�system.We�re�proud�to�recommend�them�to�you.

Foreign�and�overseas�shipments�of�ourcomplete�dome�systems�can�be�easilyaccommodated�in�ocean-going�containers.Unloading�is�simple,�if�the�ownerpurchases�the�container,�making�it�into�anon-site�workshop.

Shipments�of�our�dome�systems�in�thecontinental�U.S.�are�handled�in�closed,�53�semi-truck�trailers.�Rates�are�based�onmiles,�not�weight.�See�our�price�list.

Natural�Spaces�Domes�will�continue�toprovide�and�service�dome�structureswell�into�the�future.�Dennis�Odin�Johnsonand�his�fiance,�Tessa�Hill,�have�a�clear�anddedicated�mission�to�leave�this�Earth�in�ahealthier,�more�natural�state�than�whenthey�entered.�Dennis��son,�Erik,�worksfull�time�at�Natural�Spaces�Domes.Tessa�s�daughter,�Karina,�works�part�timeduring�college�summers.�Jim,�Nancy,�Dick,Darren,�and�the�other�hardworking,experienced�staff�are�dedicated�to�makingsure�you�get�personal�attention,whether�you�are�curious�or�seriousabout�domes.�We�think�that�is�the�leastyou�deserve.�

©�Copyright�2005�All�Rights�Reserved.�No�part�of�this�book�may�bereproduced,�stored�or�transmitted�byany�means�without�our�writtenpermission.

Natural Spaces Domes37955�Bridge�Rd.�North�Branch,�MN�55056�U.S.A.

Phone�800-733-7107 651-674-4292Fax�651-674-5005

Email:�[email protected]

Internet:�www.naturalspacesdomes.com

www.beachdome.comwww.domesforsale.com

Page 55: All About Domes Ver1 - Natural Spaces Domes · Geodesic˜Dome,˜starting˜in˜the˜40˜s.˜His design˜team˜created˜spectacular,˜huge Dome˜enclosures˜for˜many˜uses.˜He was˜a˜prolific˜inventor,˜teacher˜and

54

Thanks�to�allour�wonderfulcustomers�forletting�me�takepictures�of�alltheir�great�dome

homes�-�D.O.J