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American Imperialism 1865-1914

American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

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Page 1: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism

1865-1914

Page 2: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism1865-1914

Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19th centuryComplex causes behind overseas expansion

EconomicPoliticalCultural

Consequences still live on in the 21st century

Page 3: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperalism1865-1914

DefinitionsImperialism

Colonialism

Nationalism

Chauvinism

Page 4: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism1865-1914

The world by 1900Impact of Industrialization

Unintended Consequences caused by Industrialization

Page 5: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind
Page 6: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism1865-1914

Resurgence of European Colonialism 1870s and 1880s• Factors

• Consequences

Page 7: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism1865-1914

The United StatesIsolationist Tradition

Preoccupied throughout much of the 19th century

Page 8: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

Rise of New Foreign Policy Elite in the late nineteenth century

“White Anglo-Saxon Protestants” (WASP)• Who are they?

• Ambitions

Page 9: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

Alfred Thayer MahanAmerican strategist

The Influence of Sea Power upon History (1890)

Influence on foreign policy elite

Page 10: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

Cultural changes of the late 19th centuryThe Frontier declared “closed” in 1890 census

Industrialization

“New immigrants”

Page 11: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

Cultural attitudes of the late 19th centuryDarwin’s theory of evolution

Impact of Darwinism

Page 12: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

Anglo-SaxonismOrigins

“The White Man’s Burden”

Page 13: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

American Expansion before the Civil WarMostly confined to the North American continent

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Manifest Destiny

Page 14: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind
Page 15: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

American Expansion after the Civil WarGoals

William Henry Seward

Acquisitions

Page 16: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914Hawaii

Formerly an independent kingdom

Role of Missionaries

Role of Economics

Queen Liliuokalani

Annexation

Granted statehood in 1959

Page 17: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism1865-1914

Queen Lilioukalani, last Queen of Hawaii

Page 18: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

CubaOne of the last remaining colonies of Spain

War of independence

Role of American Media

Page 19: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

Cuba and the United StatesUS Motivations

The Maine

Page 20: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism1865-1914

The USS Maine arriving at Havana before its explosion

Page 21: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

Aftermath of Maine explosionDe Lome Letter

Public outrage

Page 22: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

The Spanish-American WarDeclaration of War

Teller Amendment

Page 23: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

The Spanish-American WarPublic Opinion

Typical Volunteer

Page 24: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

The Spanish-American WarTheodore Roosevelt (1858-1919)

Role in Spanish-American War

Page 25: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

Theodore Roosevelt (center) and the Rough Riders

Page 26: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

The Spanish-American WarSpain vs. United States

Battle of Manila Bay May 1, 1898

Page 27: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind
Page 28: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind
Page 29: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

The Spanish-American WarOutcome

Treaty of Paris

Page 30: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914Debate over the Philippines

Arguments for colonial empire

Arguments against colonial empire

Page 31: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism1865-1914

The US ratified the Treaty of Paris in 1899Reaction of Filipinos

Guerrilla war in the Philippines

Page 32: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

Emilio Aguinaldo, Filipino revolutionary leader

Page 33: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

US Colonial Rule in the PhilippinesUS policy

Consequences

Promises of Independence

Page 34: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

The Larger PicturePhilippines part of a larger strategy

China by 1900

Japan

Page 35: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind
Page 36: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind
Page 37: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind
Page 38: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy (1901-1909)“Imperial Presidency”

Anglo-Saxonism

Page 39: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

American Imperialism in Latin AmericaMonroe Doctrine

Roosevelt Corollary

Page 40: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

PanamaSuez Canal

Attempts to build canal

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, 1850

Hay-Pauncefot Treaty, 1901

Panama Canal

Page 41: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

Dollar Diplomacy• Example of the Philippines

• “Informal Imperialism”

Page 42: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind
Page 43: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

The Anglo-American RapprochementDiplomatic relations between US and Britain

Venezuela Boundary Dispute

Spanish-American War

Page 44: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

Impact of Spanish-American War on US/British Relations

Hay-Pauncefot Treaty (1901)

Alaska Boundary Dispute (1905)

The “Special Relationship”

Page 45: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914

Factors behind Anglo-American RapprochementCultural similarities between US and Britain

Connections between US and Britain

Page 46: American Imperialism 1865-1914. American Imperialism 1865-1914 Period of American overseas expansion during the late 19 th century Complex causes behind

American Imperialism 1865-1914Factors drawing Britain and the US closer together

Economic

European Diplomatic Situation

US foreign policy elite

Role of Anglo-Saxonism


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