AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN STUDENTS ESSAY OF PAST NARRATION COMIC
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree of
FACULTY OF LANGUAGE AND
SATYA WACANA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY
AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN STUDENTS ESSAY OF PAST NARRATION COMIC
THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree of
Sarjana Pendidikan
Evlin Yunanda Salim
112007158
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
SATYA WACANA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY
SALATIGA
2013
AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN STUDENTS ESSAY OF
AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN STUDENTSPAST NARRATION COMIC
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree of
FACULTY OF LANGUAGE AND
SATYA WACANA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY
i
AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN STUDENTS ESSAY OF PAST NARRATION COMIC
THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree of
Sarjana Pendidikan
Evlin Yunanda Salim
112007158
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
SATYA WACANA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY
SALATIGA
2013
ESSAY OF
ii
AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN STUDENTS ESSAY OF PAST NARRATION COMIC
THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree of
Sarjana Pendidikan
Evlin Yunanda Salim
112007158
Approved by:
Hendro Setiawan Husada, M.A Maria Christina Eko S, M. Hum
Supervisor Examiner
PUBLICATION AGREEMENT DECLARATION
As a member of the (SWCU) Satya Wacana Christian University academic I verify that:
Name : Evlin Yunanda Salim
Student ID Number : 11200
Study Program : English Language Teaching Department
Faculty : Language and Literature
Kind of Work : Undergraduate Thesis
In developing my knowledge, I right for my intellectual property and the contents therein entitled:
AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN STUDENTS
along with any pertinent equipment.
With this non-exclusive royalty free right, SWCU maintains the right to copy, reproduce, print, publish, post, display, incorporate, store in or scan into a retrieval system or database, transmit, broadcast, barter or sell my intellectual property, in whole or in part withexpress written permission, as long as my name is still included as the writer.
This declaration is made according to the best of my knowledge.
Thesis Supervisor
Hendro Setiawan Husada, M.A
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT
iii
PUBLICATION AGREEMENT DECLARATION
As a member of the (SWCU) Satya Wacana Christian University academic
Evlin Yunanda Salim
: 112007158
: English Language Teaching Department
: Language and Literature
: Undergraduate Thesis
In developing my knowledge, I agree to provide SWCU with a non-exclusive royalty free right for my intellectual property and the contents therein entitled:
AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN STUDENTS ESSAY OF PAST NARRATION COMIC
along with any pertinent equipment.
lusive royalty free right, SWCU maintains the right to copy, reproduce, print, publish, post, display, incorporate, store in or scan into a retrieval system or database, transmit, broadcast, barter or sell my intellectual property, in whole or in part withexpress written permission, as long as my name is still included as the writer.
This declaration is made according to the best of my knowledge.
Made in : Salatiga
Date : 25 Juni 201
Verified by signee,
Evlin Yunanda Salim
Approved by
Thesis Examiner
Maria Christina Eko S, M. Hum
COPYRIGHT STATEMENT
As a member of the (SWCU) Satya Wacana Christian University academic community,
exclusive royalty free
ESSAY OF PAST
lusive royalty free right, SWCU maintains the right to copy, reproduce, print, publish, post, display, incorporate, store in or scan into a retrieval system or database, transmit, broadcast, barter or sell my intellectual property, in whole or in part without my
13
Maria Christina Eko S, M. Hum
This thesis contains no such material as has been submitted for examination in any course or accepted for the fulfillment of any degree or diploma in any university. To the best of my knowledge and my belief, this contains no material previously published or written by any other person except where due reference is made in the text.
[email protected] 2013 Evlin Yunanda Salim
All rights reserved. No part of this thesis may be reproduced by any means without the permission of at least one of the copyright owners or the English Department, Faculty of Language and Literature, Satya Wacana University, Sal
Evlin Yunanda Salim:
iv
This thesis contains no such material as has been submitted for examination in any course or any degree or diploma in any university. To the best of my
knowledge and my belief, this contains no material previously published or written by any other person except where due reference is made in the text.
Evlin Yunanda Salim and Hendro Setiawan Husada, M.A
All rights reserved. No part of this thesis may be reproduced by any means without the permission of at least one of the copyright owners or the English Department, Faculty of Language and Literature, Satya Wacana University, Salatiga.
This thesis contains no such material as has been submitted for examination in any course or any degree or diploma in any university. To the best of my
knowledge and my belief, this contains no material previously published or written by any
All rights reserved. No part of this thesis may be reproduced by any means without the permission of at least one of the copyright owners or the English Department, Faculty of
1
AN ANALYSIS OF GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN STUDENTS ESSAY OF PAST NARRATION COMIC
Evlin Yunanda Salim
Abstract This study aimed to analyze the types of grammatical errors found in the Guided Writing students essay of past narration comic. The data were collected from 17 essays. In analyzing the data, I used steps proposed by Corder (1974) in Ellis and Barkhuizen (2005). A native speaker lecture helped identify the grammatical errors in the students essay. Based on the identification of errors, each category of errors was counted to find the types of grammatical errors using formula P
100% P=percentage, n1=total of the errors, N=total of the
whole errors. Each categories of error was explained and discussed. The result of the study show that English tenses (181 errors or 24.89%) were found to be the most common grammatical errors followed by errors in word choice (125 errors or 17.19%), punctuations (118 errors or 16.23%), subject-verb agreements (73 errors or 10.04%), prepositions (66 errors or 9.07%), articles (54 errors or 7.42%), singular/plurals (48 errors or 6.60%), pronoun (35 errors or 4.81%), and spellings (27 errors or 3.71%). This research concluded by discussing the pedagogical implication.
Key words: grammatical errors, students essay, past narration comic
Introduction
Grammar is the central of the teaching and the basic knowledge to learning language
effectively. Grammar plays an important role (Goh, 2007) and becomes one of the more
difficult aspects of language to teach as well as to learn (Byrd, 2003). According to Mickan
(2001), grammar analyzes the way the sentences work in the writing because writing is one of
the skills which is used by people to communicate their ideas, thought, feeling, and emotions
into words and paper.
In the process of learning a foreign language, making errors is a common thing that the
Indonesian learners face when they write an essay. They necessarily need knowledge of the
grammatical rules. As a learner, producing second language (L2) is not easy. There will be
2
errors may occur because the learners often over-generalize them. An error is a noticeable
deviation from the adult grammar of a native speaker, reflecting the interlangual competence
of the learner (Dulay & Burt, 1974; Brown, 1994; Ancker, 2000) and grammatical error is an
error of or pertaining to grammar (Kiser, 2009). Finding L2 learners errors is an evidence of
a process of learning because error has played an important role in the study of language
acquisition. Lengo (1995) also emphasized that people will learn to be better from errors that
they have made.
An analysis of errors in learning a foreign language has attracted scholars to examine
the problematic error the learners made. However, grammatical error is one of the
controversial issues in the field. One of the studies was done by Abushihab, El-Omari and
Tobat in 2011. They investigated the grammatical errors in the students writing in
Department of English Literature and Translation at Alzaytoonah Private University of
Jordan. They found prepositions and morphological errors were the most problematic Arab
learners made.
However, most of the studies including the one belongs to Abushihab, El-Omari and
Tobat focused on the problematic error the Arab learners made. Therefore, I will aim to
answer the following research question, What types of grammatical errors did the English
Department students produce in their writing?
Theoretical Framework
Error and mistake are different.
