Alternatives to ADDIE

While ADDIE is the Most popular Instructional Design Method, there are others that you might find helpful. Click on button to learn more:

Dick and Carey, part 1

The ADDIE Model is sometimes too simplistic for some situations. The Dick and Carey model is good for a more detailed look at the design process. You can find textbooks by the creators themselves.

Dick and Carey, part 2An overview of the process:

Dick and Carey, part 3The Ten Steps of the Dick and Carey Model are:

1. Identify Instructional Goals2. Conduct Instructional Analysis3. Identify Entry Behaviors4. Write Performance Objectives5. Develop Assessment Instruments6. Develop Instructional Strategy7. Develop and Select Instructional Materials8. Design and Conduct Formative Evaluation9. Design and Conduct Summative Evaluation10. Revise Instruction

Dick and Carey, part 4If you are interested in the Dick and Carey model, please see the following resources:

• Dick, W. & Cary, L. (1990), The Systematic Design of Instruction, Third Edition, Harper Collins

• http://www.umich.edu/~ed626/Dick_Carey/dc.html

• http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/history_isd/carey.html

ARCS, part 1

Sometimes it helps to look at design from a different dimension. The ARCS instructional design model was created by John Keller. It is often referred to as a “Motivational Design” method because it was originally envisioned as a way to effectively motivate learning. ARCS stands for Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction.

ARCS, part 2

ARCS, part 3If you are interested in learning more about ARCS, please see the following resources:

• Keller, J. M., & Suzaki, K. (1988). Use of the ARCS Motivation Model in Courseware Design. In D. H. Jonassen (Ed.), Instructional Designs for Microcomputer Courseware. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.http://istheory.byu.edu/wiki/Kellers_Motivational_Model

• http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/learning/id/arcs_model.html

PIE, part 1

Sometimes ADDIE might be too involved or time consuming for your project. In these instances, a simpler design might be helpful. One such method is the PIE method: Plan, Evaluate, Implement. The basic idea of this method is to create a more practical instructional design method for classroom instructors.

PIE, part 2

The basic idea behind PIE is to design technology implementation in classroom instruction. It can be helpful in focusing on what is really needed when you don’t have time for something like the Dick and Carey model.

PIE, part 3

If you are interested in learning more about PIE, please see the following resources:

• Newby, T.J., Stepich, D.A., Lehman, J.D., and Russell, J.D. (2000). Instructional technology for teaching and learning: Designing instruction, integrating computers, and using media. (2nded). Columbus, OH: Merrill.

• http://users.eastlink.ca/~lanapenny/img/MicroTrio%20ID%20Model.pdf

Sociocultural, part 1

Occasionally, you will need to take a step back and take a more theoretical look at design. One helpful theory to look at is sociocultural theory. The basic idea is to look at how the various sociocultural backgrounds of your learners will affect learning, and then to create a specific socio-culture for community in the classroom.

Sociocultural, part 2

Sociocultural Theory focuses on the cooperative dialogues between learners and the more knowledgeable members of a culture (either in the classroom or outside). Learners can learn the culture of their classroom and the wider community through various forms of interaction.

Sociocultural, part 3

If you are interested in learning more about PIE, please see the following resources:

• Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. M. Cole, V. John-Steiner, S. Scribner, & E. Souberman (Eds.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

• http://www.education.com/reference/article/sociocultural-theory/