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Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” Autora: Isabel Mira Tornadijo. IES Juan de Garay. Valencia, Spain 19 October 2012.

Alternative energy, and sustainable development

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Page 1: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Comenius:

“ Natural Sciences Natural English”

Autora: Isabel Mira Tornadijo.

IES Juan de Garay. Valencia, Spain

19 October 2012.

Page 2: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRYALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY

AND AND

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Autora: Isabel Mira Tornadijo

Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English”

IES Juan de Garay. Valencia, Spain

19 October 2012.

Page 3: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

PROBLEMPROBLEM

WHAT IS THE END OF USED OIL TO MAKE OUR PLANET MORE SUSTAINABLE?

http://www.elsuralavista.com/

Page 4: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

THROW IT INTO THE SEA?THROW IT INTO THE SEA?

http://cienciaencanoa.blogspot.com.es/

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

One litre of oil pollutes 1000 litres of water!

PROBLEMPROBLEM

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 5: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

The waste generated in the city is a problem that becomes larger as the world population grows.

PROBLEMPROBLEM

THROW IT AWAY TO A LANDFILL?THROW IT AWAY TO A LANDFILL?

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 6: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

educacioninicial.com

Earth is already over-polluted. The technological

development in the consumer society leads to the

accumulation of garbage and debris not assimiliated by

nature.

PROBLEMPROBLEM

THROW IT AWAY TO A LANDFILL?THROW IT AWAY TO A LANDFILL?

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 7: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

If urgent measures are not taken, not only the environment, but the health of human beings is in danger .

These measures also include SCHOOL LABORATORIES.

PROBLEMPROBLEM

THROW IT AWAY TO A LANDFILL?THROW IT AWAY TO A LANDFILL?

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 8: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

Valencia. Spain

PROBLEMPROBLEM

RECYCLING?RECYCLING?

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 9: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

Benavente. Zamora .Spain

It seems to be the best option

PROBLEMPROBLEM

RECYCLING?RECYCLING?

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 10: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

BUT… HOW?

How can we recycle used oil?

And what for ?

Can we get useful products, useful substances?

PROBLEMPROBLEM

RECYCLING?RECYCLING?

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 11: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

CHEMISTRY WILL HELP US!

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?

Page 12: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?

FIRST YOU SHOULD KNOW WHAT AN OIL IS AND WHAT CHEMICAL STRUCTURE IT HAS.

STRUCTURE OF A TRIGLYCERIDE

Fatty acidFatty acid Fatty acid

GLYCEROL

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 13: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

GLYCEROL

THEN YOU SHOULD KNOW A POSSIBLE CHEMICAL REACTION: TRANSESTERIFICATION

Glycerin appears as a byproduct of biodiesel production process, obtaining 1 Kg of the same for each 10 kg of biofuel.

HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 14: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

TRANSESTERIFICATION

But… Where do we get methanol from?

Methanol (CH3OH) is an alcohol.

The typical feedstock used in the production of methanol is natural gas.

Methanol also can be made from renewable resources such as wood, municipal solid wastes and sewage.

But it is also possible to transform glycerine in methanol for reuse in making biodiesel (an innovative project).

HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 15: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

TRANSESTERIFICATION

GLYCERIN.- Among the main uses are:

-The elaboration of cosmetics such as soaps. - In the field of medicine used in the preparation of

medicaments in the form of -- In military disciplines for the manufacture of explosives, - Preparation of alkyd resins which are used as insulators.

- Fluid separator in capillaries instruments.- Industry Paintwork.-- Tobacco industry.

- Textiles providing elasticity and softness to fabrics.- Manufacture of leather. - Production of methanol.

HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 16: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

TRANSESTERIFICATION

BIODIESEL

Biodiesel is considered a clean fuel because it is:

• NONTOXIC

• BIODEGRADABLE

• MUCH LESS POLLUTING THAN PETROLEUM DIESEL.

HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 17: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

Combustion of biodiesel fuel results in much lower emissions of almost every pollutant:

• carbon dioxide

• sulfur dioxide (one of the main causes of acid rain)

• carbon monoxide

• air toxins and unburned hydrocarbons

TRANSESTERIFICATION

BIODIESEL

HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 18: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

http://www.greenerpro.com/Products.html

BIODIESEL CYCLEBIODIESEL CYCLE

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 19: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

http://www.greenoptions.comhttp://www.environmentalleader.com

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

THE MOST POSITIVE OPTION IS THE 3 R’S

1.REDUCE GARBAGE AND DEBRIS

2. REUSE IF POSSIBLE

3. RECYCLE

Page 20: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

HOW TO MAKE BIODIESEL IN THE HOW TO MAKE BIODIESEL IN THE SCHOOL LABORATORY?SCHOOL LABORATORY?

• Rack and test tubes• Jar with a lid• Probet / Tube graduate • Electronic scales• Waste Vegetable oil • Catalyst: potassium methoxide = KOH in methanol to 1.5%.

Material and reagents necessary for obtaining biodiesel

We must remember the importance of reducing the amount of chemicals.

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 21: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

• Weigh 10 grams of vegetable oil in a small boat fitted with a lid.

• Add 4 mL of the catalyst.

• Close the bottle with the cap and shake gently.

• After 10 minutes of stirring, the contents is poured into a cylinder and allowed to stand in the rack. After a while they should see two layers.

Procedure for the realization of biodiesel

HOW TO MAKE BIODIESEL IN THE HOW TO MAKE BIODIESEL IN THE SCHOOL LABORATORY?SCHOOL LABORATORY?

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 22: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

HOW TO MAKE BIODIESEL IN THE HOW TO MAKE BIODIESEL IN THE SCHOOL LABORATORY?SCHOOL LABORATORY?

• The top layer is biodiesel, which floats above the glycerol byproduct.

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 23: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Page 24: Alternative energy,  and sustainable development

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain

“A PUBLIC SCHOOL FOR ALL”