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INTRODUCTION TODR. ALLAMA MUHAMMAD

IQBAL (RA)

by

MUHAMMAD ISHAQ

ID No. 3937

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Allama Iqbal: IntroductionIqbal was born in Sialkot on November 9, 1877,

in the present-day province of the Punjab in

Pakistan,. His Father name was Shaikh NurMuhammad was a prosperous tailor, well-

known for his devotion to Islam, and the family

raised their children with deep religious

grounding. His grand father Sahaj Ram Saprumoved to Sialkot after conversion to Islam.

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His Married Life Following custom, at the age of 15 Iqbal's

family arranged for him to be married to

Karim Bibi, the daughter of an affluentGujrati physician. The couple had twochildren: a daughter, Mi'raj Begam (born1895) and a son, Aftab (born 1899).

Iqbal's third son died soon after birth. Thehusband and wife were unhappy in theirmarriage and eventually divorced in1916.

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His Education Profile:

He received his early education in Scotch

Mission High School, in his home city of

Sialkot. The he got admission in Government

College in Lahore where he studied

philosophy, English literature and Arabicand obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree.

He won a gold medalfor topping his

examination in philosophy.

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In 1898 he obtained degree in Lawand in 1899 and got enrolled MA in

philosophy from Government College,Lahore

He did BA from Cambridge (1907),qualified as a barrister at LondonsMiddle Temple (1906), and earned aPhD from Munich University (1908

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Allama Iqbal: Introduction Greatest Muslim philosopher-poet of 20th century

Studied philosophy, Arabic & English Lit.

Influenced by Ibne-Khaldun, Goethe & Rumi

Wrote religious & political philosophy & poetry in

Urdu & Persian

Advocate of political & spiritual revival of Islamic

civilization

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His Poetry:

Encourages political rejuvenation and empowermentof the Ummah (global Muslim community)

Colonized by West, the Ummah suffers from inferioritycomplex, slavish mentality & learnt helplessness

Teaches spiritual direction and development of humansociety

Laments Wests loss of spiritual & religious valuesbecause of its selfish materialism & secular capitalism

Frees Ummah from shackles of sect, caste, race,gender to unite.

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His Poetry Wants to restore original dynamism of

Islams universal message of peace with

justice through reforming fossilized

theological thinking

Concept of Khudi or Self: Strong will &

healthy self-conscious; Self-realization &

self-knowledge = Independence Offers universal message of hope &

revitalization of civilization

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Few of his most Books Bang-e-Dara (1924)

Baal-i-Jaibriel (1935)

Zarb-e-Kalim (1936)

Armaghan-e-Hijaz (1938)

Asrari Khudi (1915)

Ramuze Bekhudi (1918)

Zaboore Ajam (1927)

Payam-e-Mashriq (1923)

And many more

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Pakistan Resolution: He envisagedautonomous Muslim provinces in India

"I would like to see the Punjab, North-West

Frontier Province, Sind and Baluchistanamalgamated into a single state. Self-

government within the British Empire, or

without the British Empire, the formation of a

consolidated Northwest Indian Muslim stateappears to me to be the final destiny of the

Muslims, at least of Northwest India."

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Excerpts from Poetry

(Jawab-e-Shikwa)

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Few of his verses: (Shikwa)

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